1 00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:03,200 Mount Everest... 2 00:01:03,700 --> 00:01:07,200 Twenty-nine thousand feet... 3 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:12,800 The highest point on Earth... 4 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:15,100 Captivating and deadly. 5 00:01:16,800 --> 00:01:19,700 In the 1920s, to conquer this mountain 6 00:01:19,700 --> 00:01:24,100 was the greatest challenge remaining in a golden age of adventure. 7 00:01:27,500 --> 00:01:30,700 Everest was the edge of heaven, 8 00:01:30,700 --> 00:01:34,600 where many believed no human could survive. 9 00:01:36,700 --> 00:01:39,000 But not George Mallory. 10 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:08,200 "Everest is the last great conquest for man... 11 00:02:08,200 --> 00:02:10,900 The Wildest Dream." 12 00:02:25,500 --> 00:02:29,800 George Mallory dreamed of being the first man to climb Everest. 13 00:02:29,900 --> 00:02:33,100 On June 8, 1924, 14 00:02:33,100 --> 00:02:36,600 dressed in gabardine and hobnailed boots, 15 00:02:36,600 --> 00:02:39,500 he and his fellow climber, Sandy Irvine, 16 00:02:39,600 --> 00:02:42,900 were last seen 800 feet below the summit. 17 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:50,300 Then the clouds rolled in... 18 00:02:50,500 --> 00:02:52,900 They were never seen alive again. 19 00:02:56,000 --> 00:03:02,000 Many believed that almost 30 years before Everest was officially conquered, 20 00:03:02,100 --> 00:03:06,800 George Mallory was the first man to set foot on the top of the world. 21 00:03:32,100 --> 00:03:36,000 Seventy-five years after Mallory and Irvine vanished, 22 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:39,800 mountaineer Conrad Anker took part in an expedition 23 00:03:39,900 --> 00:03:42,800 looking for their bodies high on Everest. 24 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,300 Conrad, come in please. 25 00:03:48,900 --> 00:03:52,100 I'm down at 26,7 - over. 26 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:55,200 Anker struck off on his own. 27 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:58,700 Conrad, you're way below the search zone. 28 00:03:58,700 --> 00:04:00,000 You need to be higher - over. 29 00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:03,200 I was curious. 30 00:04:03,300 --> 00:04:06,600 I stopped, turned around... 31 00:04:06,600 --> 00:04:09,800 and there was a patch of white. 32 00:04:09,900 --> 00:04:13,100 It wasn't snow; it was matte - 33 00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:18,400 a light-absorbing color, like marble. 34 00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:36,100 As I got closer, I realized this was the body 35 00:04:36,200 --> 00:04:38,800 of one of the pioneering English climbers, 36 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:41,100 frozen onto the mountainside. 37 00:04:46,700 --> 00:04:49,100 For a moment I thought... 38 00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:53,900 maybe I can just keep walking and keep it to myself. 39 00:04:58,700 --> 00:05:02,300 But then, that's what we were there for. 40 00:05:07,300 --> 00:05:10,000 Group Meeting. 41 00:05:10,100 --> 00:05:13,000 Mandatory group meeting - over. 42 00:05:37,300 --> 00:05:40,100 Here, wait! This is George Mallory! 43 00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:43,900 Oh, my God! Oh, my God! 44 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,200 You see that? George Mallory. 45 00:05:47,200 --> 00:05:49,100 Oh, my God! 46 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:08,500 George Mallory and I - 47 00:06:08,700 --> 00:06:14,400 our two paths have intersected 75 years apart. 48 00:06:20,300 --> 00:06:27,300 My aunt called me and said in a rather small voice on the phone: 49 00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:32,800 "Suzie, they've found my father's body on Mount Everest." 50 00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:34,900 I was amazed, 51 00:06:34,900 --> 00:06:36,500 I was absolutely shocked. 52 00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:41,000 It was very powerful to know 53 00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:46,000 where my grandfather was and how he died. 54 00:06:49,100 --> 00:06:53,500 He had a compound fracture of his right leg, above the ankle - 55 00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:56,400 fatal on Everest. 56 00:06:56,400 --> 00:07:00,000 His arms were outstretched as if he had tried 57 00:07:00,100 --> 00:07:02,900 to dig his fingers into the side of the mountain. 58 00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:08,300 He was last seen up on the ridge, 59 00:07:08,300 --> 00:07:11,000 heading west for the summit. 60 00:07:11,100 --> 00:07:14,000 But I found him far to the east. 61 00:07:14,100 --> 00:07:16,400 So Mallory was on his way back, 62 00:07:16,400 --> 00:07:19,600 maybe returning from the summit itself. 63 00:07:30,100 --> 00:07:33,900 His sun goggles, vital against the glare from the snow, 64 00:07:34,000 --> 00:07:35,600 were in his pocket. 65 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,100 So it must have been getting dark. 66 00:07:44,200 --> 00:07:48,500 He and Irvine were tied together by a thin cotton rope. 67 00:07:57,300 --> 00:08:02,600 They were tired, absolutely beat, no energy left, 68 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:04,900 minds not functioning clearly. 69 00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:49,100 Mallory crossed his left leg over the broken one 70 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:51,300 to ease the pain. 71 00:08:53,300 --> 00:08:56,000 It was a matter of minutes, 72 00:08:56,000 --> 00:08:59,000 a half hour at the very most, 73 00:08:59,000 --> 00:09:01,100 before he died. 74 00:09:13,500 --> 00:09:15,700 Did Mallory reach the summit 75 00:09:15,900 --> 00:09:20,100 almost three decades before the first official climb? 76 00:09:24,900 --> 00:09:29,400 We discovered many things on his body... 77 00:09:29,500 --> 00:09:35,200 Documents and letters perfectly preserved 75 years later. 78 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:40,400 His wristwatch, rusted in at 10 after 5. 79 00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:44,700 The goggles that were inside of his vest. 80 00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:49,500 An altimeter - the face broken and the hands missing. 81 00:09:51,300 --> 00:09:54,500 But one very significant item was missing: 82 00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,200 The photo of his wife Ruth, 83 00:09:57,200 --> 00:09:59,500 which he'd promised to leave on the summit. 84 00:10:02,300 --> 00:10:03,700 Was the photo missing 85 00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:07,200 because Mallory had reached the summit and placed it there - 86 00:10:07,200 --> 00:10:10,200 the ultimate tribute to his love of Ruth? 87 00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:20,000 He was last seen about 800 feet below the summit, 88 00:10:20,100 --> 00:10:23,400 near the notoriously difficult Second Step. 89 00:10:28,100 --> 00:10:31,600 If Mallory was able to make it to the summit in 1924, 90 00:10:31,700 --> 00:10:35,800 he and Irvine would have had to have climbed this overhanging cliff 91 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:37,700 at about 28,000 feet. 92 00:10:40,300 --> 00:10:44,600 There's never been a confirmed free climb of the Second Step. 93 00:10:44,700 --> 00:10:46,400 Everyone who climbs it today 94 00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:49,100 uses a metal ladder bolted to the rock 95 00:10:49,100 --> 00:10:52,100 by Chinese climbers in 1975. 96 00:10:54,300 --> 00:10:56,500 I want to go back to Everest 97 00:10:56,600 --> 00:10:59,800 to try and climb the Second Step, 98 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:03,400 under the very same conditions Mallory faced. 99 00:11:05,700 --> 00:11:10,700 It was a pure cliff when Mallory and Irvine approached it. 100 00:11:10,700 --> 00:11:12,800 No one had ever been there. 101 00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:16,700 It would have been an incredible feat of climbing 102 00:11:16,700 --> 00:11:18,800 if they had pulled that off. 103 00:11:25,200 --> 00:11:28,800 Adventure, risk... 104 00:11:29,100 --> 00:11:31,400 There are some people that thrive on it, 105 00:11:31,400 --> 00:11:32,800 that seek it out, 106 00:11:33,100 --> 00:11:35,500 they want to push their own limits. 107 00:11:39,100 --> 00:11:41,300 Mallory is one of those people. 108 00:11:49,100 --> 00:11:51,800 Mallory grew up in Cheshire, Northern England. 109 00:11:53,500 --> 00:11:58,200 He made his first fateful climb in Mobberley, his home village. 110 00:12:01,800 --> 00:12:05,300 Mallory's father was a vicar here at this church. 111 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,400 And it was here that the young boy escaped 112 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:18,300 and climbed to the top of the church - age seven. 113 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:20,900 You can imagine that... 114 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:27,900 Finding climbing, it's his true passion in life. 115 00:12:50,300 --> 00:12:52,800 I actually think that some people who climb 116 00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:56,200 are wired a little differently from the rest of us. 117 00:12:56,300 --> 00:12:59,800 My grandfather really didn't feel fear of heights 118 00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:04,900 or precipices or anything like that. 119 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:10,700 He had a way of climbing that was not quite like everyone else's. 120 00:13:10,800 --> 00:13:13,800 His arms and legs would just sort of eat up a mountain 121 00:13:13,900 --> 00:13:17,700 and he would start flowing over it like a wave. 122 00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:26,500 Aged 19, Mallory entered the University of Cambridge 123 00:13:26,600 --> 00:13:29,600 at a time of great cultural upheaval. 