1 00:00:46,370 --> 00:00:51,050 This is the University campus of California in Los Angeles. Visit www.Markasjudi.cc Trusted Safe Online Gambling Agent 2 00:00:51,450 --> 00:00:54,530 Currently, no students are aware Bonus New Member 500 Thousand Cashback Parlay 10 Million 3 00:00:54,690 --> 00:00:58,810 that this is ground zero of one of the biggest revolutions Rolls Sbobet Sportsbook 1.25% Rolls Maxbet Sportsbook 1.5% 4 00:00:59,010 --> 00:01:01,530 we as humans are experiencing. Rolls Live Casino Sbobet 338A 1% Rollingan Casino Live Maxbet 1.2% 5 00:01:02,290 --> 00:01:04,250 One of the science buildings here BBM: 2BB66006 LINE: CS_MARKASJUDI 6 00:01:04,450 --> 00:01:07,650 is considered the birthplace of the internet. Wechat: MARKASJUDI Whatsapp: +6285830896612 7 00:01:08,130 --> 00:01:11,330 This description is part of the scientists involved 8 00:01:11,490 --> 00:01:13,850 taken at this time too. 9 00:01:15,290 --> 00:01:17,650 Corridor here looks disgusting 10 00:01:17,850 --> 00:01:21,570 but this one leads to some kind of temple 11 00:01:21,730 --> 00:01:23,850 reconstructed a few years later 12 00:01:24,050 --> 00:01:26,610 when the importance of sinking. 13 00:01:27,010 --> 00:01:29,570 Let's go into this very special place. 14 00:01:31,290 --> 00:01:34,210 We are now entering a sacred location. 15 00:01:34,930 --> 00:01:37,450 This is the location where the internet starts. 16 00:01:37,650 --> 00:01:38,650 This is a holy place. 17 00:01:38,850 --> 00:01:41,410 And we just returned to 1969 18 00:01:41,570 --> 00:01:44,130 When the critical event starts. 19 00:01:45,250 --> 00:01:47,930 The machine up there is the first piece 20 00:01:48,370 --> 00:01:51,050 of internet equipment ever installed 21 00:01:54,530 --> 00:01:57,330 This is a mini computer, that we now call a packet switch. 22 00:01:57,530 --> 00:01:58,990 This is a... 23 00:02:00,290 --> 00:02:01,810 hardened military engine. 24 00:02:02,010 --> 00:02:03,290 You can't solve it. 25 00:02:03,490 --> 00:02:08,050 And it's meant to defend itself, without supervision, for years. 26 00:02:08,370 --> 00:02:12,530 This particular machine is very ugly inside, 27 00:02:12,730 --> 00:02:14,010 it's beautiful. 28 00:02:15,010 --> 00:02:17,530 It has a unique smell. 29 00:02:17,730 --> 00:02:21,170 A delicious old odor from all the old parts. 30 00:02:21,370 --> 00:02:23,930 Consists of a modem, 31 00:02:25,090 --> 00:02:27,970 Unit logic CPU, memory, 32 00:02:28,130 --> 00:02:32,850 power supply... everything you need to make computer work efficient. 33 00:02:34,050 --> 00:02:38,290 This machine functions as the first internet node for decades. 34 00:02:40,250 --> 00:02:43,210 And from here the first message sent 35 00:02:43,410 --> 00:02:44,730 A revolution begins. 36 00:02:46,050 --> 00:02:49,690 And the only record we have of what happened that day 37 00:02:50,050 --> 00:02:52,090 is in this log 38 00:02:53,570 --> 00:02:57,970 On October 29, 1969 at 10:30 a night 39 00:02:58,650 --> 00:03:02,770 we enter that we "speak to Stanford Research Institute 40 00:03:02,970 --> 00:03:04,970 hosts to host" computers to computers. 41 00:03:05,170 --> 00:03:08,130 This is very similar when on board Columbus, 42 00:03:08,770 --> 00:03:11,570 people above who first saw land, 43 00:03:12,210 --> 00:03:15,010 he saw that and he basically made an entry 44 00:03:15,170 --> 00:03:16,850 says "we see land". 45 00:03:17,050 --> 00:03:21,730 The document and this document exist at least as important. 46 00:03:22,970 --> 00:03:24,890 Now what is the first message? 47 00:03:26,530 --> 00:03:28,090 Many people don't know it. 48 00:03:29,850 --> 00:03:33,050 What we want to do enter from our computer 49 00:03:33,250 --> 00:03:37,570 to a computer 400 miles north, at the Stanford Research Institute. 50 00:03:37,810 --> 00:03:40,730 To log in you have to type "LOG" 51 00:03:40,930 --> 00:03:43,330 and the machine is smart enough to type "IN". 52 00:03:43,810 --> 00:03:45,970 Now to make sure this happens correctly, 53 00:03:46,290 --> 00:03:48,290 we have our programmers and programmers 54 00:03:48,450 --> 00:03:52,970 north is connected by the telephone receiver just to make sure it runs correctly. 55 00:03:54,050 --> 00:03:55,730 So Charlie typed the letter L and he said 56 00:03:55,930 --> 00:03:58,570 "You get L?" Bill said, "Yup, I have L." 57 00:04:01,970 --> 00:04:03,330 He typed G. "Get the G?" 58 00:04:03,490 --> 00:04:06,410 Fall! The SRI computer crashed. 59 00:04:06,770 --> 00:04:10,410 So the first message ever on the internet is "Lo" 60 00:04:10,610 --> 00:04:12,570 as in "Lo and Behold". 61 00:04:13,010 --> 00:04:14,970 We can't ask for more concise, 62 00:04:15,170 --> 00:04:17,490 stronger and more prophetic messages 63 00:04:17,690 --> 00:04:18,690 rather than "Lo". 64 00:04:20,290 --> 00:04:23,250 Well, I've been involved with the internet right from the start. 65 00:04:23,410 --> 00:04:28,810 Um, there are some things that will characterize that involvement. 66 00:04:29,010 --> 00:04:33,810 The first is that I'm starting to be the base ARPANET system designer, 67 00:04:34,050 --> 00:04:35,530 first clean package. 68 00:04:35,730 --> 00:04:40,490 I joined DARPA in the early 1970s and started two other network programs: 69 00:04:40,690 --> 00:04:43,530 one basic basic radio clean package 70 00:04:43,730 --> 00:04:46,130 like current cellular phones phones and satellite nets 71 00:04:46,330 --> 00:04:48,170 on Intel Dot4 based on the package. 