[Cars rushed by]
[Tense music]
♪
[Audience chat]
[Applause]
- [Low] I want to first welcome everyone here tonight
You all join us -
(human) We can't hear you! </ P>
[Mic Feedback]
- [Amplified] Okay I'm sorry. </ P>
Please excuse me for a moment
We obviously have some technical difficulties here
Eh, we will introduce it tonight's main speaker
only in seconds.
[Chat chat]
[Clock ticks]
[Cold water freshener]
[Train rushes by]
- [Sighs]
[Creaking shoes]
[Buzzing loudly]
[Air trickling]
[Ringtone jingling]
- no cellphone
- I know . [Ring tone stops]
- Battery.
- [Scoffs]
[Phone rings]
- Yes. </ P>
Yes. </ P>
Understand
- is that it
What does it say? </ P>
- 40 minutes
- This doesn't feel right. </ P>
It's more than two years. </ P>
Did he say why? </ P>
- Traffic. </ P>
Maybe it should be so discuss the addendum
before it comes
I'm not 100% clear -
- strongly recommended
- Not 100% clear
if this applies
Certainly not at the beginning
And, now we are here...
- It was very recommended.
And now that we are somehow here,
It looks like it's irresponsible for everyone involved
not to discuss.
- Right, that's...
Exactly what I say
- who is the author of from addendum?
- I imagine it is a composer.
- Right, so...
- not me - or me.
- I'm sorry?
- Addendum.
- what about that
- We thought it should be discussed. </ P>
- So? Discuss that
- Why is that included? </ P>
- I was asked to enter < applied appreciation.
- When? - Nine months ago
Why was I interrogated?
- Come on.
It's always agreed, from the start,
all of them in the final report
will be discussed and agreed upon by us all, < /p>
bulat.
- Correct.
- [chuckles]
Good...
Like - like what I'm saying - - is that Von neu -
I apologize for interrupting.
Is that Von Neumann who said it that in mathematics
we don't understand a lot of things, we only get used to them?
- What does that mean?
- alright, uh... I guess what that means
is that the implications are stated in the addendum
seems to be a little stretching
for the algorithm theorist,
isn't that right, Jim?
- I don't believe English
still haven't taught you manners
- Guys, let's stay on the topic.
- I'm not entirely sure what that means , but, uh...
- Oh, I'm sure not. - It's clear,
But superficially, that you have exceeded your authority
- Maybe we should endure for one minute -
- this is not democracy...
- Actually, authority > Even the wrong word,
therefore has implications,
and in this case, doesn't exist. </ P>
You don't have - or lecture hall, kid.
- There's no point in the question -
- I'm not a child
- No, you definitely no. </ P>
You use the word "shallow" for a moment,
and if that's where you want to leave it,
then the answer is quite simple
Three words:
Knowledge is strength.
- Yes, that is.
- Short career is definitely touched,
is affected, and motivates us all
in some capacities.
And this is a brief introduction
always, to some degree, seems to fail
true justice
But, nevertheless, this is it
Our honored guest was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
the son of a banker < br /> and a housewife,
university graduate from Pennsylvania,
summa cum laude,
before accepting the phd in mathematics
from Princeton
Based on his thesis assignment on the riemann hypothesis,
he was the person invited
at the institute for further study
and at mit,
where his work on the theory of complexity
gave him the gift of Abel.
He is currently a tickling ball Great teacher mathematics
in the pure mathematics department
and mathematical statistics at Cambridge universities
and fellow in the college trinity .
In 2008...
He was awarded the greatest honor in our profession
when he was presented with a field medal
for the proof of absence
one-way function.
Women and men,
that is with great honor that I am now here for you
Dr. Timothy Horton. </ P>
[Applause]
[Applause and applause]
- Did he see this? </ P>
- Section where?
- Addendum.
- No. What is the difference
- The implication is quite clear, right?
I mean, maybe not through and through,
But let's be clear.
This business will not accept it
funding level and classification
if the implications are unclear.
- I agree they are clear,
but I still feel they need to be displayed,
and I think, think about it.
I don't know, I feel uncomfortable
for just sit here assuming.
We all know this is too big
to assume anything
- Why is that clear?
- Sorry?
- Why is that clear?
- I mean...
You not working your entire academic life
in the theoretical field of Computer science
and complexity theory without understanding -
implications big do something like this
- Right
Well, I guess, uh, I think I feel
There are two things that wrong with what you just said
Um, first of all, we are told from - promised, actually,
that whatever is applied the mathematical results
of our findings will be ours
and they don't want classified.
They will be government destination rights,
but only that right?
He changed it somewhere along the way.
Second, to assume that all of us as mathematicians
could reasonably measure real-world implications
of this project,
[chuckles] It's arrogance.
I mean, this - this -
it's just pride
- Wow.
How can you date? With an academic mind like that?
- I'm not sure I understand < br /> what do you suggest
- I just enchanted them with my card tricks
I mean, come on, guys, this is...
I feel like this is his argument that evolutionary scientist
steak dinner and a glass of wine right?
It & apos; s - one solve one problem,
and others look back and say,
"well, what was before?"
Then, "Well, what before?
What was before? " I mean...
How do we get our thoughts? about something like that?
- why don't you read my addendum?
- I did it, and I found your assumption
to be inadequate, including .
- I don't think anyone said here
that we can accurately weather forecast
The implication is from our study
50 years from now,
if I can understand what you want to say
Just like Oppenheimer and fermi
is unlikely to predict the consequences
of the Los Alamos study.
- This also raises questions responsibility as well
- How can we? maybe talk about that?
- At Los Alamos, they don't -
- this is... not Los Alamos.
- What are you saying?
- How are your daughters? He talking yet?