124 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,400 When Mallory arrived in Cambridge in 1905 125 00:13:35,500 --> 00:13:38,900 he pitched into this ferment and bubble of ideas, 126 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:43,800 excitement, intellectual, sexual, social, secret societies. 127 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:49,000 He obviously possessed some remarkable charisma, 128 00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:52,300 sort of charmed presence that drew the eye, 129 00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:54,200 compelled the gaze. 130 00:13:58,200 --> 00:14:02,400 "My mind is in a state of constant rebellion. 131 00:14:02,500 --> 00:14:04,900 I believe that will always be so." 132 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:09,800 He was a dreamer... 133 00:14:09,900 --> 00:14:15,300 And he was in Cambridge at a time of great and powerful dreaming. 134 00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:19,300 And eventually that dream took its form in the shape of Everest. 135 00:14:23,600 --> 00:14:26,900 This was the golden age of exploration. 136 00:14:26,900 --> 00:14:29,000 Mallory watched with the rest of the world 137 00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:32,400 as explorers from America, Norway, and Britain 138 00:14:32,400 --> 00:14:35,900 raced first to the North and then the South Pole. 139 00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:44,400 In 1912, Captain Scott, the legendary British adventurer, 140 00:14:44,500 --> 00:14:48,400 died in the attempt to be the first to the South Pole. 141 00:14:48,400 --> 00:14:51,800 Mallory was among those inspired by the tragedy. 142 00:14:53,300 --> 00:14:55,900 Britain is at the waning of the empire at this time. 143 00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:58,800 It is looking for ways to reinvigorate itself. 144 00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:04,000 So attention inevitably turns to Everest as the final possibility - 145 00:15:04,300 --> 00:15:05,600 The Third Pole. 146 00:15:08,800 --> 00:15:13,600 Surveyors had calculated that Everest was the highest mountain in the world. 147 00:15:13,700 --> 00:15:17,400 But no Westerner had ever been within 40 miles. 148 00:15:19,300 --> 00:15:23,400 Mallory became obsessed by a mountain he'd never even seen. 149 00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:28,700 "Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 150 00:15:28,700 --> 00:15:32,300 No man has reached its summit. 151 00:15:32,400 --> 00:15:37,500 "Its existence is a challenge to man's desire to conquer the universe." 152 00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:49,400 Mallory wasn't just enthralled with Everest... 153 00:15:52,300 --> 00:15:56,800 He had also fallen in love with 21-year-old Ruth Turner. 154 00:15:59,400 --> 00:16:02,800 Right from the start, they wrote each other adoring letters. 155 00:16:04,900 --> 00:16:06,600 "My darling," 156 00:16:06,700 --> 00:16:09,000 I'm longing for you. 157 00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:12,600 I would kiss your lips and look into your eyes 158 00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:17,000 and you, you, you all near me and with me, 159 00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:21,300 "strong and glorious and loving and laughing." 160 00:16:22,900 --> 00:16:26,000 "I cannot find words that would be sure 161 00:16:26,100 --> 00:16:28,600 to convey what I feel about you. 162 00:16:28,700 --> 00:16:31,100 What I really want is to know you 163 00:16:31,100 --> 00:16:34,600 and to love you more and more. 164 00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:38,000 "Dearest and most beloved, your loving Ruth." 165 00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:45,400 George and my grandmother Ruth fell madly in love in 1914. 166 00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:46,900 They were both idealists, 167 00:16:46,900 --> 00:16:50,500 really seeing kindred spirits in each other. 168 00:16:50,500 --> 00:16:55,900 They were married three days before the start of World War I. 169 00:16:58,900 --> 00:17:01,800 Mallory enlisted and came face to face 170 00:17:01,800 --> 00:17:03,600 with death once more, 171 00:17:03,700 --> 00:17:05,100 fighting in the Somme, 172 00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:07,600 the bloodiest battle known to man. 173 00:17:11,800 --> 00:17:14,800 "There is no reckoning with death here. 174 00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:18,500 Life presents itself very much to me as a gift." 175 00:17:20,100 --> 00:17:24,200 Mallory had witnessed the mass slaughter of the first World War. 176 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,800 His fellow soldiers, some of them six feet away, 177 00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:30,200 killed by German shelling. 178 00:17:30,400 --> 00:17:33,000 He knew how fragile life was. 179 00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:36,900 And knowing this, he wanted to live it to the fullest. 180 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:39,900 He wanted the ultimate challenge. 181 00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:43,600 And that, in the 20s, was Mount Everest. 182 00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:48,200 Once the war was over, 183 00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:50,900 the Royal Geographical Society in London 184 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:54,600 planned the first-ever expedition to Everest. 185 00:17:57,400 --> 00:18:01,100 They needed Mallory for his supreme climbing skills; 186 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:05,100 He needed their backing to realize his obsession. 187 00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:16,000 When Mallory undertook that first expedition in 1921, 188 00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:20,600 he had to approach Everest through Tibet from the north. 189 00:18:20,600 --> 00:18:24,800 The Nepalese refused to allow access to the easier south side 190 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:29,200 used when Everest was first officially climbed in 1953. 191 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:33,600 After an eight-week journey, 192 00:18:33,600 --> 00:18:36,000 Mallory finally set eyes on the mountain 193 00:18:36,000 --> 00:18:38,100 that had haunted him for so long. 194 00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:46,600 "Like the wildest creation of a dream - Everest!" 195 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:49,000 A rugged giant... 196 00:18:49,100 --> 00:18:52,100 A prodigious white fang... 197 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:55,600 A colossal rock plastered with snow. 198 00:18:55,600 --> 00:18:57,900 From the mountaineer's point of view, 199 00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:01,200 "no more appalling sight could be imagined." 200 00:19:02,900 --> 00:19:04,700 When he first saw Everest, 201 00:19:04,700 --> 00:19:07,900 he describes it really almost as an adversary. 202 00:19:07,900 --> 00:19:11,600 It's very beautiful, but also ugly or frightful, 203 00:19:11,700 --> 00:19:13,600 like an ogre. 204 00:19:18,700 --> 00:19:20,000 There were no maps. 205 00:19:20,100 --> 00:19:22,100 No one knew the terrain there. 206 00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:26,200 And this first trip, the trip of 1921, 207 00:19:26,200 --> 00:19:29,800 it was imperative that the team find the route 208 00:19:29,800 --> 00:19:31,500 that would lead them to the summit. 209 00:19:41,500 --> 00:19:44,000 For months, Mallory led the search, 210 00:19:44,100 --> 00:19:47,000 but the route to the summit eluded him. 211 00:19:52,700 --> 00:19:56,900 Finally, late in August, he found what he was looking for... 212 00:20:09,100 --> 00:20:12,700 An enormous glacial valley that snaked for miles 213 00:20:12,700 --> 00:20:17,200 around the other giant peaks towards the very foot of Everest. 214 00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:31,100 "My dearest Ruth, 215 00:20:31,100 --> 00:20:34,200 We have found our way to the great mountain." 216 00:20:40,600 --> 00:20:46,400 At the end of the valley was a wall of snow and ice 1,000 feet high. 217 00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:50,800 It led up to a crest that Mallory named 'The North Col. ' 218 00:20:57,200 --> 00:20:59,600 And then on to the top of the world. 219 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:07,900 "We have established our way to the summit 220 00:21:07,900 --> 00:21:11,400 for anyone who cares to try the highest adventure." 221 00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:24,400 But the heavy snow that comes with the monsoon each summer 222 00:21:24,700 --> 00:21:27,400 quickly made climbing impossible. 223 00:21:27,700 --> 00:21:29,000 They had to head home. 224 00:21:35,100 --> 00:21:39,900 But within six months, Mallory was back again... 225 00:21:39,900 --> 00:21:44,200 this time with film cameras, to show Everest to the world. 226 00:21:49,700 --> 00:21:52,800 He climbed higher than anyone else before him. 227 00:21:59,700 --> 00:22:01,100 But late in the season, 228 00:22:01,100 --> 00:22:05,000 as Mallory led porters up the mountain, disaster struck. 