72 00:04:48,290 --> 00:04:50,730 And the internet is about connecting them all together 73 00:04:50,930 --> 00:04:53,090 and important elements there 74 00:04:53,250 --> 00:04:56,170 is the protocol will make that possible 75 00:04:56,370 --> 00:04:58,130 and technology that will be needed 76 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:01,170 in the net to activate it different nets to work together. 77 00:05:02,450 --> 00:05:05,570 Vint Cerf, here in 1973, 78 00:05:05,730 --> 00:05:08,370 and Bob Kahn collaborate with 79 00:05:08,570 --> 00:05:11,890 creates a fundamental protocol for the internet 80 00:05:12,290 --> 00:05:15,610 For this they receive some of the highest awards 81 00:05:15,810 --> 00:05:18,170 our society can pour out. 82 00:05:19,330 --> 00:05:21,810 Imagine, if you want, sit in your morning coffee, 83 00:05:22,010 --> 00:05:24,530 Turn on your home computer to read the newspaper that day 84 00:05:24,690 --> 00:05:26,570 Well, it's not too far because it seems. 85 00:05:26,690 --> 00:05:29,290 Seventeen stories in his book Stylish North Coast style apartments, 86 00:05:29,490 --> 00:05:31,290 Richard Halloran calls a local number 87 00:05:31,490 --> 00:05:33,890 which will connect him to a computer in Columbus, Ohio. 88 00:05:34,450 --> 00:05:36,770 While in this city is less fashionable 89 00:05:36,930 --> 00:05:38,690 cubby hole at The San Francisco Examiner 90 00:05:38,850 --> 00:05:40,970 this editor is programming paper copies today 91 00:05:41,170 --> 00:05:42,690 to the same Ohio computer. 92 00:05:43,090 --> 00:05:45,090 When telephone calls between these two terminals 93 00:05:45,250 --> 00:05:47,450 created, the latest form of electronic journalism 94 00:05:47,650 --> 00:05:50,570 turn on the television Mr. Halloran with almost everything 95 00:05:50,770 --> 00:05:52,450 Checker prints in its regular edition. 96 00:05:52,610 --> 00:05:55,770 From the estimated two to three thousand home computer owners in the Bay Area, 97 00:05:55,970 --> 00:05:58,170 The Chronicle reports more than 500 people have responded 98 00:05:58,370 --> 00:05:59,890 by sending back coupons 99 00:06:00,450 --> 00:06:01,770 This report, 100 00:06:01,970 --> 00:06:04,930 remember the number from current internet users, 101 00:06:05,090 --> 00:06:07,850 Sounds like pre-history. 102 00:06:08,050 --> 00:06:10,490 No one at that time had a clue 103 00:06:10,690 --> 00:06:13,730 about explosions Information technology. 104 00:06:15,490 --> 00:06:18,170 Today if you will burn a CD 105 00:06:18,370 --> 00:06:21,810 from the flow of data all over the world for one day 106 00:06:22,010 --> 00:06:23,930 and stack it to the stack, 107 00:06:24,130 --> 00:06:27,090 This stack will get to Mars and return. 108 00:06:28,610 --> 00:06:32,170 The internet has absorbed everything 109 00:06:32,370 --> 00:06:34,890 Even on the International Space Station 110 00:06:35,090 --> 00:06:37,970 telephone calls from one module to the next module 111 00:06:38,170 --> 00:06:40,010 go through the internet 112 00:06:41,090 --> 00:06:44,770 But how do we run it? How do we look after it? 113 00:06:46,210 --> 00:06:49,410 I still have a copy of the telephone directory 114 00:06:49,570 --> 00:06:51,730 from the end of the 1970s everyone 115 00:06:51,930 --> 00:06:54,890 that is on the internet and that is that thick document 116 00:06:55,450 --> 00:06:57,650 and it has a name, address, 117 00:06:57,850 --> 00:06:59,650 and telephone number of each person. 118 00:06:59,810 --> 00:07:03,490 Actually twice because there are indeed after they are sorted by their email address 119 00:07:03,650 --> 00:07:05,410 and after sorted by real name. 120 00:07:05,570 --> 00:07:09,250 So if you have a problem with anyone, you can see them, you can find them. 121 00:07:09,410 --> 00:07:13,130 You can find out exactly who the person is related to that email address. 122 00:07:13,330 --> 00:07:16,290 And still today I thumb through it 123 00:07:16,450 --> 00:07:20,690 and fractions that shock from people I really know. 124 00:07:21,650 --> 00:07:24,530 For example there are two other Danny on the internet, 125 00:07:24,730 --> 00:07:26,850 and I know them both. I still know them both. 126 00:07:27,010 --> 00:07:28,930 Of course now you can't even understand 127 00:07:29,170 --> 00:07:31,450 ideas from a directory 128 00:07:31,650 --> 00:07:34,290 which contains the name of everyone. 129 00:07:34,810 --> 00:07:37,650 Today, we can't know exactly, 130 00:07:37,850 --> 00:07:41,290 The directory might be 72 miles thick. 131 00:07:43,730 --> 00:07:46,250 Capacity on the ITH channel 132 00:07:47,410 --> 00:07:49,570 must be traffic on the ith channel 133 00:07:50,010 --> 00:07:52,050 faster than channel speed 134 00:07:52,610 --> 00:07:54,970 plus how much is left, 135 00:07:56,450 --> 00:07:58,970 how much capacity is left, 136 00:07:59,170 --> 00:08:00,490 and you share it 137 00:08:00,690 --> 00:08:04,650 according to the square root of the traffic on the channel 138 00:08:04,890 --> 00:08:08,610 for the sum of square roots above all channels 139 00:08:09,090 --> 00:08:11,010 How the internet works, 140 00:08:11,170 --> 00:08:13,290 there is no fixed route that a message needs. 141 00:08:13,490 --> 00:08:18,210 In the early days of the protocol there were sort of bugs and one computer 142 00:08:18,450 --> 00:08:20,170 really experienced hardware failure 143 00:08:20,450 --> 00:08:23,810 which makes it believe that can get a message somewhere 144 00:08:23,970 --> 00:08:25,290 in negative time 145 00:08:25,890 --> 00:08:28,970 So, of course, every message on the internet 146 00:08:29,170 --> 00:08:33,810 do better by sending it through it computer because it reduces time 147 00:08:34,610 --> 00:08:36,210 net is required to send messages. 