- As much as I appreciate smalltalk, Horton,
it feels awkward not in place
give a little of you < br>> Los Alamos Project
- Manhattan. - What is that?
- Freakin & apos; brits. It's a Manhattan project.
- Right
- Yeah, yes, this is all sCI Secret.
So, you know, if you leak something , NSA -
I think that's who we've got there -
they will, uh, they will kill you
Maybe torture you first.
- Oh, it's very charming
I think I have to get rid of it my spy camera at that time.
- [chuckles]
"But, uh, but,
" Mr. President, he will see everything
He will see the big council ! "
- Precisely the idea.
Where is the bloody hell what is Los Alamos?
- Ah, this is new Mexico. Desert sand.
- Hmm. What does it feel like to live in the desert?
I wonder - How can I find out?
I'm from South Philly.
- Either way, this is of course not Los Alamos.
- Wait, what are you saying?
p>
- Hmm? What, "this is certainly not Los -"
- Oh. I wonder what it feels like
to, you know, stay in - - right, right.
Stay in the desert.
Hugh, what's the characteristic of
from the desert?
- It's hot.
- Right, yes, and what else?
- There is no water. No rain.
Cactus or - cactus Cactus
- Sand - Sure.
- Millions of grains of sand.
What if I, uh, I took something,
like an a-quid coin, okay?
And I buried it in the sand.
It's buried, You don't know where it is,
and I ask you to find it.
How long will take you
- [Scoffs] Good -
- year, right? I mean, millions of years,
if the desert is large enough
- Sure.
- What if I melt the sand?
Take all the sand in the desert < br /> and melt it.
Glass.
The whole desert becomes one large glass sheet.
So now, find the coin easy right?
You just-- You see it floating there.
Change the sand to glass,
and find the coin <br
Hugh, I think so will need to leave now
- Oh yeah.
- No, seriously, I think < br /> You really have to go.
What do you think?
- I'm sorry?
- Come on.
- Oh, I, uh, think we should
will be very helpful when does he come
- All right, I think this is pretty clear
what will he say to us Responsibilities are: none
Our talent is used on the board
in the class,
And that is probably where they are want to leave stuff,
but if history has a precedent,
we are at the forefront of from the new technocratic reality.
Same like Oppenheimer.
We really have to think about mathematicians
as politicians.
- But those people don't have a precedent
And to be honest, after seeing
what Oppenheimer survives after the trinity,
I'm not sure any of us < br /> ready for that
- whatever, that's reality.
We've all thought about it, I mean -
- I will say that I object for this comparison
- Why? - It's just not convenient. </ P>
- I understand that, but why? </ P>
- Maybe it's heartburn, but who knows
- [Scoffs] Come on. </ P>
- Because, at the last moment the achievement of his career,
the only Oppenheimer Can remember
is the bhagavad gita:
"Now I am death, the destroyer of the world."
- I don't know who is more naive -
believers ignore the problem is true,
or people who believe this discovery
are equal to the atomic bomb
- I think you missed my point.
- That their work was built around
threat, fear, and finally destruction.
His work is one of 's discoveries and knowledge - that's all
- You can't ignore facts < >> that their research
blazed the way for many scientific
and that medical achievements saved countless lives... </ p >
- I understand that. - And facilitate its growth
of the global economy as we know it.
Nuclear power provides 20% of the US aps
and 30% of the EUus electric power. </ P>
- I understand that, but the purpose of their project -
they know what their purpose is.
That is damaging.
I mean, who are we? joking here </ p >
- Not wrong. That is politics, like this
- I'm sorry, You just said it a while ago
there it's impossible
they can understand the consequences
of what they do
Now you say their final destination is corrupt?
- No no.
There big difference
between the meaning what you have to do
and don't know how its history will see your achievements -
or maybe failure
If you remember, There was widespread fear
at Los Alamos that a uncontrolled nuclear explosion
could regulate atmosphere enthusiasm,
end life on earth
We talked about an atom, fissile
particle chain reaction here, right?
Of course, these people know it's a device
they're building it's damaging.
But how can they do it? have understood
how their business will affect the future?
As if it would happen in international, global -
I don't know - cosmic horror?
If somehow the community survived like a disaster,
they would most likely be seen,
whether through propaganda or not, as a criminal,
is worse than Hitler.
- All right, I think, lies between the two.
Why don't we shift gears before he comes
and discuss if there is a problem in the body
of the findings.
I know we applied our own expertise
for part of the report that corresponds to our field,
is often independent and temporarily our work
is checked throughout the process.
I see...
I think it's there any questions?
Or what problem with work?
Finally, everything is functional.
But no one has a question, comment?
- I'm having trouble Validating your evidence, doctor.
Computationally, on the surface, it looks right
That's pretty elegant, very.
But, after closer inspection, potential errors -
- really
I think we all know it's airtight
I mean, we made us nondeterministic processors.
You can hold it in your hand.
This is only physical a representation of the algorithm
- Being blunt, I'm still not sure
that you end up the calculation class
can be calculated in linear time.
- What, are you nervous? That's right.
We are more than just methodical, strict even.
Review on the review - is correct.
- I agree - the processor will not count
what is computational if p is not the same as np.
- Right.
- [Sighs]
Let me say it in another way.
Mind flexibility -
> or maybe I should say performance -
is dramatically blocked more mileage you use on it.
I mean, Christ, This is basically the theme
of biography Hardy. - Jim...
- P = np is the most significant problem
in the theory of Computer science
and mathematics complexity theory
Almost every field of knowledge is based on the idea
that brute force search is difficult, okay?
It takes a long time.
We only show it's easy
Everything changes. [Notebook hits the table]
This can open the way for that -
when we prove that p = np,
must be done correctly
[Card shaker]
- Select a card.