229 00:22:07,400 --> 00:22:10,100 A great snowfall had come. 230 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:14,800 They got to a delicate place on this massive ice slope 231 00:22:14,800 --> 00:22:16,300 and triggered an avalanche. 232 00:22:35,100 --> 00:22:37,200 "My dearest Ruth," 233 00:22:37,300 --> 00:22:40,200 Seven brave men killed... 234 00:22:40,200 --> 00:22:43,000 and I am to blame. 235 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:45,300 It has happened forever 236 00:22:45,300 --> 00:22:48,400 "and I can do nothing to make it good." 237 00:22:52,100 --> 00:22:55,500 After the avalanche, when George returned to Europe, 238 00:22:55,700 --> 00:22:58,400 he really had no wish to go back to Everest. 239 00:22:58,400 --> 00:23:00,400 He just wanted to get away 240 00:23:00,400 --> 00:23:02,200 from the deprivation and the danger, 241 00:23:02,300 --> 00:23:04,100 and also the memories of that avalanche. 242 00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:14,100 He had been away for a very long period 243 00:23:14,200 --> 00:23:15,900 over two successive years. 244 00:23:15,900 --> 00:23:18,300 He wanted to get back to his wife and his family. 245 00:23:24,000 --> 00:23:26,300 They had three children. 246 00:23:26,300 --> 00:23:30,400 My mother was the second daughter of George Mallory. 247 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:34,500 And at this point, I think, he was really starting 248 00:23:34,500 --> 00:23:38,500 to think about wanting to be home more, 249 00:23:38,800 --> 00:23:40,900 to be with Ruth more, 250 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:45,000 and to address himself to raising the kids. 251 00:23:50,500 --> 00:23:53,400 But a new expedition was being planned... 252 00:23:56,300 --> 00:24:00,200 And Mallory desperately wanted to be part of it - 253 00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:02,300 against Ruth's wishes. 254 00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,100 "I love you and you love me," 255 00:24:06,100 --> 00:24:09,200 and that ought to be happiness enough for a lifetime. 256 00:24:09,300 --> 00:24:11,300 But I do want you. 257 00:24:11,400 --> 00:24:14,100 We want to live together all the time 258 00:24:14,200 --> 00:24:18,300 and share thoughts and joys and sorrows. 259 00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:22,100 "And we can't apart as we can together." 260 00:24:23,300 --> 00:24:27,300 "I am having a horrible time, on a tightrope." 261 00:24:27,400 --> 00:24:29,500 It would be an awful tug going away 262 00:24:29,600 --> 00:24:33,000 instead of settling down here with Ruth. 263 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,600 But it would look rather grim to see others, 264 00:24:35,800 --> 00:24:38,500 "without me, conquering the summit." 265 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:46,900 Mallory clearly loved Ruth very dearly. 266 00:24:46,900 --> 00:24:51,000 She was his sweet, domestic, beloved partner 267 00:24:51,100 --> 00:24:54,400 who represented all that was appealing about home, family, 268 00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:57,000 the flatlands of Cambridge, at sea level. 269 00:24:59,500 --> 00:25:02,400 But Everest represented all that was exciting, 270 00:25:02,500 --> 00:25:04,600 adventurous, visionary, mystical. 271 00:25:07,100 --> 00:25:10,000 His personality was pulled between those two poles. 272 00:25:18,300 --> 00:25:22,100 Early in 1923, the crisis came to a head 273 00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:27,100 when Mallory sailed to America to speak about his Everest adventures. 274 00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:35,300 He was the star turn at the Explorers Club in New York. 275 00:25:36,900 --> 00:25:42,200 I can just imagine the audience on the edge of their seats 276 00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:46,300 as Mallory told them about the biting wind, 277 00:25:46,300 --> 00:25:51,300 the lack of appetite, the fierce cold. 278 00:25:53,900 --> 00:25:57,000 A New York Times journalist asked the question, 279 00:25:57,100 --> 00:26:00,200 "Why climb Everest?" 280 00:26:00,300 --> 00:26:03,200 Mallory gave his legendary reply... 281 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,300 "Because it's there." 282 00:26:17,100 --> 00:26:21,400 Three words that have probably become more famous than Mallory himself, 283 00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:25,600 suggests a sort of fatalism bubbling away in Mallory. 284 00:26:25,600 --> 00:26:29,200 The mountain remains, it's unclimbed, 285 00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:32,600 and so the quest remains. 286 00:26:32,600 --> 00:26:35,600 And he is the man who is locked into 287 00:26:35,600 --> 00:26:38,400 this almost fairytale relationship with the mountain. 288 00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:42,500 He's been twice and he must go back for the third time. 289 00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:52,400 I think that the idea that someone else would build on his progress 290 00:26:52,400 --> 00:26:56,500 and get to the summit on his shoulders was quite difficult for him to accept. 291 00:26:56,500 --> 00:27:00,100 It was, after all, his route and his mountain. 292 00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:04,100 It is actually a surprisingly selfish thing for someone like Mallory to experience. 293 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:08,200 But then mountaineers all do have this kind of element of selfishness deep down. 294 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:16,800 Aged 38, 295 00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:19,600 this was Mallory's last chance to conquer the mountain. 296 00:27:38,100 --> 00:27:41,100 Conrad Anker will follow Mallory's footsteps, 297 00:27:41,200 --> 00:27:43,500 leading his own expedition to Everest 298 00:27:43,600 --> 00:27:45,100 and the Second Step. 299 00:27:49,700 --> 00:27:53,700 During his climb, Conrad plans to test clothes and boots 300 00:27:53,700 --> 00:27:56,400 modeled on those he found on Mallory's body. 301 00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:03,700 Using this replica clothing, 302 00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:06,300 I'm going to have this chance to go back and see 303 00:28:06,300 --> 00:28:10,400 what it was like for Mallory to try climbing Everest in 1924. 304 00:28:16,500 --> 00:28:19,200 But like Mallory, Conrad is torn between 305 00:28:19,200 --> 00:28:22,200 his passion for Everest and his love for his family. 306 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:26,400 My family's anxious about this trip. 307 00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:28,800 I'm going to Everest... 308 00:28:29,100 --> 00:28:31,300 It's a deadly mountain. 309 00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:32,800 What's it worth? 310 00:28:33,100 --> 00:28:35,400 Is it worth leaving your kids behind? 311 00:28:35,500 --> 00:28:37,600 Why are you going to this mountain? 312 00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:39,600 Are you going to be safe? 313 00:28:39,700 --> 00:28:41,800 You know I love you. 314 00:28:42,100 --> 00:28:43,700 And I can see there, 315 00:28:43,800 --> 00:28:46,700 as I was trying to rationalize it to my wife and children 316 00:28:46,700 --> 00:28:49,900 that it's a safe thing and it's a fine thing to go on Everest 317 00:28:50,100 --> 00:28:51,500 and it's a noble thing, 318 00:28:51,500 --> 00:28:55,500 that these were the same answers Mallory had for Ruth. 319 00:28:57,100 --> 00:29:01,200 I know what it's like to be the wife of a climber. 320 00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:03,400 And I know what it's like to be 321 00:29:03,400 --> 00:29:05,500 the wife of a climber who doesn't come home. 322 00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:10,100 Jennifer was previously married 323 00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:14,300 to one of America's finest mountaineers, Alex Lowe, 324 00:29:14,300 --> 00:29:17,500 Conrad's climbing partner and closest friend. 325 00:29:20,300 --> 00:29:23,400 Just a few months after finding Mallory's body, 326 00:29:23,400 --> 00:29:27,500 Conrad was climbing with Alex when the mountains claimed another life. 327 00:29:29,300 --> 00:29:31,200 An avalanche struck Alex and I 328 00:29:31,300 --> 00:29:33,500 as we were climbing in the Himalayas. 329 00:29:33,500 --> 00:29:37,400 He died and I was three feet away from him. 330 00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:44,600 You could look at him and tell that he was burdened 331 00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:48,400 with this world of guilt and grief, 332 00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:52,300 that somehow he could have prevented Alex's death. 333 00:29:55,900 --> 00:29:58,300 In the aftermath of this tragedy, 334 00:29:58,300 --> 00:29:59,900 we communicated with each other 335 00:29:59,900 --> 00:30:03,900 and eventually we grew to fall in love. 336 00:30:03,900 --> 00:30:06,900 It wasn't just Jennifer that my love grew for, 337 00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:08,800 it was also the boys. 338 00:30:10,500 --> 00:30:14,300 Jennifer must really like climbers to willingly bring me into her life 339 00:30:14,300 --> 00:30:16,800 and then marry and have me adopt the boys, 340 00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:19,800 because she knows it's downright dangerous work. 341 00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:25,900 Boys, look what I found downstairs. 342 00:30:25,900 --> 00:30:29,700 - Wow! - Good God! 343 00:30:30,500 --> 00:30:32,200 Is this my Halloween costume 344 00:30:32,300 --> 00:30:34,600 or is this what I'm going up Everest in? 345 00:30:34,700 --> 00:30:37,400 - You guys are laughing. - You look like Inspector Gadget. 