148 00:08:36,450 --> 00:08:40,450 And once all messages on the internet begin to be sent through that computer, 149 00:08:40,610 --> 00:08:42,370 which is certainly slower and slower and slower. 150 00:08:42,530 --> 00:08:44,930 So the internet like starts to stop. 151 00:08:45,410 --> 00:08:48,730 The average response time will now look like this 152 00:08:49,490 --> 00:08:52,770 This will be the same as the average path length 153 00:08:53,170 --> 00:08:57,330 times the square root sum 154 00:08:57,530 --> 00:08:59,570 of traffic on channel J 155 00:08:59,890 --> 00:09:01,770 more than the amount of all traffic 156 00:09:02,850 --> 00:09:06,050 summed above all squared channels 157 00:09:06,210 --> 00:09:10,890 more than UC (1 minus n-bar rho). 158 00:09:12,290 --> 00:09:16,570 Whatever the equation means, it tells you what is the minimum response time 159 00:09:16,770 --> 00:09:18,770 for networks after optimized. 160 00:09:18,970 --> 00:09:23,250 The computer claims that it can send a message even before you send it. 161 00:09:23,530 --> 00:09:26,890 So if you have a post office like that of course you will use it, right? 162 00:09:27,610 --> 00:09:31,130 This is simplified but The model is right at that time. 163 00:09:31,330 --> 00:09:33,610 Now we have another aspect of that. 164 00:09:33,730 --> 00:09:36,570 But basically it's basically network principle, 165 00:09:36,730 --> 00:09:39,770 and one of the things we found, surprisingly, 166 00:09:39,970 --> 00:09:41,690 is a bigger network 167 00:09:41,850 --> 00:09:44,010 is much more efficient. 168 00:09:44,210 --> 00:09:48,290 Like gambling casinos that certainly make money if you have millions of gamblers 169 00:09:48,450 --> 00:09:49,770 in the slot machine? 170 00:09:49,970 --> 00:09:51,130 Very much so. 171 00:09:51,330 --> 00:09:52,850 You have articulated what we call 172 00:09:53,050 --> 00:09:54,370 law in large numbers 173 00:09:54,610 --> 00:09:56,010 Law of a large number says 174 00:09:56,210 --> 00:09:59,770 that large population unexpected players, 175 00:09:59,970 --> 00:10:01,610 or message, 176 00:10:02,130 --> 00:10:05,050 collectively behave in a very predictable way, 177 00:10:05,250 --> 00:10:07,370 mode that we can write correctly. 178 00:10:07,970 --> 00:10:11,570 And therefore we can predict network performance when large. 179 00:10:11,810 --> 00:10:13,850 The underlying technology has a scale 180 00:10:14,050 --> 00:10:16,610 with a factor of one million in computational speed, 181 00:10:16,770 --> 00:10:18,450 in the communication bandwidth, 182 00:10:18,610 --> 00:10:21,210 in storage capacity and that might go for another decade 183 00:10:21,370 --> 00:10:23,490 with a factor of one billion or even one trillion. 184 00:10:23,650 --> 00:10:26,370 Nothing in history humans have worked 185 00:10:26,530 --> 00:10:30,610 as a technology contribution during the growth range. 186 00:10:31,570 --> 00:10:33,890 Go back to the early days, 187 00:10:34,330 --> 00:10:37,730 a period of speculative from a connected world... 188 00:10:38,170 --> 00:10:39,810 in the early 60s, 189 00:10:39,970 --> 00:10:43,170 many years before the first Apple's personal computer, 190 00:10:43,330 --> 00:10:45,530 a young thinker, Ted Nelson, 191 00:10:45,730 --> 00:10:50,090 have your own idea make a computer network 192 00:10:50,690 --> 00:10:54,050 The web that we know needs a different route, 193 00:10:54,210 --> 00:10:57,010 But Nelson's idea is still neglected. 194 00:11:00,770 --> 00:11:03,450 It is an water and interconnection experience. 195 00:11:04,290 --> 00:11:07,210 I am with my grandparents in a rowboat in Chicago, 196 00:11:07,370 --> 00:11:11,370 so I must have been five years and I extended my hand into the water. 197 00:11:13,610 --> 00:11:17,090 And I think about how the water is moving around my finger, 198 00:11:17,570 --> 00:11:19,850 opens on one side and closes on the other, 199 00:11:20,690 --> 00:11:23,330 and that changes the relationship system 200 00:11:23,490 --> 00:11:25,290 where everything is similar, 201 00:11:25,490 --> 00:11:28,250 The type is the same but different. 202 00:11:29,090 --> 00:11:32,530 It is very difficult visualize and express, 203 00:11:34,650 --> 00:11:38,850 and just generalize it to the entire universe 204 00:11:39,930 --> 00:11:41,090 the world is a system 205 00:11:41,250 --> 00:11:43,970 ever changing relationships and structures 206 00:11:44,610 --> 00:11:46,530 hit me as... 207 00:11:47,490 --> 00:11:49,410 a broad truth... who is it! 208 00:11:50,130 --> 00:11:51,090 And... 209 00:11:51,930 --> 00:11:54,690 being interconnected and reveals the interconnection 210 00:11:54,850 --> 00:11:56,890 has become the center of all my thoughts, 211 00:11:57,090 --> 00:11:58,250 and all my computers work 212 00:11:58,450 --> 00:12:01,690 has been about expressing and representing 213 00:12:01,890 --> 00:12:05,530 and show interconnection especially in writing circles. 214 00:12:06,450 --> 00:12:08,930 And writing is the process of reducing 215 00:12:09,090 --> 00:12:13,010 interconnection rugs to a narrow sequence 216 00:12:13,970 --> 00:12:15,450 And this is in the forbidden meaning. 217 00:12:15,650 --> 00:12:20,810 This is the wrong compression of what must spread. 218 00:12:21,810 --> 00:12:23,530 And computers today they betray that 219 00:12:23,650 --> 00:12:26,610 because there is no decent system cut and paste and they have changed 220 00:12:26,770 --> 00:12:30,130 the meaning of the word "cut and paste" and pretending it is the same thing. 