Come on, choose a card.
Remember that and put it back on the deck.
All right, now, if that's the case a bad wizard, I will -
- you is a bad witch
- The best way to find your card
will go through each one and ask you,
" Is this your card? "
- No.
No. And so on. </ P>
And this will take a long time, of course. </ P>
Imagine a deck with a million cards. </ P>
- I can't
- Right Now... [Card shaker]
If I have this problem with our nondeterministic instincts,
I will be simple give the deck,
and I will say, "which card is the right one?"
Employing a little nondeterministic computing,
and... What did the French say?
- Voila?
- Voila.
- Enough visual presentation.
So, if I can Get this straight,
in your explanation, I'm pretty sure I saw
somewhere classes 10 and 11,
nondeterministic steps to simplify p = np
and, finally, the world, works in linear time
because the card says that?
You just suggest your algorithm
is fundamental?
- No...
I only suggest it's magic
[Applause]
[ Applause and applause]
Thank you. You are very good
And thank you, Dr. acuri,
I, um, very humble and honorable
to be in front of you tonight.
Um, not only because my room
is full of brilliant mathematicians,
which, of course, me.
But because, not too long ago,
Actually I, was refused to enter
to this university
[Laughter]
Eh, not extracurricular enough, I should. </ P>
[Chuckles] Um...
The symposium's focus is the future of mathematics ,
and I've been asked to briefly address that topic
with you here tonight
Of course it's difficult, to contextualize
something very fuzzy and broad
as the future of mathematics
If the past is an indication of what is coming,
um, that answer can whatever
But I don't think many of you will find that summary
is very adequate, so I will try to do better
Come on, uh, let's start by taking stock
from where we are now
An amazing application from mathematics
has allowed us luxury and needs
like a cellphone,
GPS navigation, automatic dishes - dishwashers
This allows us computer games, portable television,
compact disc players. </ P>
This allows us high definition,
food distribution organic,
airplanes, calculator calculator watches
This allows radio control, lasik eye surgery,
brain laser editor, arthroscopy noninvasive
and class weapons u-235.
This is allowed artificial hearts
and heartless artificial intelligence.
>
This is allowed blackberry - I hope they are all silent -
iPhone and others portable devices
that enslave us to humans,
p>
keep us chained to the ever-expanding
company contingency of this world.
This allows Facebook, MySpace,
and others an extensive web application
that allows a cruel batter
In short, it is allowed good, bad,
and other things.
[Clock ticks]
[Approaching footsteps ]
- Gentlemen, Thank you for waiting.
I apologize for being late.
Before I forget, right just pass around?
They come from the president.
Have everyone eaten? Everyone is good
I think today < br /> a culmination of many things,
many emotions
And I - I'm here thank you and -
I think for provides maybe a little closed
for a process that I'm sure seems to be endless.
Now, I don't want to drag this out and make it too long,
but I have been instructed -
good, actually, pretty much ordered -
to make sure you guys leave here happy and fulfilled
How does that go
Hall doesn't have anger like a mathematician being ridiculed?
Alright, now... It's been more than a year
because we all in the same room
Does anyone have a question? That, hopefully, I can answer?
No?
All right, well, I have a short agenda
that I want to run through,
so let's skip this around, okay?
The first item is the order compensation. </ P>
$ 10 million annuity has been established
in each of your names
All you need to do < br /> is checking the appropriate box
next to the payment method
- Direct deposit?
- Sorry?
- Is this a direct deposit?
- However your research is paid benefits,
p>
this will be the same
Does that work?
Now, including your annual allowance,
does anyone have a problem < br /> at all
with their payment so far?
I hope not.
Alright, well, your salary will continue
for another six months for additional research
that might be needed
But hopefully not.
And that bring your total funds to around -
good, no guess -
exactly $ 22 million American dollars,
It's not bad for several years & apos; research, right?
Gentlemen, before we go to the next item,
I want to reveal to you level of gratitude
[voice distorts greatly] President and country
owe you.
[Static]
p>
This is not a small time in history.
Next is non-disclosure approval.
I know we have visited and review this problem
has ended many times in recent years.
This is very important.
The second document repeats as a result law
if there is information published or broadcast
Are there any intentions finally releasing
their findings to the public?
We all have many colleagues
whose applied research can benefit from this
I mean, I'm talking about a method for curing cancer,
building a causal relationship for Parkinson's , Alzheimer's -
- right, right, we understand that,
and I want to assure you that the government
will be very wise for the problem
And we might take it based on case by case,
but for now, I have to say no.
This will still be classified national security assets
- Sorry, it's not what we registered
- From the beginning,
I don't think anyone can predict
your level achievements.
And with the sensitivity of these findings,
>
in our country best interests
to make sure they are maintained.
- So then to publish anything
in, say, a trade journal -
- You can-- and, of course, that will happen
depending on what has been discussed-- but you can break
from your program, and as a result,
you can be caught for treason </ p >
Now, your security clearance will be stopped,
I believe in the same case a period of six months.
to the or secure network communication channel
that you have used to coordinate with each other.
What?
- [Sighs]
Well, I understand that you have to give this same talk
for various things-- from, uh...
I don't really know who did you give to this talk?
But it doesn't seem somewhat ironic,
your audience is given now
- I'm sorry. I didn't follow you
- I think what Jim means,
if there is secure network,
like, uh, siprnet or jwics, that we want access to,
okay, um... We just signed in and take it.
- [Laughter]
I'm sorry disappoint you,
but the defense system you just referenced
is not part of any network that you have access to.
- forgive us disappoint you,
but only the fact that they are the system is on any network
means they are vulnerable
Where is it, doctor, that we developed
the system to infiltrate siprnet?