346 00:30:37,500 --> 00:30:39,000 You're supposed to take me serious. 347 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:40,600 Mom can appreciate it. 348 00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:42,500 It's amazing to think of those guys 349 00:30:42,500 --> 00:30:45,200 going for the summit in clothing like that. 350 00:30:47,300 --> 00:30:49,400 Would you climb Everest in that suit? 351 00:30:49,400 --> 00:30:51,700 - No. - What would you wear? 352 00:30:51,800 --> 00:30:53,700 I wouldn't climb Everest. 353 00:31:12,300 --> 00:31:14,200 Before climbing Everest, 354 00:31:14,300 --> 00:31:17,900 Mallory had to choose his climbing partner. 355 00:31:17,900 --> 00:31:22,700 Among the candidates was a 21-year-old chemistry student, 356 00:31:22,800 --> 00:31:27,000 Andrew 'Sandy' Irvine - a mountaineering novice. 357 00:31:30,300 --> 00:31:32,800 My great uncle Sandy Irvine took life by the horns, 358 00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:35,400 and if there was an opportunity that presented itself to him 359 00:31:35,500 --> 00:31:36,900 he would take it. 360 00:31:36,900 --> 00:31:39,400 He loved the theater, he loved cars, 361 00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:41,300 and above all he loved women. 362 00:31:41,300 --> 00:31:43,600 And he had this very indiscreet love affair 363 00:31:43,700 --> 00:31:46,600 with his best friend's step-mother. 364 00:31:46,700 --> 00:31:49,400 It was a terrible scandal. 365 00:31:52,700 --> 00:31:57,000 But Sandy Irvine was first and foremost an oarsman. 366 00:31:57,300 --> 00:32:00,300 And when he got to Oxford he was selected to take part 367 00:32:00,300 --> 00:32:02,500 in the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race. 368 00:32:04,600 --> 00:32:08,500 The annual boat race was the most prestigious sporting event of the day. 369 00:32:17,600 --> 00:32:19,100 They were victorious. 370 00:32:19,300 --> 00:32:21,500 And what Mallory saw in Sandy 371 00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:24,800 was this extraordinary ability that great oarsmen have, 372 00:32:24,800 --> 00:32:26,800 which is to row through pain, 373 00:32:26,900 --> 00:32:31,800 to push himself almost beyond normal human limit. 374 00:32:33,900 --> 00:32:37,100 But there was another reason for choosing Irvine. 375 00:32:37,300 --> 00:32:39,100 Mallory needed someone technical 376 00:32:39,300 --> 00:32:43,300 to master the oxygen equipment vital at high altitude. 377 00:32:43,400 --> 00:32:46,600 And unlike Mallory, Irvine was very practical. 378 00:32:47,900 --> 00:32:50,600 Sandy asked the Mount Everest committee 379 00:32:50,600 --> 00:32:54,400 to send him a 1922 set, plus the drawings. 380 00:32:54,500 --> 00:32:57,600 And he spent hours and hours in his rooms in Oxford 381 00:32:57,600 --> 00:32:59,800 trying to make it serviceable, 382 00:32:59,900 --> 00:33:03,800 trying to make it lighter, stronger and less fragile, 383 00:33:03,900 --> 00:33:08,000 so that the climbers could use it with greater confidence. 384 00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:12,500 And so the fact that Sandy was so practical with the apparatus, 385 00:33:12,500 --> 00:33:14,900 I think, made it quite clear in Mallory's mind 386 00:33:14,900 --> 00:33:17,900 that he was a useful man to have climbing with him. 387 00:33:26,800 --> 00:33:28,900 Conrad Anker has also chosen 388 00:33:28,900 --> 00:33:32,900 a young Englishman as his climbing partner - Leo Houlding. 389 00:33:32,900 --> 00:33:37,000 Like Irvine, Leo is young, strong, a natural athlete 390 00:33:37,100 --> 00:33:39,400 and has never climbed at high altitude. 391 00:33:40,800 --> 00:33:43,000 The 90-feet high Second Step 392 00:33:43,100 --> 00:33:45,800 will be a dangerous venture into the unknown. 393 00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:53,100 I'm definitely concerned about the altitude 394 00:33:53,100 --> 00:33:54,800 and the acclimatization process, 395 00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:57,600 just because I've never been high enough before 396 00:33:57,700 --> 00:33:59,200 to know whether, you know, 397 00:33:59,400 --> 00:34:02,200 I might be one of those people that it doesn't gel with. 398 00:34:05,700 --> 00:34:07,500 I don't want to let Conrad down 399 00:34:07,500 --> 00:34:09,900 and I'm sure Irvine felt some of that pressure. 400 00:34:50,900 --> 00:34:55,800 Leo's never been to altitude, this unknown. 401 00:34:55,900 --> 00:35:00,200 And you can't walk into a hospital and take a test 402 00:35:00,500 --> 00:35:03,800 that will come back and say, oh, you'll do well at altitude. 403 00:35:03,900 --> 00:35:05,200 Some people do really well. 404 00:35:05,500 --> 00:35:07,100 But I've seen fit people 405 00:35:07,100 --> 00:35:09,800 doubled over and with splitting headaches. 406 00:35:17,100 --> 00:35:20,700 Being invited to climb the highest mountain in the world with Conrad, 407 00:35:20,800 --> 00:35:23,000 one of the best climbers in his generation, 408 00:35:23,000 --> 00:35:24,900 is such a privilege. 409 00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:28,300 For Irvine, being invited to climb with George Mallory, 410 00:35:28,500 --> 00:35:31,500 the best climber of his generation, on the unclimbed Mount Everest - 411 00:35:31,600 --> 00:35:33,500 I just can't imagine how he must have felt. 412 00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:39,600 "I am walking on metaphorical air." 413 00:35:39,600 --> 00:35:44,000 We shall go all out for the summit. 414 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:48,700 If I have to die, then there would be no finer death 415 00:35:48,800 --> 00:35:51,600 "than in an attempt to conquer Everest." 416 00:35:55,200 --> 00:36:00,700 On February 29, 1924, Mallory set sail from Liverpool, 417 00:36:00,800 --> 00:36:03,300 after making Ruth a solemn promise. 418 00:36:04,500 --> 00:36:07,300 As my grandfather was leaving England 419 00:36:07,500 --> 00:36:09,300 and leaving my grandmother, 420 00:36:09,500 --> 00:36:13,700 he told her that he would leave a photograph of her 421 00:36:13,700 --> 00:36:16,700 at the top of Mount Everest. 422 00:36:16,700 --> 00:36:20,600 And I think he was pretty confident that he would get there 423 00:36:20,700 --> 00:36:23,600 and that he would leave that photograph. 424 00:36:26,900 --> 00:36:29,100 With the eyes of the world upon them, 425 00:36:29,100 --> 00:36:33,100 Mallory and Irvine set out on the three-week voyage for India. 426 00:36:46,900 --> 00:36:51,900 Late that March, their convoy began its 350-mile trek. 427 00:37:08,900 --> 00:37:11,400 Five thousand miles apart, 428 00:37:11,600 --> 00:37:15,400 Mallory and Ruth wrote to each other frequently. 429 00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:18,700 Couriers carried their letters across the world, 430 00:37:18,700 --> 00:37:21,600 and after the months of tension they had gone through, 431 00:37:21,600 --> 00:37:23,300 he and Ruth made up. 432 00:37:24,600 --> 00:37:28,000 "I do miss you a lot." 433 00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:32,600 I know I have rather often been cross and not nice, 434 00:37:32,700 --> 00:37:34,800 and I am very sorry. 435 00:37:34,900 --> 00:37:38,000 I was unhappy at getting so little of you. 436 00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:41,800 Very, very much love to you, my dear one, 437 00:37:41,800 --> 00:37:43,600 "Your loving Ruth." 438 00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:49,600 "Dearest one," 439 00:37:49,700 --> 00:37:53,000 We went through a difficult time together in the autumn. 440 00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:56,300 Your letters bring you much nearer. 441 00:37:56,300 --> 00:37:58,900 "I wish I had you with me." 442 00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:04,900 We can think of the relationship between Mallory, Everest and Ruth 443 00:38:04,900 --> 00:38:06,800 as a kind of love triangle. 444 00:38:06,900 --> 00:38:10,200 When he was at home with Ruth he was dreaming of Everest. 445 00:38:10,200 --> 00:38:12,900 When he was away with Everest he was dreaming of Ruth - 446 00:38:12,900 --> 00:38:16,400 until a certain point, until he got sufficiently close to the mountain 447 00:38:16,700 --> 00:38:19,000 that it cast its spell over him. 448 00:38:35,800 --> 00:38:39,800 The convoy of 300 pack animals and 70 porters 449 00:38:39,900 --> 00:38:42,200 journeyed through Tibet. 450 00:38:43,800 --> 00:38:48,200 Provisions included four cases of Montebello Champagne 451 00:38:48,200 --> 00:38:51,200 and 60 tins of quail and foie gras. 452 00:38:54,300 --> 00:38:58,200 On April 25th, 17,000 feet up, 453 00:38:58,300 --> 00:39:01,300 they reached the last pass before Everest - 454 00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:02,900 Pang La. 455 00:39:13,900 --> 00:39:15,100 The Pang-La is the pass 456 00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:18,200 where you get the first stunning view of Everest, right? 457 00:39:18,300 --> 00:39:20,200 Yeah, and it's this vista. 458 00:39:20,200 --> 00:39:23,200 You've got five of the world's highest peaks in one view. 459 00:39:38,300 --> 00:39:39,900 That's Everest. 460 00:39:44,000 --> 00:39:45,100 Wow. 461 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:55,000 It's so much bigger than all the other ones, isn't it? 462 00:39:55,100 --> 00:39:56,300 Yeah. 463 00:39:57,900 --> 00:40:01,400 It's really special that we haven't had any sign of the mountain, 464 00:40:01,400 --> 00:40:03,400 and then you drive up to this high pass 465 00:40:03,400 --> 00:40:06,900 and then she just reveals herself in all her glory... 466 00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:09,300 you know, Chomolungma, Mother Goddess of the Earth, 467 00:40:09,400 --> 00:40:11,000 the mountain we call Everest. 