221 00:12:30,330 --> 00:12:34,370 So a man named Larry Tesler, which I consider a good friend, 222 00:12:34,530 --> 00:12:36,130 However, changing those words 223 00:12:36,290 --> 00:12:39,410 and I consider it a crime humanity and he doesn't understand why 224 00:12:39,610 --> 00:12:41,490 Because humans don't have decent writing tools. 225 00:12:41,690 --> 00:12:45,970 However, here's the problem: interconnection and representation 226 00:12:46,170 --> 00:12:48,930 and all sequentialisation... 227 00:12:50,050 --> 00:12:51,690 similar to water problems. 228 00:12:54,530 --> 00:12:58,930 So here we have a parallel presentation 229 00:13:01,890 --> 00:13:03,810 "In the beginning God created heaven and earth" 230 00:13:03,970 --> 00:13:06,530 and where did it come from? That is from King James Bible. 231 00:13:07,330 --> 00:13:09,770 So we can go down to the next quote. 232 00:13:10,210 --> 00:13:12,490 "Adam and Lilith immediately start fighting" 233 00:13:12,650 --> 00:13:15,370 and that's from the ben Sira alphabet. 234 00:13:15,810 --> 00:13:19,450 And when we pull back we can see sequential pages 235 00:13:19,650 --> 00:13:22,610 come to connect with their source 236 00:13:22,810 --> 00:13:24,290 or with related content. 237 00:13:24,930 --> 00:13:27,770 His vision of relationships never materialized. 238 00:13:28,250 --> 00:13:31,730 Some people are labeled crazy to stick. 239 00:13:32,690 --> 00:13:34,210 There are two contradictory slogans. 240 00:13:34,370 --> 00:13:37,130 One of them is to keep doing the same thing 241 00:13:37,290 --> 00:13:40,050 and expect different results is the definition of insanity. 242 00:13:40,250 --> 00:13:42,290 On the other hand, if at first you don't succeed, 243 00:13:42,490 --> 00:13:43,570 try, try again 244 00:13:43,770 --> 00:13:47,610 I prefer the latter because I don't want to be remembered as someone who doesn't. 245 00:13:48,410 --> 00:13:52,250 No, for us it is indeed the only one around 246 00:13:52,410 --> 00:13:54,170 which is clinically sane. 247 00:13:55,170 --> 00:13:58,230 No one has ever said that before. 248 00:13:59,610 --> 00:14:01,370 I usually hear the opposite. 249 00:14:01,570 --> 00:14:03,930 Thank you very much for talking with us. 250 00:14:04,130 --> 00:14:05,750 That's very beautiful. 251 00:14:08,690 --> 00:14:09,770 Amazing. 252 00:14:10,530 --> 00:14:11,690 What a team. 253 00:14:12,290 --> 00:14:13,730 Yes, now it's my turn. 254 00:14:25,250 --> 00:14:27,010 Today is a mere number 255 00:14:27,170 --> 00:14:30,050 from unexpected players on the internet 256 00:14:30,210 --> 00:14:33,410 has caused some of its greatest glory. 257 00:14:34,850 --> 00:14:38,170 Fundamental research on cancer, AIDS, 258 00:14:38,370 --> 00:14:39,770 and other diseases, 259 00:14:40,090 --> 00:14:42,930 has been slowed by complex problems 260 00:14:43,170 --> 00:14:46,730 which has something to do with complex molecular folding. 261 00:14:47,650 --> 00:14:50,810 Scientists use super computers 262 00:14:51,010 --> 00:14:52,450 can't solve it 263 00:14:52,930 --> 00:14:55,770 Adrien Treuille is one of the creators of 264 00:14:55,970 --> 00:14:59,050 from video games that call the community 265 00:14:59,250 --> 00:15:02,010 video gamers out there in the world. 266 00:15:04,130 --> 00:15:07,370 Here we can see RNA molecules 267 00:15:09,730 --> 00:15:12,130 This beautiful helical pattern, 268 00:15:12,370 --> 00:15:13,730 it forms a helix, 269 00:15:21,010 --> 00:15:24,050 which pulls it together and creates this form. 270 00:15:24,450 --> 00:15:26,250 And it becomes a little like... 271 00:15:27,490 --> 00:15:31,090 You can think of your hand because there are simple rules 272 00:15:31,250 --> 00:15:33,290 which determines how to bend, 273 00:15:33,650 --> 00:15:37,130 and then there are several ways where he likes to come with 274 00:15:42,850 --> 00:15:46,010 And your shirt, for example, you become a folding shirt? 275 00:15:48,890 --> 00:15:53,530 fold the same way the shirt is folded. 276 00:15:53,730 --> 00:15:56,170 You can imagine it starting to be completely folded 277 00:15:59,250 --> 00:16:01,450 But if you follow a very simple rule 278 00:16:01,650 --> 00:16:03,490 This is this beautiful package 279 00:16:03,650 --> 00:16:07,770 that you can save and show. 280 00:16:07,970 --> 00:16:11,090 We take the latest scientific models 281 00:16:11,290 --> 00:16:14,890 of biomolecular folds and we created a game 282 00:16:15,290 --> 00:16:17,250 and we put it on the web without knowing what will happen 283 00:16:17,690 --> 00:16:22,010 and without knowing it will be fun at all, 284 00:16:22,650 --> 00:16:26,810 285 00:16:27,010 --> 00:16:29,810 if anyone is coming, and... 286 00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:35,850 people immediately arrive and they break the computer. 287 00:16:36,050 --> 00:16:37,570 We have to build a new computer. 288 00:16:37,730 --> 00:16:41,610 And they play and they talk to each other 289 00:16:41,810 --> 00:16:45,930 and they teach each other about science as a non-expert, 290 00:16:46,130 --> 00:16:49,850 and they start reading newspapers and they start learning and understanding. 291 00:16:50,050 --> 00:16:53,490 We have lawyers, we have school children, 292 00:16:54,370 --> 00:16:57,650 we have retired, we have people who are bedridden, 293 00:16:58,130 --> 00:16:59,810 we have grandmother 294 00:17:01,250 --> 00:17:06,130 This is really everyone from age 10 to 100 years. 295 00:17:06,810 --> 00:17:08,530 This idea is not possible 296 00:17:08,690 --> 00:17:12,010 before the internet and the response is amazing. 297 00:17:12,450 --> 00:17:16,130 Within a few days, hundreds of thousands of people joined 298 00:17:16,290 --> 00:17:18,210 and they solve the puzzle. 