Uh, Princeton? - Sure, yes
And that was before we did it Our nondeterministic process.
- Gentlemen... - That's practical
My doctoral thesis - Yes of course.
- Congratulations, Gentlemen.
You just confessed to for the seven crimes
and the betrayal rate will land you in supermax.
Fun.
- So you said that should delete the secret file
from my hard drive?
- I said that if you took this process </ p >
a little more serious,
we can get out of here faster.
- I just want to remind you, sir, </ p >
that this isn't your typical sewing circle.
- [gasps]
[unpleasant music]
♪
p>
- Now, that's all I have as far as an agenda
Before I leave, does anyone have any more
legitimate concerns < br /> can i address?
- Well, actually we have a little discussion
about inclusion from addendum
- Sure .
That, in fact, documenting one system application
is, uh, I think not in the spirit of
of this project intention original
- Sure. I asked Jim to include a supplement
because I was asked by my supervisor on dod
for a brief summary of what their $ 1/4 billion investment
bought it
You are, after all, funded
by the United States taxpayers
Is that the answer? your question?
- well-- - that response - sorry - </ p p>
that response is very inadequate
- Well, I think I have to apologize for that
- Okay, alright, let me say it in another way.
You have lots of from mathematicians at the NSA,
Maybe with some basic level intelligence.
You should know what this project will mean
So, um, well, why do you need it stated
In this document, I think, and - and why
is it just a list of
that is more damaging
> effect?
- scapegoat - That doesn't make sense
This effort doesn't produce anything but security is tight,
and with the exception of from very small groups
people, nobody knows from your involvement
So whatever the application is your system might provide,
You will always stay fully anonymous
- [Sighs]
I feel before maybe including this finding
as a mathematician.
But now, as I sit here, the logic slowly evaporates,
and I am left with that idea if something terrible
It should happen, you definitely can easily say,
"Look? That's not our idea."
- Convenience has nothing to do with that
- Having an increase rate Chinese hacking attacks
have something to do with your sudden interest </ p >
in our system application?
- I won't really know
But I assume we all understand,
and I'm not afraid to admit,
the new cold war has begun.
A room of four the smartest men on the planet,
but not one of you has shown an understanding of
from the reality of the world.
Future conflicts will not be launched
by racing to Jupiter or splitting atoms
or building a nuclear device faster than others.
No. This is far more smooth.
It's a penny here, a penny there
An unresponsive power network, the stock exchange is subverted.
Cumulative effect world economic spiral,
and when the dust settles,
the world is divined up, smaller now,
like a vulture to a fat and fat carcass.
Maybe we are still a superpower.
Maybe not.
But make no mistake, Gentlemen.
The carthaginians knocked at the gate of America.
- You imply the ghostnet becomes
a more significant threat
- Listen, obviously I'm not Freedom to discuss it,
but just say Chinese people
are constant source of supervision </ p >
from our security community.
- I think the answer the question is quite clear.
- In what way? - In what way?
Come on, with accelerated key search and decryption,
the whole world is at your fingertips
Nothing You can't see.
- Until they encode something differently
or develop a different architecture to come to us
- But how many months or years do you still have
absolute and unattended access for whatever you want
Financial information, technical information,
military data, secret code national
This is equivalent to-- - billions
No, hurry up in my head, I have to say
trillions of dollars < br>> worth the information
- Gentlemen - - I'm not sure the value
can really be placed at that level information. </ p >
- Right, but we can roughly calculate things here
Right? I mean, let's think.
Gdp Chinese is there around $ 3.2 trillion US dollars
Every cryptosystem that uses the pspace algorithm,
which is basically their entire infrastructure,
can be easily accessed
- Well, it can work for a certain aspects of a network,
say, financial institutions note,
but other systems are used < br /> different crypto algorithms
- Come on. - You can't solve it,
because this is different problems
- That's really ridiculous. </ P>
We don't even talk Recent theories here. </ P>
Gary Johnson, people in the 70s
show that, Basically,
all of this is complicated math problems -
backpack, sit, whatever-- They are all problems the same.
- Complete one, complete everything. - That's how it is
That's the complete np method.
Cryptography modern based on, I guess,
is now obsolete that some problems
too computational expensive for brute force, right?
They only take too long to try every answer
So introduce nondeterministic processors
and that problem first It takes millions of years to complete,
is solved in minutes
- I appreciate the lecture, </ p >
and I understand basic,
but my friends & apos; theoretical research
points for the fact that a separate network ,
separates anything, requires a separate grid
differently computational problems
- Oh, your friend
- Yes, rand
- Everything comes down to to non-deterministic prophecies. </ P>
With that, with the processor,
all problems < br /> in p and np space
can be calculated within a reasonable time
Main search, factoring, discrete log -
You can solve any cryptosystem in the world
if you have the will and, I think,
the software program to do it
- Even Chinese people < hybrid cryptosystems
can be prevented or even acknowledged attacks.
- no
Anyways, in my opinion, this work more as a weapon,
I guess, with a reduction of or destruction,
many in the same way As a conventional weapon,
as opposed to, say, sort of, I don't know,
inter-government theft - Means?
- This means it's not practical to darken Chinese money
for, say, funding a federal education bill, okay
If you want more money, just print more
And at this level , it will have little effect
on their economy.
- And, if you somehow find,
you basically declares war on superpowers,
and everything you have to show it
are some clean schools.
- Well , it could be even worse.
- Really, the only way I see it
will systematically attack assets
Basically, immobilize it, bring it out. </ P>
- I have to say, it's a lot it's easier to discuss the application
when it's contextualization like this.
- So say you will start a cyber attack in China,
what is logical be your first target
- Power plant.
- Why do you want to do that?