468 00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:12,500 Just... bang! 469 00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:24,300 This wonderful photograph, taken on the 26th of April, 1924, 470 00:40:24,300 --> 00:40:26,100 is pretty amazing. 471 00:40:26,100 --> 00:40:30,000 See Everest there, there's Mallory, Irvine, 472 00:40:30,100 --> 00:40:33,500 a couple of their Sherpas they had with them and their pony. 473 00:40:35,200 --> 00:40:37,900 This is almost exactly the same spot, right? 474 00:40:37,900 --> 00:40:39,100 Pretty close. 475 00:40:39,100 --> 00:40:41,600 And they spent three weeks trekking on the plateau 476 00:40:41,800 --> 00:40:45,200 to get to this point, to be able to see it. 477 00:40:45,200 --> 00:40:47,600 And they were on their feet, they'd walked every day. 478 00:40:47,800 --> 00:40:50,800 I mean, you think for us to get here we've been in a Jeep. 479 00:40:57,200 --> 00:41:00,100 On April 29th, Mallory and Irvine 480 00:41:00,100 --> 00:41:04,000 set up their center of operations - Base Camp - 481 00:41:04,000 --> 00:41:05,900 12 miles from the summit. 482 00:41:21,200 --> 00:41:25,200 Like Mallory, Conrad will rely heavily on Sherpa porters, 483 00:41:25,300 --> 00:41:28,100 accustomed to high altitude. 484 00:41:28,100 --> 00:41:31,200 But this is a still a dangerous mountain. 485 00:41:31,300 --> 00:41:35,500 Over 200 people have died here - among them, many Sherpas. 486 00:41:36,300 --> 00:41:38,400 Well, most important is safety. 487 00:41:38,400 --> 00:41:43,600 Ten fingers, ten toes, one nose, all come back... 488 00:41:43,900 --> 00:41:46,500 - Two eyes! - Yes, two eyes! 489 00:41:48,300 --> 00:41:51,500 And if you see something with us, if we look sick, 490 00:41:51,500 --> 00:41:55,500 then you tell us and say, "Go down!" 491 00:42:25,300 --> 00:42:27,400 Before one embarks on an expedition, 492 00:42:27,400 --> 00:42:32,100 it's customary to have a puja, which is a blessing ceremony. 493 00:42:32,100 --> 00:42:36,100 As Chomolungma is Mother Goddess of the Earth, 494 00:42:36,200 --> 00:42:41,700 the mountain is a deity for the Tibetans and the Sherpas. 495 00:42:41,900 --> 00:42:45,300 Safe passage depends upon having a good puja. 496 00:43:10,200 --> 00:43:12,200 Ho! 497 00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:18,700 Good luck, everybody! 498 00:43:21,500 --> 00:43:22,700 Lots of luck. 499 00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,400 The Monks from the ancient monastery nearby 500 00:43:34,400 --> 00:43:36,700 gave Mallory a very mixed welcome 501 00:43:36,700 --> 00:43:40,300 when he approached their sacred mountain, Chomolungma. 502 00:43:55,300 --> 00:43:58,800 It was 83 years ago on this day, May 15th, 503 00:43:59,000 --> 00:44:01,200 that Mallory and his team came here 504 00:44:01,300 --> 00:44:03,400 for a blessing from the lama. 505 00:44:11,400 --> 00:44:15,000 The head lama welcomed the strange white climbers, 506 00:44:15,100 --> 00:44:17,600 but it was an ominous encounter. 507 00:44:23,400 --> 00:44:25,200 Along with the blessing, 508 00:44:25,200 --> 00:44:29,500 the lama had a very stern warning for the expedition. 509 00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:31,800 He spoke of disaster to come, 510 00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:34,300 prophesying that the mountain's demons 511 00:44:34,400 --> 00:44:37,500 would delight in forcing the climbers off Everest. 512 00:44:40,600 --> 00:44:43,700 The monks had even created an illustration, 513 00:44:43,700 --> 00:44:45,700 a very gruesome one, 514 00:44:45,700 --> 00:44:49,200 of the Gods disemboweling a western man 515 00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:51,300 and pitching him into hell. 516 00:44:53,500 --> 00:44:55,800 It must have been a terrifying moment for Mallory. 517 00:44:56,100 --> 00:44:58,400 He was not a superstitious man, but I think it would have been 518 00:44:58,500 --> 00:45:02,700 hard to be in that landscape at that time on the third expedition 519 00:45:03,400 --> 00:45:06,000 And not feel the atmosphere to be saturated 520 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:10,200 with signs and portent and hints and forebodings. 521 00:45:16,400 --> 00:45:18,200 Despite the bad omens, 522 00:45:18,300 --> 00:45:22,100 Mallory hoped that this time he'd summit the mountain. 523 00:45:24,000 --> 00:45:25,900 The weather was good. 524 00:45:25,900 --> 00:45:29,100 He planned to reach the top of Everest by mid-May, 525 00:45:29,100 --> 00:45:31,800 to beat the snows that came with the monsoon. 526 00:45:45,100 --> 00:45:50,300 On May 2, 1924, the giant convoy of climbers and porters 527 00:45:50,300 --> 00:45:52,900 made its way out of Base Camp. 528 00:46:04,100 --> 00:46:06,000 "My dearest Ruth, 529 00:46:06,100 --> 00:46:11,400 The thought of you will be present in the most important decisions... 530 00:46:11,500 --> 00:46:14,200 I am eager for the great events to begin." 531 00:46:18,900 --> 00:46:23,200 Mallory realized that the way to attack Everest 532 00:46:23,200 --> 00:46:28,300 was a series of camps, almost militaristic in style. 533 00:46:28,400 --> 00:46:32,100 You go some way up, then come back down, 534 00:46:32,100 --> 00:46:35,900 recuperate, and then move back up. 535 00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:38,200 It's how you acclimatize. 536 00:46:38,200 --> 00:46:40,200 He pioneered this technique, 537 00:46:40,200 --> 00:46:44,300 and it's the one we still use on Everest today. 538 00:47:05,000 --> 00:47:07,500 Conrad and Leo follow Mallory's route 539 00:47:07,500 --> 00:47:11,600 through a forest of ice pinnacles, up to Camp 3. 540 00:47:27,500 --> 00:47:32,400 You definitely can't cheat or hide from altitude and acclimatization. 541 00:47:32,500 --> 00:47:34,600 It just makes everything really hard work. 542 00:47:37,400 --> 00:47:39,700 - This is it, Leo. - Finally. 543 00:47:39,900 --> 00:47:42,100 Camp 3 for 1924. 544 00:47:45,900 --> 00:47:51,600 At Camp 3, altitude really begins to show its nasty side effects. 545 00:47:51,600 --> 00:47:56,300 With each breath you're getting fewer molecules of oxygen in. 546 00:47:56,300 --> 00:47:57,500 It's insidious. 547 00:47:57,500 --> 00:47:59,300 You lose your appetite, 548 00:47:59,400 --> 00:48:01,400 you have splitting headaches, 549 00:48:01,400 --> 00:48:06,300 you have a difficult time just doing the simplest of tasks. 550 00:48:06,300 --> 00:48:11,500 And yet 9,000 feet above you, the summit of Everest, 551 00:48:11,500 --> 00:48:13,000 and it's calling you. 552 00:48:26,600 --> 00:48:29,300 Somewhere above their Camp 2, 553 00:48:29,300 --> 00:48:34,400 Mallory and Irvine experienced their first bout of bad weather. 554 00:48:34,400 --> 00:48:37,300 A storm came in, the temperatures plummeted, 555 00:48:37,300 --> 00:48:40,400 and Mallory realized it wasn't going to be 556 00:48:40,500 --> 00:48:42,700 easy street up to the summit of Everest. 557 00:48:45,400 --> 00:48:47,500 "My dearest girl, 558 00:48:47,500 --> 00:48:53,600 I was acting as a lone horse and arrived first in Camp 3. 559 00:48:53,600 --> 00:48:59,700 The glacier is everywhere beneath the stones... 560 00:48:59,700 --> 00:49:03,500 My boots were frozen hard on my feet. 561 00:49:03,600 --> 00:49:09,200 I was a good deal depressed by the situation... 562 00:49:09,300 --> 00:49:12,000 I love you always, dear one." 563 00:49:16,200 --> 00:49:17,300 Shall we try it on? 564 00:49:17,400 --> 00:49:21,600 Yeah, I'm pretty keen to see how this stuff works. 565 00:49:21,600 --> 00:49:23,000 Check this out. 566 00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:29,400 Can you imagine climbing up with these things? 567 00:49:29,400 --> 00:49:30,700 They're something else. 568 00:49:32,400 --> 00:49:35,000 So I've got every layer on here. 569 00:49:35,000 --> 00:49:37,100 Mallory and Irvine had seven layers on 570 00:49:37,100 --> 00:49:39,500 when they went for the summit in '24. 571 00:49:39,500 --> 00:49:43,200 But the big difference is here, in the footwear. 572 00:49:43,300 --> 00:49:47,100 I tell you, the rest of this outfit seems pretty good. 573 00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:50,100 But compared to the boots that we wear these days, 574 00:49:50,100 --> 00:49:53,500 these things look decidedly, you know, inappropriate. 575 00:49:58,800 --> 00:50:02,700 Wearing hobnailed boot and gabardine jackets, 576 00:50:02,700 --> 00:50:05,300 Conrad and Leo venture onto the mountain. 577 00:50:08,400 --> 00:50:11,200 We were right near the spot 578 00:50:11,200 --> 00:50:16,300 where seven of Mallory's porters lost their lives in the avalanche. 579 00:50:16,300 --> 00:50:18,800 But as in 1924, 580 00:50:19,100 --> 00:50:23,300 we were just bound together by a thin cotton rope. 581 00:50:31,500 --> 00:50:33,500 Using Mallory's technique, 582 00:50:33,500 --> 00:50:36,600 Conrad cuts steps into the steep ice slope. 583 00:50:40,600 --> 00:50:42,400 This is real mountain terrain. 584 00:50:42,500 --> 00:50:43,600 I mean, if you lose your footing 585 00:50:43,700 --> 00:50:46,200 you'll fall down 1,000 feet to the base of it. 586 00:50:46,200 --> 00:50:48,200 And we need to start being careful now, 587 00:50:48,300 --> 00:50:51,600 there's crevasses, there's danger of avalanche. 588 00:50:53,700 --> 00:50:55,800 When you stand on the edge of a crevasse, 589 00:50:56,100 --> 00:50:59,200 you just see this slot disappearing down into the glacier, 590 00:50:59,200 --> 00:51:00,900 hundreds of feet deep. 591 00:51:01,100 --> 00:51:03,700 But the dangerous ones are the ones that you can't see. 592 00:51:03,800 --> 00:51:06,600 You can be walking across a snow bridge just a few feet thick 593 00:51:06,700 --> 00:51:09,600 and fall through it to certain death. 594 00:51:10,400 --> 00:51:13,300 - Yikes, she's deep, isn't she? - Yeah. 595 00:51:17,400 --> 00:51:19,300 I'm right at the bridge! 