299 00:17:18,370 --> 00:17:19,810 The world answers, 300 00:17:20,410 --> 00:17:21,730 and it's beautiful. 301 00:17:22,970 --> 00:17:25,650 And this is where you will design a new molecule 302 00:17:26,210 --> 00:17:31,650 and in many ways we try to... 303 00:17:33,650 --> 00:17:35,490 Subliminally, you might say, 304 00:17:36,650 --> 00:17:39,730 help players understand 305 00:17:39,930 --> 00:17:42,650 and inhabit the world of molecules. 306 00:17:42,970 --> 00:17:45,730 So we put the whole game on this water 307 00:17:45,890 --> 00:17:49,050 and we put all these little bubbles 308 00:17:49,210 --> 00:17:50,450 in the background, 309 00:17:50,650 --> 00:17:53,370 but they are part of the story about what happened 310 00:17:54,370 --> 00:17:57,010 Each molecule has its own voice, 311 00:17:57,570 --> 00:18:00,450 and this sound is specifically designed 312 00:18:00,610 --> 00:18:03,130 so that when the molecule is folded properly 313 00:18:03,330 --> 00:18:04,610 they form harmony. 314 00:18:08,450 --> 00:18:10,530 And if something doesn't match 315 00:18:10,690 --> 00:18:12,650 it will form dissonance. 316 00:18:17,490 --> 00:18:19,850 It's actually rather difficult to make it do it. 317 00:18:20,770 --> 00:18:23,650 This is the result of real chemicals 318 00:18:23,930 --> 00:18:27,010 of our actual molecules, 319 00:18:27,370 --> 00:18:29,730 players are designed and we build them. 320 00:18:30,210 --> 00:18:31,490 So we say, EteRNA 321 00:18:31,930 --> 00:18:35,970 played by humans but judged by nature. 322 00:18:36,610 --> 00:18:37,730 In other words, 323 00:18:37,970 --> 00:18:41,450 nature determines who wins and who loses in the game 324 00:18:42,050 --> 00:18:43,170 and that's science. 325 00:18:44,610 --> 00:18:48,810 The solution of video gamers is not just fantasy. 326 00:18:49,170 --> 00:18:50,290 They can be verified 327 00:18:50,490 --> 00:18:52,930 and can be synthesized in the laboratory. 328 00:19:00,290 --> 00:19:04,410 Sebastian Thrun also reaches the world. 329 00:19:04,610 --> 00:19:08,610 Initially he became famous with self-driving cars. 330 00:19:09,810 --> 00:19:12,610 My dream is to go and Give everyone a chance 331 00:19:12,770 --> 00:19:14,050 and the best way to do this is education. 332 00:19:14,210 --> 00:19:17,450 So we build this a little the company we call Udacity 333 00:19:17,810 --> 00:19:19,770 which offers free education. 334 00:19:20,090 --> 00:19:23,890 We have hundreds of thousands of students living with us at a certain point in time. 335 00:19:24,450 --> 00:19:28,610 We are amazed how fast our student base has grown. 336 00:19:29,210 --> 00:19:31,530 There is a thirst for education, like, 337 00:19:31,730 --> 00:19:35,010 as a machine becomes smarter I think people want to be smarter. 338 00:19:35,170 --> 00:19:36,410 People want to contribute 339 00:19:36,570 --> 00:19:38,450 and it's harder and harder to contribute today 340 00:19:38,610 --> 00:19:40,130 and it will be even more difficult in the future 341 00:19:40,370 --> 00:19:42,810 so we have to really go and do something for ourselves 342 00:19:43,010 --> 00:19:45,290 and the best thing we can do in my opinion is education. 343 00:19:45,850 --> 00:19:48,850 At the beginning my trip to education, 344 00:19:49,050 --> 00:19:52,530 I have the opportunity to teach classes online and teach classes at Stanford. 345 00:19:52,730 --> 00:19:54,490 At Stanford you get 200 students. 346 00:19:54,690 --> 00:19:57,210 I consider myself a great teacher so I got a big class, 347 00:19:57,410 --> 00:19:58,810 But online we got 160,000 students. 348 00:19:59,490 --> 00:20:02,010 160 thousand. 349 00:20:02,210 --> 00:20:03,810 And when we finish this class 350 00:20:03,970 --> 00:20:06,050 we can stack Stanford student ranks, 351 00:20:06,210 --> 00:20:08,890 who is the most special and the most selected student, 352 00:20:09,090 --> 00:20:11,650 with students from the open world. 353 00:20:12,290 --> 00:20:14,130 And the top 412 students, they are not at Stanford 354 00:20:14,330 --> 00:20:17,250 Best performance Stanford students are number 413 355 00:20:17,410 --> 00:20:20,650 from class 200. 356 00:20:21,210 --> 00:20:22,370 That's what opened my eyes and I realized, my god, for every great Stanford student 357 00:20:23,010 --> 00:20:26,610 there are 412 extraordinary, 358 00:20:26,810 --> 00:20:28,930 359 00:20:29,090 --> 00:20:32,450 Even better students in the world don't get to Stanford. 360 00:20:33,490 --> 00:20:35,090 Right before heading to the mountain section 361 00:20:35,290 --> 00:20:39,250 Of course, Stanley traced it and passed the paralyzed Highlander, 362 00:20:39,450 --> 00:20:41,770 put Stanford racing Volkswagen Touareg 363 00:20:41,970 --> 00:20:45,690 team to the position of leader and effective end the Highlander bid to achieve glory. 364 00:20:46,130 --> 00:20:49,290 When Stanley crossed the finish line, the Stanford racing team 365 00:20:49,410 --> 00:20:51,170 has successfully entered into history books. 366 00:20:52,210 --> 00:20:56,970 This is the property of Sebastian Thrun when glory returned in 2005. 367 00:20:57,290 --> 00:21:00,170 Most of its competitors are sorry views. 368 00:21:00,290 --> 00:21:03,890 History has been made as Highlander crosses the 8 mile mark, 369 00:21:04,090 --> 00:21:07,610 further than any vehicle traveling in the inaugural Grand Challenge. 370 00:21:08,730 --> 00:21:10,890 20 more teams followed three big out of the gate, 371 00:21:11,530 --> 00:21:15,250 all hope to complete Line 132 miles in time to win. 372 00:21:15,810 --> 00:21:19,730 Team Dad, with his rotational group from the sensor, darting from the line, 373 00:21:19,890 --> 00:21:22,570 make land and pass Axion team in the process. 