- Kill power, hold the defensive grid
The country will be most vulnerable
- Yeah, but if you cut the power,
then nothing is connected - how can you hack
a network not online?
No, I think if you want to use this as a weapon,
first, you destroy them the entire communication system. </ p >
Basically acting as the brain of the state.
You can receive and send whatever you like.
Mass hysteria, paranoia </ p >
It's almost like a water-based toxin.
You can rip the country apart.
I know Chinese is a milestone here,
but I believe it will be right- true naive
to ignore our allies -
Israel, Russia, England.
If history has taught us any , that's all
p>
loyalty is made for your own benefit.
There is literally nothing you can trust
- I'm sure the problem of trust will work well
with our allies as we explained to them
why we really hacked their communication network
- That's why we aren't caught
- Right Seeing...
This is foreign policy discussion
we all come out of our element
- I don't know how much is true.
- Still, as I thought > the implications of our project
Must be discussed, suddenly the inclusion of addendum
is a clear violation of the original agreement
- Listen , or anything along the line
has never been part of our goal, and that doesn't matter to you,
but this problem not black and white
as you make it sound.
Three weeks after the original Settings have been discussed,
ghostnet is penetrated a safe NORAD defense system,
fill in the contents containing confidential nuclear data,
including longitudinal coordinates
of each main missile battery on the east coast.
Four months after that,
Signs of US army calls database hit
That information exists on the basis of the need to know
it's generally accepted that the president
doesn't need to know
- Alright, maybe you should have employed us
to secure < br /> certain systems.
- On the one hand, we do.
My boss and I find certain nobles
in your accomplishments
Side motives, you are hired to do something
that god, Von neumann,
everyone is considered impossible
However You do it for your country
- Nobody denies that there is anything noble
about true pursuit of knowledge
or national pride, it's up.
But now, I have a feeling of drowning
that everything is gone
- I only do as requested.
- Yes, so do the guards at Auschwitz
- you can go to hell to say that
- Godwin's law attacks again.
- And in terms of any contractual obligations
for current or future work, As far as I know,
the inclusion of this addendum is a breach of contract clear.
- Well, I think, in that case, the US government
could rip your salary and cancel the annuity.
What will you do, sue us
- Maybe. </ P>
- Come on, this is not a burden
You serve with happy from the president
This is your patriotic task, done very well,
in an increasingly aggressive state world, okay
- You - You talked to us like we are locked
and we just developed some fancy drone aircraft
that may or may not ever work
- On the one hand, yes.
We see your system as a national asset.
- You are stupid.
- Don't you humble me?
I'm not there to be ridiculed.
- cold head, guys - No, you're here for -
to make sure we are happy You tire salesman
- I will cheer a civil discussion, yes,
But I won't sit here and attacked.
- Yes, you will - Excuse me?
- Your job is to sit here You have been instructed
Even though strength might lie here,
finally, The four of us
who must accept this fate, not being force-fed
Really, if this is a patriotic task,
as you suggest,
we can be quite simple conquer, destroy,
eradicate, and others destructive verbs
You can think, without retaliation,
without mercy, without consequences.
There must be a task that must pay for that fact.
- That's new start.
- There is a war launched in cyberspace,
is there anyone willing to admit it or not.
And for reasons from economies of scale,
The United States and its allies are dramatically left behind
Every week, the NSA estimates that 233 computers
in the district are compromised,
many of them in classified facilities.
There is such awareness cyber espionage
the majority of correspondence NSA
has returned to handwriting the torn paper
is also burned after reading
or locked. </ P>
Do you have an idea
the number of secrets that correspondence
is hand-delivered by trusted couriers every year?
This is shocking.
This is the future of in the world.
This is now.
- this is greater than your secret </ p >
- As an American, I don't know how anyone can say that
- As a mathematician, My conscience says it.
- Then why don't you destroy it? get down to me a little slower,
be me can understand
- Hardy is called mathematics the language of the gods
Because of that, uh, it opens and categorizes something
that is the mind It is impossible to understand
I-I don't expect you to do it at this time.
But there is definitely something basic proof, okay,
that leads to stronger conclusions.
To lock this so you can spy on someone is a criminal.
- Oh, it's so stupid and condescending
it makes me want to spit. </ P>
This is the most important unresolved problem
in computer science
Thinking you are the only mathematician in the world
focuses your efforts on this matter naive
You are a pawn, robot
We fund you. We bring you together. </ P>
You are not given a reply. Thought is cultivated,
and, finally, < a solution has been reached.
You are a piece of from the puzzle
A wheel Separately, you are nothing.
You are the people we ridicule growing up
But collectively, you have changed the history of the world
and put the right strength in the right hand
But don't forget your origin. You have been created
Soldered links in a larger chain reaction.
- [grunts] 9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19...
- Please enter.
- [Panting] 22, 23...
- Dr. Horton
- [Laughter] Oh.
Come on.
[Sighs]
Good.
[Marking mark]
Uh, this is a good effort,
But let's focus more on simplifying the algorithm
before drawing <
- You know, I can be careful of those questions for you.
- Yeah, well...
You know, I hate that ivory tower we have arrived here
I don't think Dr. Hawking aps chatting
with a student at, like, 25 years
- Alright, I think the sound machine
it might be a bit of an obstacle
- [chuckles] - Even though it's a hit
at a staff meeting
Did you know, I know that when Isaac Newton
are fellow in the trinity,
He is in the office to the right of the door?
- really - Yes.
- Hugh, what are you going to think about?
if there is an algorithm that can prove itself,
as automatically breaker proof
In other words, every time he finds a solution,
also finds another problem - a new problem
That will solve one < br /> and then next,
and then next and...