596 00:51:20,100 --> 00:51:21,300 Ten feet of rope! 597 00:51:22,600 --> 00:51:24,300 Be careful, my friend. 598 00:51:40,700 --> 00:51:45,200 It's phenomenal that they were able to get to 28,000 feet 599 00:51:45,200 --> 00:51:48,300 in what I would basically call 600 00:51:48,300 --> 00:51:51,300 clothing you'd walk through the forest. 601 00:51:55,300 --> 00:51:56,900 Good job, Leo. 602 00:51:57,100 --> 00:51:59,500 No... Good job Conrad. 603 00:52:02,400 --> 00:52:03,800 Ohhh... 604 00:52:03,800 --> 00:52:05,500 I'm knackered! 605 00:52:11,600 --> 00:52:16,500 In 1924, Mallory's team were pinned down by weather so severe 606 00:52:16,600 --> 00:52:19,300 Sandy Irvine feared for his life. 607 00:52:20,500 --> 00:52:22,700 "May 10th... 608 00:52:22,700 --> 00:52:26,400 Had a terrible night with wind and snow. 609 00:52:26,500 --> 00:52:29,400 I don't know how the tent stood it. 610 00:52:29,400 --> 00:52:31,300 Very little sleep, 611 00:52:31,300 --> 00:52:35,800 and about two inches of snow over everything in the tent. 612 00:52:35,900 --> 00:52:38,300 Awful headache this morning." 613 00:52:40,300 --> 00:52:43,600 Irvine was suffering from altitude sickness. 614 00:52:43,600 --> 00:52:48,800 His role as Mallory's climbing partner was now in doubt. 615 00:52:48,900 --> 00:52:53,700 The harsh conditions forced the entire team back down to Base Camp. 616 00:52:56,700 --> 00:52:58,400 When they arrived there 617 00:52:58,400 --> 00:53:01,700 they found that two of the staff were dead. 618 00:53:01,700 --> 00:53:04,000 Instead of preparing for a summit bid 619 00:53:04,200 --> 00:53:06,000 they were burying people in Base Camp. 620 00:53:06,200 --> 00:53:09,800 It must have been quite strange for Irvine to come to terms with that. 621 00:53:12,600 --> 00:53:16,200 "One of our NCOs suddenly got paralysis, 622 00:53:16,300 --> 00:53:20,900 probably due to a clot on the brain from frostbitten fingers. 623 00:53:20,900 --> 00:53:25,300 The poor fellow died within half a mile of Base Camp." 624 00:53:28,200 --> 00:53:32,000 Meanwhile, Mallory planned another dangerous summit bid. 625 00:53:34,800 --> 00:53:38,300 But he allowed no sign of the team's suffering to show 626 00:53:38,400 --> 00:53:40,900 in a letter to his eldest daughter, Clare. 627 00:53:43,600 --> 00:53:44,800 "My darling, 628 00:53:44,800 --> 00:53:48,800 There is not much wind today, so it is nice and warm. 629 00:53:48,800 --> 00:53:51,600 Now tea has come and for the first time 630 00:53:51,600 --> 00:53:55,500 since I don't know when, cake. 631 00:53:55,500 --> 00:53:59,400 Shall we have a little tea party together one day in August, 632 00:53:59,400 --> 00:54:04,800 with a flat, warm squidgy cake and nothing else? 633 00:54:04,800 --> 00:54:07,000 Haven't you got a greedy Daddy! 634 00:54:13,600 --> 00:54:15,900 It was already mid-May. 635 00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:18,400 And soon, the snows would come. 636 00:54:19,700 --> 00:54:23,100 The monsoon arrives early June every year. 637 00:54:23,300 --> 00:54:25,300 It releases a tremendous amount of snow. 638 00:54:26,300 --> 00:54:27,900 Climbing is impossible. 639 00:54:45,600 --> 00:54:49,700 We had the same challenge as Mallory in 1924. 640 00:54:49,800 --> 00:54:52,400 We were there late in the season. 641 00:54:52,500 --> 00:54:55,600 If we didn't get up the mountain before the monsoon hit 642 00:54:55,600 --> 00:54:57,900 we'd be in very serious trouble. 643 00:55:05,800 --> 00:55:08,400 Over 22,000 feet up, 644 00:55:08,500 --> 00:55:11,900 Conrad and Leo start the ascent of Everest itself. 645 00:55:16,900 --> 00:55:20,900 They are on one of the most treacherous parts of the mountain - 646 00:55:20,900 --> 00:55:25,700 the giant wall of ice and snow that leads up to the North Col, 647 00:55:25,800 --> 00:55:27,600 the launchpad to the summit. 648 00:55:56,800 --> 00:56:01,100 Despite all the modern equipment, the altitude hits Leo hard. 649 00:56:02,900 --> 00:56:05,600 This is the first time I've ever been to this altitude, 650 00:56:05,700 --> 00:56:11,200 and you move so desperately slowly, it's unreal, you just can't believe. 651 00:56:11,400 --> 00:56:13,600 You take two steps and you're completely out of breath, 652 00:56:13,700 --> 00:56:15,800 and I'm sure it's going to get worse as we get up. 653 00:56:33,600 --> 00:56:36,500 With hobnailed boots and no guide-ropes, 654 00:56:36,600 --> 00:56:39,600 Mallory led the assault on the North Col, 655 00:56:39,600 --> 00:56:44,000 cutting steps into what he called 'its great battlements of ice. ' 656 00:56:46,600 --> 00:56:49,200 "The North Col was a triumph. 657 00:56:49,400 --> 00:56:54,400 I enjoyed the conquest of the ice wall and making the steps. 658 00:56:54,500 --> 00:56:57,800 Afterwards I was practically bust to the world." 659 00:56:59,700 --> 00:57:01,700 Looking back down the valley, 660 00:57:01,700 --> 00:57:06,600 he was already higher than the greatest peaks in Europe or America. 661 00:57:06,600 --> 00:57:10,500 But the summit was still 6,000 feet above. 662 00:57:21,600 --> 00:57:25,800 Here on the Col, Mallory set up his bridgehead to Everest - 663 00:57:25,900 --> 00:57:28,600 Camp 4. 664 00:57:28,600 --> 00:57:32,100 He planned higher camps further up the mountain. 665 00:57:32,200 --> 00:57:35,800 These would take him within striking distance of the summit. 666 00:57:37,800 --> 00:57:41,500 Mallory had a cough that wouldn't go away, 667 00:57:41,500 --> 00:57:45,000 Irvine was suffering from diarrhea, 668 00:57:45,000 --> 00:57:47,000 and the cold never left them. 669 00:57:52,600 --> 00:57:54,300 "My dearest Ruth, 670 00:57:54,500 --> 00:57:55,900 I couldn't sleep, 671 00:57:56,000 --> 00:58:00,600 distressed with bursts of coughing fit to tear one's guts. 672 00:58:00,600 --> 00:58:03,600 Fierce squalls visited our tents and shook them 673 00:58:03,600 --> 00:58:07,900 with the disagreeable threat of tearing them away from their moorings. 674 00:58:07,900 --> 00:58:11,800 There was never a more determined and bitter enemy." 675 00:58:17,500 --> 00:58:19,300 Twenty-three thousand feet up, 676 00:58:19,500 --> 00:58:23,200 Conrad and Leo test out Mallory's gear one last time. 677 00:58:24,800 --> 00:58:29,500 Suddenly, temperatures plummet to 20 below freezing. 678 00:58:29,600 --> 00:58:31,300 They're in severe danger of frostbite. 679 00:58:42,200 --> 00:58:43,900 Thank you, Mingma. 680 00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:44,900 No problem. 681 00:58:53,200 --> 00:58:56,900 I can't imagine going to 8,500 meters in these boots. 682 00:58:59,200 --> 00:59:01,300 Which is my theory, 683 00:59:01,600 --> 00:59:05,900 that if those guys were moving they were okay... 684 00:59:06,000 --> 00:59:08,900 but once they stopped moving the clock was ticking, 685 00:59:09,000 --> 00:59:11,600 and it was a different game altogether. 686 00:59:17,600 --> 00:59:19,200 My toes are freezing. 687 00:59:24,600 --> 00:59:29,400 In '22, Mallory frostbit one of his fingers... 688 00:59:29,600 --> 00:59:32,900 And he commented that it was bad but not that bad. 689 00:59:32,900 --> 00:59:37,700 And then as a note aside he said, 690 00:59:37,700 --> 00:59:41,900 "I wouldn't mind if I lost a finger for this summit." 691 00:59:43,300 --> 00:59:45,600 And if I was in his shoes I probably would have thought 692 00:59:45,700 --> 00:59:51,000 the same thing because it was the golden age of exploration. 693 00:59:56,600 --> 00:59:58,000 Ahh, that's it. 694 00:59:58,000 --> 00:59:59,400 Come on, my beauties. 695 01:00:02,800 --> 01:00:04,700 Oh, God. 696 01:00:10,800 --> 01:00:13,100 Bad weather blocks Conrad's path 697 01:00:13,200 --> 01:00:16,000 and the monsoon snows are imminent. 698 01:00:16,000 --> 01:00:20,900 He and Leo risk being trapped high on Everest, beyond rescue. 699 01:00:23,700 --> 01:00:26,400 It was a stressful moment. 700 01:00:26,700 --> 01:00:27,800 What are we doing? 701 01:00:27,800 --> 01:00:30,000 We're climbing into the second week of June, 702 01:00:30,100 --> 01:00:32,200 the monsoon's on our ass. 703 01:00:32,200 --> 01:00:35,900 I get on the phone to Jennifer, and I say to her, 704 01:00:35,900 --> 01:00:40,000 it's not worth what I'm putting you and the family through, 705 01:00:40,100 --> 01:00:41,800 and I'm ready to come home. 706 01:00:43,900 --> 01:00:46,400 The window was closing; I knew the monsoon was coming. 707 01:00:46,700 --> 01:00:50,200 I was looking at the satellite imagery of the weather. 708 01:00:50,200 --> 01:00:51,700 I said, Conrad, you know what? 709 01:00:51,700 --> 01:00:53,400 I'm looking at the computer screen 710 01:00:53,700 --> 01:00:56,100 and I'm seeing this giant wall of weather - 711 01:00:56,100 --> 01:00:58,100 and it's the monsoon. 712 01:00:58,200 --> 01:01:00,100 And I just said, Conrad, 713 01:01:00,100 --> 01:01:04,900 you need to be confident that you can make it. 714 01:01:05,000 --> 01:01:08,500 But if you have a chance to climb the Second Step, 715 01:01:08,700 --> 01:01:10,100 I want you to go for it. 716 01:01:15,700 --> 01:01:17,200 "My dear one, 717 01:01:17,200 --> 01:01:19,500 What is happening to you? 718 01:01:19,700 --> 01:01:21,800 I wonder so much. 719 01:01:21,800 --> 01:01:25,300 Are you happy and are you well? 720 01:01:25,300 --> 01:01:29,300 All the immortal love my soul has is with you... 721 01:01:29,300 --> 01:01:31,100 Ruth." 722 01:01:33,700 --> 01:01:36,200 Early in June, 1924, 723 01:01:36,200 --> 01:01:40,000 two of Mallory's team, Norton and Somervell, 724 01:01:40,000 --> 01:01:45,800 pushed on up the mountain, but Everest forced them back. 725 01:01:45,800 --> 01:01:49,500 Snow-blind, Norton had to be carried down. 726 01:01:49,700 --> 01:01:52,300 Somervell almost choked to death 727 01:01:52,300 --> 01:01:55,300 before coughing up part of his frostbitten larynx. 728 01:01:57,900 --> 01:02:01,000 Clearly, it was time to go home. 729 01:02:01,000 --> 01:02:04,400 They were weak with exhaustion... 