374 00:21:23,090 --> 00:21:25,610 ENSCO, Dexter, 375 00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:29,970 train style robot team also leaves a line with a head full of steam, attacks the desert field very fiercely. 376 00:21:30,370 --> 00:21:33,810 Kat-5, Ford Escape hybrid from the Gray Louisiana team, 377 00:21:33,970 --> 00:21:35,730 subside past the crowd, 378 00:21:35,930 --> 00:21:38,770 and TerraMax, cargo carrier 16 tons, 379 00:21:38,970 --> 00:21:41,330 Leaving the gate determined to complete the course 380 00:21:41,690 --> 00:21:44,690 Autonomous cars are growing rapidly. 381 00:21:44,890 --> 00:21:48,090 Today you don't see a large radar installation 382 00:21:48,290 --> 00:21:50,250 or tons of equipment. 383 00:21:50,850 --> 00:21:53,410 So the main goal When we build this car 384 00:21:53,570 --> 00:21:56,290 Basically making it look very normal 385 00:21:56,450 --> 00:21:58,570 on the outside and inside. 386 00:22:02,050 --> 00:22:03,090 to the internet 387 00:22:03,290 --> 00:22:05,690 This can be useful other vehicles on the road 388 00:22:05,890 --> 00:22:09,490 Can also download information about what happened on the road 389 00:22:09,730 --> 00:22:12,810 before reaching the accident area or traffic congestion, for example. 390 00:22:13,050 --> 00:22:15,810 So the internet will determine very soon? 391 00:22:15,970 --> 00:22:18,730 The internet will play A very important role in this, yes. 392 00:22:18,930 --> 00:22:21,450 Can you open it? This must be electronically packaged. 393 00:22:21,650 --> 00:22:22,570 - Show us. - Yes. 394 00:22:22,770 --> 00:22:24,970 So like we humans have the brain is basically a process 395 00:22:25,130 --> 00:22:27,290 sign-in signal, we need to have a computer, 396 00:22:27,450 --> 00:22:32,570 basically, which processes all signals from slides and radar and cameras. 397 00:22:34,810 --> 00:22:36,130 I can't see anything 398 00:22:36,290 --> 00:22:38,170 Apparently nothing can be seen. 399 00:22:38,370 --> 00:22:41,330 This is an empty baggage space that can really be used, 400 00:22:41,530 --> 00:22:43,330 but hidden behind... 401 00:22:43,890 --> 00:22:46,930 below... rod, 402 00:22:47,170 --> 00:22:48,610 is a set of computers. 403 00:22:49,170 --> 00:22:51,490 There are four computers, 404 00:22:51,650 --> 00:22:54,810 each with four processing cores called 405 00:22:55,010 --> 00:22:59,570 which is really equivalent to 16-piece personal computing machines 406 00:22:59,970 --> 00:23:02,770 which basically crunch all data from the sensor. 407 00:23:03,410 --> 00:23:08,050 These points you see are basically laser light reflection 408 00:23:08,250 --> 00:23:10,690 From the lidar laser sensor in the car. 409 00:23:10,850 --> 00:23:12,970 They emit light rays, hit obstacles, 410 00:23:13,130 --> 00:23:16,170 and they return as reflections and they appear as dots. 411 00:23:16,610 --> 00:23:18,650 This is really seeing cyberspace. 412 00:23:18,850 --> 00:23:20,930 This is really seeing cyberspace. 413 00:23:21,090 --> 00:23:25,490 The big question is basically that does it understand human ethics? 414 00:23:25,890 --> 00:23:28,530 Does it understand the values of human society? 415 00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:31,530 For example, our vehicle, what it wants to do 416 00:23:31,730 --> 00:23:34,610 Basically not hitting anyone as the highest priority. 417 00:23:35,330 --> 00:23:37,210 And if you have to hit something 418 00:23:37,410 --> 00:23:39,690 It would rather be a bit hit some things from someone, 419 00:23:39,930 --> 00:23:43,650 But what you really want to do basically doesn't hit anything at all or anyone at all. 420 00:23:44,050 --> 00:23:48,130 But who will be responsible in the case of an accident? 421 00:23:48,610 --> 00:23:51,450 On-board computer The designer? 422 00:23:51,610 --> 00:23:53,890 GPS system? Internet? 423 00:23:54,050 --> 00:23:56,450 Or drivers who eat breakfast? 424 00:23:58,530 --> 00:24:01,090 When the car makes mistakes and learns from it, 425 00:24:01,490 --> 00:24:05,090 that experience instantly share with all other cars, 426 00:24:05,250 --> 00:24:06,930 so all other cars also learn from it. 427 00:24:07,330 --> 00:24:08,930 This is actually something that people cannot do very well. 428 00:24:09,090 --> 00:24:11,210 So, if I make a mistake, I have made a lot of driving, 429 00:24:11,490 --> 00:24:13,770 then I can sympathize and I can improve, 430 00:24:14,170 --> 00:24:16,530 but no one else learns from him. 431 00:24:17,010 --> 00:24:19,370 When a self-driving car makes a mistake 432 00:24:19,970 --> 00:24:24,250 automatically all other cars know about it, including all unborn cars in the future, 433 00:24:24,450 --> 00:24:25,890 will never make the same mistake again. 434 00:24:26,050 --> 00:24:28,890 Which means the ability of the car to develop 435 00:24:29,090 --> 00:24:31,250 artificial intelligence is far greater 436 00:24:31,730 --> 00:24:34,010 rather than the ability of people to follow them 437 00:24:36,050 --> 00:24:37,570 Allow me to show one of our robots. 438 00:24:38,170 --> 00:24:40,970 This robot basically has four wheels 439 00:24:41,170 --> 00:24:44,610 and each of these wheels has these little rollers on them 440 00:24:44,770 --> 00:24:46,570 and what this allows this robot to do 441 00:24:46,770 --> 00:24:50,290 basically it allows to drive sideways and forward, and vice versa, 442 00:24:50,490 --> 00:24:53,170 without having to do anything like parallel parking maneuvers. 