It can beiterated infinitum ads
- What will I think ? - Yeah.
- alright
Because I assume you are talking about something
far beyond Pythagoras's theorem here,
I will say that, uh,
a system that provides a solution
without ever concluding
You know, always pose the question, "what's next?"
It's almost like a computer worm.
- Yes, but it's bigger, do you know?
I think more general.
Like, uh...
Well, that will solve there is a problem,
is not just a problem it knows about
Whatever he encounters
- That's impossible. </ P>
I mean, it's practically impossible,
even in an applied sense. </ P> >
Solving one problem will only take forever
This is np-complete.
- Well, let's pretend that, uh,
is not always.
P and np don't matter.
Find a quick solution. </ P>
- really The only thing that works
will be, uh, be the sun. </ P>
- Yeah, but let's save more terrestrial,
like, uh, prometheus or Newton's cradle, okay?
The only solution is that
not maybe no more solutions
- Like a chain reaction?
- Yeah.
I mean...
What what are you going to think about
- [Sighs] I don't know
- Thank you.
[Footsteps are shrinking]
- Ahh.
I, uh, had dinner a week ago
with the president and the defense secretary.
Of course, they are very happy
about your work here, and blah, blah, blah
Then I can slide something pass it
There is a farmer in the French provence region
which is extraordinary intelligent horse
He can really give it arithmetic problems,
and will tap out the answer with the nails.
So we call experts and researchers
for look at the horse,
and they are fascinated by him
When they test it, they know
who can answer it algebra,
euclidian geometry, calculus,
and even group theory.
But when they put the problem </ p >
who has a cartesian coordinates in it,
horse just stands there,
stupid, like other horses
And I thought, "That's very strange,
considering how smart that horse is."
Then they call one more expert,
who checks the horse, and he knows
what's the problem
So I turned to the president, and I said,
"You know? What is the diagnosis?"
- Sure! It can't understand Cartesian coordinates
because that will put "descartes" in front of the horse. </ P>
Sorry, did really become rhetorical?
- [Grunts] We are all very impressed.
You know, it's tiring
have someone like you indoors,
always with answers
- If anything, what you say is in mind
some morality issues here, since the discussion
has shifted to, I think, a more appropriate arena.
- What do I say Take you everywhere there
- Who cares? - No, I say this
is something I don't think about we have discussed
That isn't immediately handled our system application
as much, you know...
- Play God?
- All right, come on. </ P>
It's more like sabotage, theft,
public secrets, espionage. </ P>
The question is just asking to ask: </ p >
Just because you can do something,
does that mean you have to?
- Hypothesis, why not? What stops someone?
- I don't think anyone is in business
by casually sucking money or secret
There must be a motive. Encouragement.
- Well, this is easy: National security .
- Well, obviously, but if so there is no way to monitor
what you do, are we supposed to believe
that you won't be - I - I don't know,
attacks privacy or -
- what, in unlimited free time?
- How, how did patriot action
Tap the phone without paying?
I mean, let's, this isn't that stretches a lot.
- Is there anyone in this room? using the system
doing something that is not desirable?
Anyone? - what you mean
- The point is that that's all because you can do something,
doesn't mean you will
- No, my intention is simply that there is no one in this room
ever tried to apply the system
- congratulations
You four have enough self-control
not to push a big red button.
The reality is that just because the government
is able to do something
Does not mean that runs it
- 250,000 residents from two cities in Japan
may have different versions history for you
- Oh, suddenly, idealistic
You know, it's very difficult to follow you
I'm not sure whether - - You know, I'm not sure
what am I, but I know this
antagonist attitude, which I'm sure
fear and oppression all your little subordinates
Return to the office, in this place,
it really isn't interesting, well?
- And I'm not sure where you got the idea
anyone was born after 1950
was interested in something < br /> It happened 65 years ago,
though it's still relevant topics -
- Right, like learning something from history
I like a terrible idea? - And everyone in my world
is really interested in taking diplomacy lessons
from math mice
- And no outside your world
has anything smart to add
to a global policy discussion .
- if they are not qualified, not
This comes down to the reality
that our system is now.
We have it-- we have it because
we believe it can protect Our citizens
We have it because we believe that can help create
a more cohesive world order, a more prosperous future
for our children and our children.
- Gentlemen, I think we need to take a step back here -
- Whose son are we talking about about, mine or yours
- We have it because we believe, if needed,
the application < br /> can help restore peace,
allocate money, stop corruption, protect assets,
and finally secure world transactions
You grinned Am I funny
- Yeah, everything is so funny.
Instant evaporation year of promise.
I mean, I'm the only one hearing
I put a lifetime value from research on facts
that this will always live in my world and not yours
- I'm really sorry < br> disappoint you,
but at four years intervention
since this was first discussed in Chicago,
some slight changes has happened globally:
The unprecedented economy the growth of Chinese communists,
who rose radically Russian interest
in nuclear proliferation, North Korea,
constant cyber warfare,
military assets are compromised
and American life is lost at the will of a keystroke!
This is not the world from eisenhower!
This is not the world from machiavelli!
- There's no point-- - let them speak
- Hardy believes is pure mathematics
Overall, is clearly more useful than applied
Look, what's really useful for mathematicians,
and by extension, humanity,
is the basic proof of where
complexity theory - math - based.
This, sir, I-is an abomination.
Deceit, corruption
And Hardy will - < br /> - you're not Hardy
- Right.
He is better.
[Rain falls]
[Faint fainting]
[Unpleasant music]
♪
- Oh no. No no No.
I'm not I'm sorry.
[Stammering] No, I-me -
I'm not
No.
No no... [Hard punch]
[Snore]
No! No! No !
Agh! No!
[Snore]
- [Distorted sounds] Do you have a sign </ p >
- What?