730 01:02:04,400 --> 01:02:07,800 The monsoon was due... 731 01:02:07,800 --> 01:02:09,900 But Mallory refused to give in. 732 01:02:12,300 --> 01:02:14,300 "My dear girl, 733 01:02:14,400 --> 01:02:18,400 This has been a bad time altogether... 734 01:02:18,400 --> 01:02:22,000 Perhaps it's mere folly to go up again. 735 01:02:22,000 --> 01:02:25,500 But how can I be out of the hunt? 736 01:02:25,800 --> 01:02:30,200 Six days to the top from this camp. 737 01:02:30,200 --> 01:02:34,000 It's 50 to 1 against, but we'll have a whack yet 738 01:02:34,100 --> 01:02:37,100 and do ourselves proud. 739 01:02:37,200 --> 01:02:38,400 Great love to you, 740 01:02:38,500 --> 01:02:40,800 ever your loving George." 741 01:02:57,200 --> 01:03:00,300 The big question is why George Mallory 742 01:03:00,300 --> 01:03:02,400 thought it was worth one more shot. 743 01:03:02,400 --> 01:03:05,900 I think the way to reconcile the overriding conflict in his life, 744 01:03:05,900 --> 01:03:08,300 was actually to climb the mountain and be done with it 745 01:03:08,300 --> 01:03:11,000 and go home to Ruth and say I've done it, 746 01:03:11,000 --> 01:03:14,000 it's over, now we can get on with the rest of our lives. 747 01:03:15,200 --> 01:03:19,200 He knew that this was it. 748 01:03:19,200 --> 01:03:21,600 He couldn't come back again later 749 01:03:21,800 --> 01:03:24,100 if he didn't get to the top. 750 01:03:24,100 --> 01:03:28,600 It would be impossible to put Ruth through that again. 751 01:03:30,800 --> 01:03:33,600 "I must tell you, dearest one, 752 01:03:33,800 --> 01:03:38,300 I feel full of energy and strength. 753 01:03:38,300 --> 01:03:41,300 My plan will be to carry as little as possible, 754 01:03:41,400 --> 01:03:44,000 go fast, and rush the summit." 755 01:03:53,900 --> 01:03:59,500 Mallory now needed oxygen and Irvine more than ever. 756 01:03:59,500 --> 01:04:02,000 He wanted his partner, 757 01:04:02,000 --> 01:04:05,000 now over the worst of his altitude sickness, 758 01:04:05,100 --> 01:04:08,400 to apply his technical skills to the final assault. 759 01:04:10,400 --> 01:04:13,900 "Irvine has been brilliantly skillful about the oxygen. 760 01:04:13,900 --> 01:04:17,100 He has practically invented a new instrument." 761 01:04:20,600 --> 01:04:22,400 "Fifth of June... 762 01:04:22,500 --> 01:04:26,500 It will be a great triumph if my impromptu apparatus 763 01:04:26,600 --> 01:04:29,300 gets us to the top. 764 01:04:29,300 --> 01:04:32,000 It has been very trying for everyone 765 01:04:32,100 --> 01:04:35,900 with terribly strong reflection off the snow. 766 01:04:36,000 --> 01:04:38,500 I've prepared two oxygen apparatus 767 01:04:38,500 --> 01:04:41,300 for our start tomorrow morning." 768 01:04:44,400 --> 01:04:47,900 These are the last words written by Sandy Irvine. 769 01:04:50,300 --> 01:04:51,700 He would have gone 770 01:04:51,900 --> 01:04:54,000 wherever Mallory would have wanted him to go, 771 01:04:54,100 --> 01:04:57,200 and I'm quite sure that he had every intention 772 01:04:57,200 --> 01:04:58,700 of coming back from the mountain 773 01:04:58,900 --> 01:05:01,300 with both feet, both legs, both arms intact. 774 01:05:01,400 --> 01:05:05,000 I don't think he even entertained, truly entertained, 775 01:05:05,000 --> 01:05:06,700 the idea that he would die. 776 01:05:06,900 --> 01:05:09,400 I think he believed that he was indestructible. 777 01:05:13,300 --> 01:05:15,000 Early on June the 6th, 778 01:05:15,100 --> 01:05:19,200 support climber Noel Odell photographed Mallory and Irvine 779 01:05:19,300 --> 01:05:22,000 as they set out from the North Col. 780 01:05:27,000 --> 01:05:30,200 "Who could hold back when such a victory, 781 01:05:30,200 --> 01:05:35,500 such a triumph of human endeavor was within their grasp." 782 01:05:39,000 --> 01:05:43,700 "One must conquer, achieve, get to the top... 783 01:05:43,700 --> 01:05:48,500 to know there's no dream that mustn't be dared." 784 01:05:58,000 --> 01:06:00,100 There's nothing on top of Mount Everest. 785 01:06:00,200 --> 01:06:03,100 There's not a pot of gold. 786 01:06:03,100 --> 01:06:06,200 Well, why are we doing this? 787 01:06:06,300 --> 01:06:08,100 You want the glory. 788 01:06:08,100 --> 01:06:12,200 You want that feeling of standing on top of the world. 789 01:06:16,000 --> 01:06:20,700 Gambling on beating the monsoon, Conrad makes his choice - 790 01:06:20,700 --> 01:06:23,500 to follow Mallory up to the Second Step. 791 01:06:26,300 --> 01:06:30,400 We're starting our summit bid and it's the 10th of June. 792 01:06:30,400 --> 01:06:32,000 I think the 5th of June 793 01:06:32,100 --> 01:06:35,300 is the latest anyone's ever climbed pre-monsoon. 794 01:06:35,300 --> 01:06:37,800 The clouds in the background are an indication 795 01:06:38,000 --> 01:06:39,400 of the monsoon rolling in, 796 01:06:39,400 --> 01:06:43,300 so we're gonna play it by ear, one day at a time, 797 01:06:43,300 --> 01:06:46,400 but this is our window. 798 01:07:12,800 --> 01:07:15,300 It's just ridiculously tiring, 799 01:07:15,300 --> 01:07:18,300 like it feels like someone's taking the Michael... 800 01:07:18,300 --> 01:07:21,600 You take one step and your head's in your hands. 801 01:07:50,400 --> 01:07:52,600 That is unreal, isn't it? 802 01:07:52,700 --> 01:07:55,200 It's like an out-of-body experience. 803 01:08:07,700 --> 01:08:10,800 On June the 7th, cameraman John Noel 804 01:08:10,900 --> 01:08:14,600 filmed the last images of Mallory and Irvine. 805 01:08:18,500 --> 01:08:22,600 They were two miles above him with their porters, 806 01:08:22,700 --> 01:08:24,700 climbing into the death zone, 807 01:08:24,700 --> 01:08:26,500 where the lack of oxygen 808 01:08:26,500 --> 01:08:28,800 makes it impossible to function for long. 809 01:08:31,600 --> 01:08:34,900 In the death zone, above 26,000 feet, 810 01:08:35,100 --> 01:08:40,900 the body enters into what is known as necrosis... 811 01:08:41,200 --> 01:08:42,900 One is dying. 812 01:08:47,200 --> 01:08:50,500 Humans weren't meant to survive at this altitude, 813 01:08:50,600 --> 01:08:52,500 and you're on borrowed time. 814 01:08:57,700 --> 01:09:02,200 As they enter the death zone, Conrad and Leo use oxygen, 815 01:09:02,200 --> 01:09:04,500 like Mallory and Irvine before them. 816 01:09:15,200 --> 01:09:16,400 I was just thinking, 817 01:09:16,500 --> 01:09:19,400 oh, the death zone - this place isn't that bad. 818 01:09:19,500 --> 01:09:22,600 All of a sudden the first of the dead bodies 819 01:09:22,700 --> 01:09:28,400 that we encountered appeared right by the path. 820 01:09:28,500 --> 01:09:30,000 And it was a real... 821 01:09:30,200 --> 01:09:33,000 Where else do you walk past a dead body? 822 01:09:33,200 --> 01:09:34,400 Unless you're in a war zone 823 01:09:34,500 --> 01:09:36,600 you're never going to witness anything like that. 824 01:09:36,600 --> 01:09:38,400 It's such an extreme environment up there 825 01:09:38,500 --> 01:09:40,600 that no one can do anything about it, 826 01:09:40,600 --> 01:09:42,300 they can't bring them down. 827 01:09:49,500 --> 01:09:53,600 High in the death zone, some 2,000 feet below the summit, 828 01:09:53,700 --> 01:09:57,400 Mallory and Irvine pitched their last camp. 829 01:10:00,200 --> 01:10:02,900 Here Mallory wrote to cameraman John Noel, 830 01:10:02,900 --> 01:10:06,700 who was waiting further down to film the moment of triumph. 831 01:10:08,600 --> 01:10:09,800 "Dear Noel, 832 01:10:09,800 --> 01:10:13,600 We'll probably start early tomorrow to have clear weather. 833 01:10:13,600 --> 01:10:15,600 Start looking out for us 834 01:10:15,600 --> 01:10:18,500 either crossing the rock band under the pyramid 835 01:10:18,500 --> 01:10:21,300 or going up the skyline at 8 p.m." 836 01:10:23,300 --> 01:10:25,900 Clearly he meant to say 8 a.m. 837 01:10:30,800 --> 01:10:32,000 He was tired. 838 01:10:32,300 --> 01:10:34,500 He had been on expedition for three months 839 01:10:34,600 --> 01:10:37,800 and now over three days in the death zone. 840 01:10:57,800 --> 01:11:00,500 We knew the monsoon was imminent. 841 01:11:00,600 --> 01:11:04,800 We only had a 12-hour window... 842 01:11:04,800 --> 01:11:07,700 We had to strike while the iron was hot. 843 01:11:08,800 --> 01:11:11,600 You're so nervous that I woke up 844 01:11:11,600 --> 01:11:14,800 before the alarm and turned our headlamps on, 845 01:11:14,800 --> 01:11:17,100 got all the layering systems set up. 846 01:11:17,300 --> 01:11:20,300 When you step out of the tent it was a bit like a starting gate. 847 01:11:20,300 --> 01:11:21,700 I was ready to go. 848 01:11:22,300 --> 01:11:24,500 Leo was so excited, 849 01:11:24,500 --> 01:11:26,900 he had that boost of summit energy. 850 01:11:27,000 --> 01:11:29,600 It's probably similar to what Mallory and Irvine had 851 01:11:29,600 --> 01:11:31,700 on their summit day 852 01:11:31,700 --> 01:11:34,000 when they were there within striking distance 853 01:11:34,000 --> 01:11:35,900 of the first ascent of Everest. 854 01:11:52,700 --> 01:11:56,800 Imagine the morning of June 8, 1924... 855 01:11:58,900 --> 01:12:02,800 They're cold, they've had a restless night of sleep. 856 01:12:05,100 --> 01:12:08,700 Compound this with a lack of appetite, 857 01:12:08,800 --> 01:12:12,500 severe dehydration. 858 01:12:12,600 --> 01:12:14,600 Their bodies are wasted. 859 01:12:14,600 --> 01:12:17,600 Their mental faculties are compromised. 860 01:12:17,600 --> 01:12:21,100 Simple things become monumental chores. 861 01:12:37,400 --> 01:12:39,500 Twenty-eight thousand feet is at the limit 862 01:12:39,600 --> 01:12:42,400 of what is humanly possible. 863 01:12:42,400 --> 01:12:47,900 Even with supplemental oxygen, it's very, very desperate. 864 01:12:47,900 --> 01:12:51,200 And above them is a route that no one has ever been on. 865 01:12:51,400 --> 01:12:52,800 And when you're the first, 866 01:12:52,800 --> 01:12:55,400 overcoming this sense of the unknown 867 01:12:55,500 --> 01:12:57,500 is one of the greatest challenges. 