443 00:24:53,370 --> 00:24:56,090 So that makes this robot very versatile in their motion. 444 00:24:56,530 --> 00:24:59,770 To kick the ball, is this robot has the main kicker, 445 00:24:59,970 --> 00:25:02,890 which slides the length of the robot and kicks the ball forward. 446 00:25:03,090 --> 00:25:04,410 We also have a kicker chip, 447 00:25:04,610 --> 00:25:06,050 who can kick the ball up 448 00:25:06,210 --> 00:25:08,370 and that makes the ball go up into the air. 449 00:25:09,730 --> 00:25:12,010 This robot is autonomous. 450 00:25:12,210 --> 00:25:15,010 Nobody directs them with a joystick. 451 00:25:20,410 --> 00:25:21,650 As soon as the defender stays in place, 452 00:25:22,170 --> 00:25:24,730 it will be a little more challenging So that this robot can score goals. 453 00:25:34,810 --> 00:25:37,250 RoboCup this year we have not letting in one goal, 454 00:25:37,410 --> 00:25:40,690 even though we scored 48 goals in total our opponents. 455 00:25:40,890 --> 00:25:42,050 So you are world champion? 456 00:25:42,210 --> 00:25:43,170 us. 457 00:25:43,650 --> 00:25:44,810 We came first this year 458 00:25:45,010 --> 00:25:47,370 in the international competition RoboCup. 459 00:25:48,290 --> 00:25:50,410 Blue robots need to have indirect free kicks 460 00:25:50,610 --> 00:25:53,330 so they find out how they must pass between themselves. 461 00:25:54,370 --> 00:25:57,170 Could this team finally? 462 00:25:57,330 --> 00:25:59,410 defeat the real Brazilian football team? 463 00:26:00,130 --> 00:26:01,570 That's the purpose of RoboCup. 464 00:26:01,730 --> 00:26:06,330 This means that in 2050, having a team playing soccer robots 465 00:26:06,690 --> 00:26:08,930 which can defeat FIFA world champions. 466 00:26:09,090 --> 00:26:11,090 And we will see that happen. 467 00:26:11,330 --> 00:26:15,010 I really hope we will do it actually get the robot team 468 00:26:15,170 --> 00:26:18,730 who is quite competent and smart and smart enough 469 00:26:18,930 --> 00:26:21,490 to really beat the world champions in 2050. 470 00:26:21,690 --> 00:26:25,490 Better than Messi, Ronaldo and Neymar? 471 00:26:26,530 --> 00:26:28,770 Sounds difficult but we can get there. 472 00:26:29,490 --> 00:26:30,490 We can get there. 473 00:26:31,410 --> 00:26:34,050 We have special respect for robots 8. 474 00:26:34,210 --> 00:26:36,850 I mean, for us, saying robot 8 is the equivalent of 475 00:26:37,050 --> 00:26:39,530 to someone who says Messi or Ronaldo or something... 476 00:26:39,730 --> 00:26:40,770 it's the same. 477 00:26:51,090 --> 00:26:52,450 This is robot 8. 478 00:26:52,610 --> 00:26:54,530 This is very recognizable because 479 00:26:54,690 --> 00:26:58,610 the pattern includes four green dots above and that... 480 00:26:59,570 --> 00:27:01,330 one of our favorites, actually. 481 00:27:01,730 --> 00:27:02,770 Beautiful. 482 00:27:03,490 --> 00:27:05,770 - do you like it? - Yes, we do 483 00:27:06,650 --> 00:27:08,210 We love robots 8. 484 00:27:21,410 --> 00:27:23,050 Nikki's day dies 485 00:27:23,330 --> 00:27:25,930 we are scheduled to see a psychiatrist. 486 00:27:26,130 --> 00:27:27,890 He has some... 487 00:27:28,770 --> 00:27:32,730 His psychotic problem brain tumor when he was very young 488 00:27:32,930 --> 00:27:35,210 and it's time to do research on it. 489 00:27:35,890 --> 00:27:38,210 I think he feels nervous 490 00:27:38,370 --> 00:27:40,850 that if he goes to this meeting 491 00:27:41,010 --> 00:27:44,930 He may be trapped in a hospital because it has happened before. 492 00:27:45,410 --> 00:27:47,610 And at some point 493 00:27:47,810 --> 00:27:50,050 a few hours before his appointment, 494 00:27:50,530 --> 00:27:52,970 he left home 495 00:27:53,170 --> 00:27:57,610 He took the Porsche Christos and left. 496 00:27:57,890 --> 00:27:59,970 I see all the police 497 00:28:00,450 --> 00:28:04,250 and I start walking down on the road and they stop me 498 00:28:04,730 --> 00:28:06,690 and they say I'm not allowed to go down there. 499 00:28:07,330 --> 00:28:09,690 And I asked if that was my daughter in the car, 500 00:28:09,890 --> 00:28:12,850 What car is it, and they won't give me any information 501 00:28:13,370 --> 00:28:16,050 Then a crane lifts the car 502 00:28:16,570 --> 00:28:19,610 and after that lift the car, I realize it's Porsche. 503 00:28:21,090 --> 00:28:22,650 Adding to the tragedy, 504 00:28:22,850 --> 00:28:25,010 first responders take photos 505 00:28:25,210 --> 00:28:28,170 from the head of the girl who is almost beheaded 506 00:28:28,410 --> 00:28:30,210 and sent by email to several friends. 507 00:28:30,450 --> 00:28:33,890 Almost immediately the picture is out on the internet, 508 00:28:34,050 --> 00:28:35,770 and hundreds of thousands, 509 00:28:35,970 --> 00:28:38,490 maybe millions, click on them. 510 00:28:39,570 --> 00:28:43,970 Hoping to avoid a new wave of sick curiosity, 511 00:28:44,290 --> 00:28:47,570 we don't even show picture of Nikki alive, 512 00:28:47,730 --> 00:28:50,370 here only place in the house he likes. 513 00:28:51,970 --> 00:28:55,690 Until I see photos on the internet 514 00:28:56,210 --> 00:28:57,850 I have a picture of Nikki... 515 00:28:59,410 --> 00:29:00,530 as perfect... 516 00:29:01,970 --> 00:29:03,370 as a perfect, perfect face, eh... 517 00:29:05,570 --> 00:29:06,650 conditions. 518 00:29:07,010 --> 00:29:09,570 The coroner told us, the only one that was told told us 519 00:29:09,770 --> 00:29:14,530 is part of the thumb has been disconnected in the accident 520 00:29:15,130 --> 00:29:18,290 and that he experienced head trauma, but they never gave us any details. 521 00:29:18,890 --> 00:29:21,490 So I always focus on the thumb. 