- do you have a sign
- right angle, horizontal, and perpendiculars!
- illusion - [Screaming]
- bind yourself under penalty less than that
have your body disconnected two. </ P>
- No! No! This is not an obligation! </ P>
Agh! </ P>
[Cries]
- Your stomach is taken from there .. .
And your brain is bleeding from all its knowledge.
- [Screaming]
- No, no, no what I said.
Many questions have been discussed today, </ p >
and many of the answers it's just not enough
- I'm sorry, but I personally
came here to give some closing,
and to a certain extent, I feel attacked.
- Right, understand, but this really becomes
an issue responsibility here
In other words, if we nondeterministic processors
are used unfairly, there will be, in the community us,
a substantial record, or should I say an indication,
that there is or all of us is responsible for
for whatever mess -
- Come on, what do you expect?
- I expect protection
- Don't you think the world, the mathematical community,
will have some understanding that is our true intention
for science good? Altruistic -
- Maybe, but passive acceptance of everything -
- already there no there is passive acceptance!
He is attacked by accusing.
- Please stop cutting me!
I just tried to just say
that this is not black and white.
"Oh, they did it for science.
" Very good, child Children, This post-apocalyptic winter
is just what the doctor ordered.
Things became more complicated today
There have been receipts made
- What acceptance?
Gentlemen, please, we turn around here
Understandably, after the achievements you have made,
to feel worried , trust me.
I've been there before with other projects
- What is it like? - Excuse me?
- You said You have seen this before
with other projects - which one?
- What? - Well, as member
of good enough community information,
I want to learn what other projects are done
under your term,
that changes its nature from humanity.
One that makes all inert cryptosystems,
gives whoever it wants < br /> unlimited access
for safe information,
something fundamental is important for time and place
as a discovery of fire.
- Can it be, I am here
from officials, diplomats, kings,
presidents, celebrities, world class athletes.
But none of them can holding a candle for the ego
it's present in the room damn mathematician!
- You obviously don't understand our concerns
- everything < br /> You mathematicians created
will change the course of human history
Level self-absorption -
- I'm trying /> to passively involve something,
But now worrying about how small you seem to understand
what you have here - - modern shaman,
extraordinary peddling.
The world isn't as complex as as you believe it
This split is not so deep as your imagination -
- your simplification careless!
- And to be honest, total tonnage of what I know
and you won't wake up the corpse of his grave!
- Well , we all people who are smart enough
Why don't you enlighten us?
- Because I'm not so care about that a lot
I'm not interested in extending the perspective of
from the intelligentsia. - You said
that was your hope for our system was that possible </ p >
create a more cohesive world order
What does it mean?
- What are you looking for?
- What about some answers ?
- What do you want from me?
[Soft] This meeting is often unpleasant.
[Clearing throat]
You have been paid
Suppose that you are pronounced.
- Sit down.
- [Sniffs]
- I want a document to be compiled
to state the proof p = np belongs to four of us.
You can have a design for the processor,
classify it if you want, But the proof,
is like the original promised, is ours Next -
- I'm not sure where you are Come instruct me
to the damn toilet
- Next, I want a classified addendum
with references to our names. or the application is deleted
- This is not negotiation.
- All right, I suggest you make it one.
- Is that all? will do it, hide it?
Now, I, for one, prefer this technology
licensed to the private sector.
Think about that-- This is the safest way
to avoid what we all fear, which is basically
a monopoly - geopolitically, corporately.
I don't care License to intel.
The license is for amd, anyone
The new nondeterministic processors
will blaze traces for the next generation
privatized scientific progress
Think about that, predicts the structure of the protein
as np-complete - That won't happen
- what doesn't? - What do you suggest
That won't happen. - Why?
- This is something we should be doing long time ago.
- This is more valuable to them if it's kept secret
- Better for all of us.
- I'm sorry. So where are we standing here?
- Well, in response to Dr. horton,
I don't have authority or interest
in changing the agreement,
and deviations from that will be interpreted -
again, by my boss-- as a breach of contract
and generate a foreclosure of future compensation
So I guess the question You have to ask yourself is:
Where do you stand
- [Sighs]
Can any of us understand
the consequences of this...
Only time will tell.
As for me, I am satisfied.
I entered. Give me release
- Okay. </ P>
Come on. Time. </ P>
- I'm good. </ P>
- Good. </ P>
[Setting pen]
- Doctor.
- Professor
- How are you doing?
- Boat against the current.
- In 37 years of mathematical accuracy,
I've been attacked with one constant truth -
that number is always bigger than my mind
This is too complicated for all of us to understand,
even you, doctor
I'm sorry, but I wash my hands from everything .
- Good.
- Admittedly, we all Come a little short today.
None of us might understand
as a result of this proof
History has shown us again and again,
with each generation, the implications of p versus np
grow bigger, so...
That is left to our imagination what does this mean
in 20 years, 50 years, 100.
But none of you - I promise you this -
none of you understands the true power
of what our system can do.
- Oh, for God's sake.
I very fed up with you lowering nonsense, okay?
Overall this "I'm more holy than your attitude
I have to sit for four years last
is sickening
We have been handled fairly. We have agreed to the terms.
Suck it up, sign the paper, and let's get out of here
- Doctor, there are more and are rejected. </ P>
Your objections are sports and have been noted,
but remember, I'm not an enemy. </ P p>
- I have no choice...
- I'm glad you saw it like that
- But to tell you that proof in current state
incomplete
- Oh come on. This doesn't make sense.
- What do you mean, incomplete?
- I mean that it's not extended
for full termination.
Documentation blurs the final calculation class
Processor prophecy has no specificity
I, uh, omit some details in -
- this is an idiot!