868 01:13:07,600 --> 01:13:09,200 Think about it: 869 01:13:09,400 --> 01:13:12,900 The anxiety, the fear, trepidation, 870 01:13:13,000 --> 01:13:16,400 combined with the exhilaration. 871 01:13:16,500 --> 01:13:20,800 All those things stirring around 872 01:13:20,800 --> 01:13:25,700 and held fast by pain and suffering. 873 01:13:35,000 --> 01:13:38,700 Mallory and Irvine climbed the North Face, 874 01:13:38,700 --> 01:13:40,700 up towards the summit ridge, 875 01:13:40,700 --> 01:13:42,900 where the Second Step blocked their path. 876 01:13:48,100 --> 01:13:52,000 We got to the ridge just on schedule, right after dawn. 877 01:13:55,900 --> 01:13:57,800 Absolutely wonderful. 878 01:14:30,500 --> 01:14:34,800 At 12:50 on June 8, 1924, 879 01:14:34,800 --> 01:14:39,100 support climber Noel Odell sighted Mallory and Irvine 880 01:14:39,200 --> 01:14:41,000 through a gap in the clouds. 881 01:14:44,500 --> 01:14:48,900 "My eyes became fixed on a tiny black dot, 882 01:14:49,000 --> 01:14:53,200 a short distance from the base of the final pyramid. 883 01:14:53,200 --> 01:14:55,800 Another moved up to join it. 884 01:14:55,800 --> 01:15:00,600 They were moving expeditiously, as if to make up for lost time. 885 01:15:00,700 --> 01:15:05,300 Then the whole fascinating vision vanished, 886 01:15:05,500 --> 01:15:08,200 enveloped in a cloud." 887 01:15:13,900 --> 01:15:16,500 Mallory and Irvine were missing. 888 01:15:18,800 --> 01:15:21,800 "No trace can be found... 889 01:15:21,800 --> 01:15:23,700 Awaiting orders." 890 01:15:26,000 --> 01:15:29,100 Instead of capturing their victorious ascent, 891 01:15:29,200 --> 01:15:33,700 cameraman John Noel had to film the search for them. 892 01:15:37,800 --> 01:15:42,300 Days later, blankets laid out as a cross in the snow 893 01:15:42,600 --> 01:15:46,200 signaled the devastating news. 894 01:15:46,200 --> 01:15:50,700 Mallory and Irvine were lost, presumed dead. 895 01:16:06,700 --> 01:16:11,700 Mrs Mallory, Herschel House, Cambridge... 896 01:16:11,700 --> 01:16:16,200 Committee deeply regret receive bad news. 897 01:16:16,300 --> 01:16:20,200 Everest expedition today... 898 01:16:20,300 --> 01:16:22,200 Your husband killed... 899 01:16:22,300 --> 01:16:24,100 Last climb. 900 01:16:24,200 --> 01:16:27,700 Committee offer you and family heartfelt sympathy. 901 01:16:32,200 --> 01:16:35,000 Ruth received the news one evening. 902 01:16:35,000 --> 01:16:37,600 She decided not to tell her children that night 903 01:16:37,700 --> 01:16:39,100 because they'd already gone to bed. 904 01:16:39,200 --> 01:16:41,100 She actually went to bed herself 905 01:16:41,100 --> 01:16:43,000 and slept with that terrible knowledge, 906 01:16:43,000 --> 01:16:46,900 then in morning woke them up and took them into her bed, 907 01:16:46,900 --> 01:16:49,300 and told them this terrible news. 908 01:16:51,000 --> 01:16:55,800 "George's spirit was ready for another life, 909 01:16:55,800 --> 01:17:00,300 and his way of going to it was very beautiful. 910 01:17:00,300 --> 01:17:04,200 I know so absolutely he could not have failed 911 01:17:04,300 --> 01:17:08,200 in courage or self-sacrifice. 912 01:17:08,300 --> 01:17:11,900 If only it hadn't happened. 913 01:17:11,900 --> 01:17:14,000 It so easily might not have." 914 01:17:18,700 --> 01:17:24,800 The golden age of exploration had ended in tragedy. 915 01:17:24,900 --> 01:17:29,100 The fallen hero was mourned by King and country. 916 01:17:32,700 --> 01:17:35,200 It must have been an extraordinary day, 917 01:17:35,300 --> 01:17:39,800 the bells ringing out around Britain in mourning... 918 01:17:39,900 --> 01:17:43,500 And then a memorial service in St Paul's, 919 01:17:43,700 --> 01:17:46,500 the mourners packing the pews 920 01:17:46,700 --> 01:17:48,800 and speeches given in Mallory's honor. 921 01:17:54,400 --> 01:17:59,700 Mallory, the man, soon became Mallory, the legend. 922 01:17:59,700 --> 01:18:06,200 Many people were convinced he had reached the top of Everest. 923 01:18:06,300 --> 01:18:12,000 But to summit, he would first have had to free-climb the Second Step. 924 01:18:14,300 --> 01:18:20,200 On June 14th our expedition reached the Second Step - 925 01:18:20,300 --> 01:18:26,200 this formidable rock face that stood between Mallory and the summit. 926 01:18:28,800 --> 01:18:32,100 The Sherpas cleared the fixed-ropes and hauled the ladder away, 927 01:18:32,200 --> 01:18:36,200 restoring the Second Step to what it was like in 1924. 928 01:18:42,200 --> 01:18:49,500 Goal is today, pull the ladders up and climb it free - 929 01:18:49,800 --> 01:18:52,300 that is without the assistance of the Chinese ladder. 930 01:19:20,100 --> 01:19:21,800 This whole time on the expedition 931 01:19:21,800 --> 01:19:25,600 I knew it was going to come down to this half hour, 932 01:19:25,800 --> 01:19:30,000 on a cliff band at 28,300 feet. 933 01:19:30,100 --> 01:19:33,200 Could I do it in the form that Mallory and Irvine 934 01:19:33,200 --> 01:19:36,000 would have encountered it, free of any ladder, 935 01:19:36,100 --> 01:19:41,000 free of any rope, free of any indication of man? 936 01:19:41,100 --> 01:19:44,000 You have the whole North Face of Mount Everest 937 01:19:44,100 --> 01:19:47,200 all the way down to the central Rongbuk glacier below you. 938 01:19:49,200 --> 01:19:51,900 Seven, eight-thousand feet of exposure. 939 01:19:52,000 --> 01:19:54,000 God, what am I doing? 940 01:20:08,000 --> 01:20:09,600 Just like Mallory and Irvine, 941 01:20:09,800 --> 01:20:12,100 Leo and I were tied together. 942 01:20:14,400 --> 01:20:16,200 It's the brotherhood of the rope. 943 01:20:32,100 --> 01:20:34,400 Imagine this... 944 01:20:34,400 --> 01:20:40,100 June 8, 1924. 945 01:21:17,000 --> 01:21:18,000 Whoa! 946 01:21:29,200 --> 01:21:30,700 You okay? 947 01:21:30,900 --> 01:21:32,300 Yeah... 948 01:21:32,400 --> 01:21:33,600 Man! 949 01:21:33,600 --> 01:21:36,200 What happened? 950 01:21:36,200 --> 01:21:37,500 Bad step. 951 01:21:40,300 --> 01:21:42,900 Had I not caught myself, 952 01:21:43,000 --> 01:21:46,000 there's a good chance I could have fallen over the edge, 953 01:21:46,100 --> 01:21:48,200 pulled Leo off of the mountain 954 01:21:48,300 --> 01:21:52,000 and fallen 7,000 feet to the central Rongbuk glacier. 955 01:21:54,100 --> 01:21:55,700 I think it shook him up somewhat 956 01:21:55,900 --> 01:21:58,200 and he ended up spending quite a long time 957 01:21:58,200 --> 01:22:01,400 figuring out what to do next, recomposing himself. 958 01:22:01,500 --> 01:22:03,500 I mean, I'd say at least 20 minutes. 959 01:22:04,500 --> 01:22:07,000 Want to stand on my shoulders? 960 01:22:08,400 --> 01:22:10,300 I'm going to give it another go. 961 01:22:14,200 --> 01:22:19,100 My job was to... climb the Second Step. 962 01:22:19,200 --> 01:22:23,100 I knew that I had to try it from a different angle. 963 01:23:39,600 --> 01:23:41,200 Okay... 964 01:23:41,200 --> 01:23:42,400 High step... 965 01:24:12,200 --> 01:24:14,200 I think I got it, Leo. 966 01:24:14,300 --> 01:24:15,600 I think I got it... 967 01:24:22,300 --> 01:24:23,700 Aaaahhh! 968 01:24:56,200 --> 01:24:59,700 After eight years of keeping me awake at night 969 01:24:59,700 --> 01:25:05,900 and being the 90 feet of climbing that I had to get done... 970 01:25:06,100 --> 01:25:07,700 I got the Second Step. 971 01:25:19,300 --> 01:25:20,500 I can't breathe. 972 01:25:24,300 --> 01:25:28,700 I realized that my toes had gone completely numb. 973 01:25:28,700 --> 01:25:31,300 My biggest fear through this whole experience 974 01:25:31,300 --> 01:25:34,800 has been getting frostbite in my toes. 975 01:25:34,900 --> 01:25:38,200 I was just concerned about getting to the top of the Second Step 976 01:25:38,200 --> 01:25:39,900 as quickly as I possibly could. 977 01:25:48,200 --> 01:25:51,300 I thought about Mallory. 978 01:25:51,400 --> 01:25:53,900 Our ascent of the Second Step 979 01:25:53,900 --> 01:25:58,500 opens up the possibility that they could have pulled it off. 980 01:26:02,500 --> 01:26:05,000 Earlier I was under the impression that the Second Step 981 01:26:05,200 --> 01:26:08,600 was an impossibility for climbers of that time. 982 01:26:08,600 --> 01:26:11,400 Now I'm changed on that. 983 01:26:11,500 --> 01:26:14,800 They definitely were capable of doing it. 984 01:26:17,200 --> 01:26:21,600 The Second Step is not too much of an obstacle for them to overcome. 985 01:26:46,400 --> 01:26:49,000 They were determined, 986 01:26:49,200 --> 01:26:53,500 and if they were strong and they were moving quickly, 987 01:26:53,500 --> 01:26:55,900 there's a chance they made it to the top. 988 01:26:58,900 --> 01:27:01,000 "Dear one, 989 01:27:01,300 --> 01:27:05,600 I will be thinking of you as you set off for the summit. 990 01:27:05,700 --> 01:27:09,000 I know you can achieve your wildest dream." 991 01:27:28,300 --> 01:27:31,400 "If we get within 200 yards or so 992 01:27:31,400 --> 01:27:33,500 of the top of Everest, 993 01:27:33,600 --> 01:27:37,600 we shall go... 994 01:27:37,700 --> 01:27:41,900 And if it's a one-way ticket, so be it." 995 01:28:34,900 --> 01:28:38,600 Eight years after I found the body of George Mallory, 996 01:28:38,600 --> 01:28:41,400 the circle is complete. 997 01:28:46,800 --> 01:28:50,500 A few hours before the monsoon closed in, 998 01:28:50,500 --> 01:28:53,900 Leo and I summitted Mount Everest. 999 01:28:57,700 --> 01:29:02,100 And we have shown that these could have been 1000 01:29:02,100 --> 01:29:05,600 Mallory and Irvine's final footsteps. 1001 01:29:16,900 --> 01:29:22,200 "Is this the summit crowning the day? 1002 01:29:22,400 --> 01:29:27,000 How cool and how quiet... 1003 01:29:27,100 --> 01:29:32,900 Have we vanquished an enemy? 1004 01:29:33,000 --> 01:29:35,500 None but ourselves?"