There are three other men on this table
that has been searched every aspect -
perseverance! It has been built!
- We still have implementation,
processor.
- This is my design - classification -
- is that your design? Very?
? - What?
- Sorry, what actually do you imply
- My system has the power to turn it off
- sorry, what
- My system has power...
To close ...
Down.
- That's impossible.
- No. - Come on, doctor
Complexity theory, chain.
It's quite a stretch.
- Not very.
Imagine, roughly,
as the form of execution of y2k
Bank security functions on the grid anything will fail
Power network, telecommunications,
company data, everything will be closed, okay?
You see, every the system has in common that -
I'm sorry. You don't believe me
- This is crazy.
Excuse my language, < br /> but you're so stupid.
- Watch now. - The best application,
includes the interface, will allow users
limited access to one unit
- Of course. It's like a military target.
You can't destroy everything, just what on the crosshairs.
- This is more like lock lock - You can only choose
one key at a time.
But to expand to the scope you are talking about
just doesn't make sense - No.
- Oh no? - It's almost sad.
- No, and you know, from the perspective applied,
isn't even it's complicated
You only need a little more imagination.
- [Scoffs] - Say you have a target, okay? </ p >
Bank right?
We all know that excessive security measures
are embedded in it bank framework,
when triggered, immediately close, okay
But images a simultaneous violation on, uh,
at the bank telecommunication network </ p >
All right? This has the same limitations.
It's dead. Now we go in, right?
We have everything vulnerable targets, yeah
- To do what you say will require hacking
an almost impossible complex target array
- Which, I'm sorry, just damn crazy
- Now, currently critical moment,
Imagine a different algorithm introduced,
something that is broken comes out of the reaction
There is nothing at this time </ p >
which can stop it from accessing everything,
paralyzing everything
I mean, I swear to God,
the biggest weakness from the world grid,
I mean everything, is hers own embedded security steps.
- She bully.
- It is impossible this system will work.
No damn maybe!
Practically speaking, We operate on a separate grid
from China or Russia or - - moreover
our power network ancient scada system
is completely independent from the global grid
- All are more vulnerable - What do you say? </ P>
- I said, "Everything is more vulnerable." </ P>
- you are amazing - John -
- No. Do you think you are such a bad person?
You are on the cover of magazine time .
Your damn medal. </ P>
That doesn't make you king
of every room you enter. </ P>
- That's right. - Think only because
Your image is displayed on the textbook page
means you have the power to play -
what you describe is the hacking algorithm
on a scale like nothing has ever done the world.
Actually, the only I can think of replicating
the type of power you talked about
Is the sun shit, okay?
I won the wolf medal < br /> and Abel prizes -
- this is greater than one person
- What is your final game?
- This is a fair question What do you want to get here?
- Time. Only - only-- only a little more time
- For what ? This silly idea?
- I think all of us are enough here
- I don't ask that you believe me </ p >
- And it doesn't matter, do it?
- I ask you to respect what we have done
- Or what? What will you do?
- I'm almost alone responsible for
for the biggest math contribution - time!
All dimensions have been controlled
You can't lock it - No, no, you see,
you are almost fully responsible
for us significant contribution mathematically
Everything you think you can do,
Now I control - you are nothing
So I ask again - this is your threat,
whatever it is, what are you going to do?
- Nothing is wrong I can't
- you are very bad.
- Doctor, this is paranoia.
- But if you go down for you or not,
I will do everything with my strength to make sure
this system never sees daylight
- Well, this is disgusting the screen, and why are you?
- Excuse me? - Why are you risking everything?
- Because that's what's right - I mean, when it's
so much happens for you
International respect
I mean, medal fields .
Career.
Money.
Family.
I mean, isn't that tragic? if something happens
p>
in Temecula, California?
Or their two beautiful children, Samuel and grace?
Parkinson's are being disrupted Uncle Steven in poughkeepsie,
or your parents, Joseph and Marie.
247 Mallard Lane, Westchester, Pennsylvania. </ P>
Marie also didn't get to as before, right? </ P>
And the split rate they lived in
made out of it in case of fire
is quite dangerous
And your father's infidelity has had with his assistant
for 15 years ..
Will destroy your mother's heart, no?
You...
You and you a sad effort </ p >
I fucking yourself you
[Rain falls]
[Faint fainting]
[Unpleasant music]
♪
[Music fades]
[Creaking seat]
- In closing,
mathematics has become a human machine,
the world combustion chamber.
And I think, by the way, it always serves this purpose.
But in it, we can document the beauty of the waltz
or make humanity Most likely
against the oppressive the power of gravity
Mathematics widened a smile, This Distinguishes cultural culture.
This goes beyond geopolitical loyalty .
And that set frequency
to be our hospital. Life support machines
forever go boo-bip, ba-bip, ba-bip.
[Rain falls]
In many ways, mathematics has become
what I always fear and works to limit -
marginalized.
In a wide world, it no longer integrates.
This splits us.
That's why I - I'm different, you know?
This always has become a journey for me
And like every large expedition,
I have gone from the trumpet My findings on the mountaintop
There are no prizes if not shared
Today, maybe more than before,
math is teacher and that is also his student.
[typing]
But, for me, it's the most important application...
Computer games, portable television,
compact disc players, distribution of organic food,
high definition...
Hours hand calculator, radio control,
lasik eye surgery, laser brain editor,
non-invasive arthroscopy...
G5s, c-4, and u-235 class weapons...
Allowed to be made
and heartless artificial intelligence...
Blackberry, iPhone, Facebook, MySpace...
Allowing destruction, manipulation,
and dehumanization.
But why stop now?
Why doesn't it take it further?
[Rain falls]
p>
I mean, uh... Look at the source.