522 00:29:22,050 --> 00:29:25,450 I received an email with the attached picture 523 00:29:27,490 --> 00:29:31,090 and that is a short time after the accident. 524 00:29:32,570 --> 00:29:33,610 Um... 525 00:29:35,130 --> 00:29:37,770 It is disguised. I don't know who the email is, 526 00:29:38,690 --> 00:29:39,930 and I open it. 527 00:29:42,130 --> 00:29:45,890 And the bad is very, um... hate, 528 00:29:46,330 --> 00:29:51,370 very hate... towards me, towards Nikki, to our family. 529 00:29:52,090 --> 00:29:56,090 It says "The girl is dead walking. Woo hoo, dad, I'm still alive". 530 00:29:56,930 --> 00:29:58,770 - Woo hoo? - Woo hoo. 531 00:30:01,530 --> 00:30:04,610 Do you still feel the pain? when did you accept this? 532 00:30:04,770 --> 00:30:05,850 Yes. 533 00:30:06,210 --> 00:30:07,690 And will never leave you? 534 00:30:07,890 --> 00:30:08,930 Never. 535 00:30:12,450 --> 00:30:16,690 Some hate letters are very terrible 536 00:30:16,930 --> 00:30:18,850 that we can't repeat it here 537 00:30:27,970 --> 00:30:30,170 We were told there was nothing that could be done because... there is no law that applies to... 538 00:30:30,690 --> 00:30:35,370 pictures of people dying because when they died, 539 00:30:36,570 --> 00:30:40,610 privacy rights they go with them. 540 00:30:40,770 --> 00:30:43,290 I don't know like that depravity is in humans, 541 00:30:44,410 --> 00:30:48,010 and I think dogs treat their types better than humans treat their types. 542 00:30:48,450 --> 00:30:52,850 It's just... no dignity or respect on the internet 543 00:30:53,490 --> 00:30:58,570 because we are not responsible. 544 00:30:58,770 --> 00:31:00,250 545 00:31:00,610 --> 00:31:02,650 Nothing can tell us not to do it. 546 00:31:04,210 --> 00:31:07,170 I always believe that the internet 547 00:31:07,330 --> 00:31:10,130 is a manifestation of antichrist, 548 00:31:10,650 --> 00:31:12,370 crime itself 549 00:31:13,370 --> 00:31:15,770 This is an evil spirit. 550 00:31:22,610 --> 00:31:25,930 And I feel like it's walking through... 551 00:31:27,770 --> 00:31:30,370 everyone on earth and that... 552 00:31:30,810 --> 00:31:35,130 claim his victory to people who are also evil. 553 00:31:57,930 --> 00:31:59,410 West Virginia, 554 00:31:59,610 --> 00:32:02,370 small town Green Bank in Appalachia. 555 00:32:04,410 --> 00:32:07,370 What do you see behind me? is a very large telescope, 556 00:32:07,570 --> 00:32:10,010 diameter of one hundred meters, 557 00:32:10,210 --> 00:32:13,530 but instead of picking up light like a normal telescope, 558 00:32:13,690 --> 00:32:16,210 This takes radio waves coming from the universe, 559 00:32:16,370 --> 00:32:19,050 of things out there as close to the planet 560 00:32:19,250 --> 00:32:21,450 but as far as the Big Bang actually is. 561 00:32:22,210 --> 00:32:24,610 The telescope found the black hole 562 00:32:24,770 --> 00:32:27,730 in our own galaxy, the Milky Way. 563 00:32:28,370 --> 00:32:29,730 At the Visitor Center 564 00:32:29,970 --> 00:32:32,330 You can throw your coin into a funnel, 565 00:32:32,530 --> 00:32:34,690 which resembles a black hole. 566 00:32:35,890 --> 00:32:39,850 Your coin is inevitable. 567 00:32:47,010 --> 00:32:49,050 If there is a civilization like us 568 00:32:49,250 --> 00:32:52,010 on the nearest planet, we can almost certainly pick up 569 00:32:52,210 --> 00:32:54,330 some television stations they might, 570 00:32:54,530 --> 00:32:56,970 some of their radar... who knows what. 571 00:32:57,330 --> 00:33:00,930 This collection area is several hectares in size 572 00:33:01,090 --> 00:33:04,010 and can capture very large signals 573 00:33:04,210 --> 00:33:07,130 From a great distance, but they have traveled so far 574 00:33:07,330 --> 00:33:08,970 that they are so vague that 575 00:33:09,170 --> 00:33:11,290 Usually they contain less energy 576 00:33:11,570 --> 00:33:14,770 rather than energy falling snowflakes land on the ground. 577 00:33:15,010 --> 00:33:16,810 Enemy of radio astronomy 578 00:33:17,010 --> 00:33:20,250 is a natural radio signal that we make on earth 579 00:33:20,450 --> 00:33:23,090 both intentionally and accidentally. 580 00:33:23,290 --> 00:33:28,010 Things like microwaves Ovens can emit radiation 581 00:33:28,210 --> 00:33:31,330 which can blind us to signals coming from stars. 582 00:33:31,490 --> 00:33:35,010 Cell phones are billions billions of times stronger 583 00:33:35,170 --> 00:33:37,090 rather than the faint signal we are looking for. 584 00:33:37,570 --> 00:33:40,010 Satellite, they beam straight down on us. 585 00:33:40,210 --> 00:33:42,770 - Music station? - Music station huh. 586 00:33:42,970 --> 00:33:45,250 - Playing Elvis? - Play Elvis. 587 00:33:46,450 --> 00:33:48,890 We managed to defend it cellphone transmission out 588 00:33:49,250 --> 00:33:52,370 Your smart phone is stupid here; they just don't work 589 00:33:52,570 --> 00:33:55,170 We really try to maintain wireless transmission 590 00:33:55,330 --> 00:33:56,970 anything that is pressed 591 00:33:57,170 --> 00:33:59,490 in about ten miles from the observatory. 592 00:33:59,850 --> 00:34:02,170 For a long time we have a fleet of diesel engine Checkers 593 00:34:02,330 --> 00:34:04,930 and this is the standard Taxi driver in New York City 594 00:34:05,090 --> 00:34:07,010 and they are very valuable to us 595 00:34:07,170 --> 00:34:09,770 because they are perfect vehicles for radio astronomers. 596 00:34:09,970 --> 00:34:12,170 This doesn't have spark plugs, they don't make a fuss 597 00:34:17,250 --> 00:34:21,650 In the forest near the telescope we meet modern hermits. 598 00:34:22,170 --> 00:34:26,010 So, look, I finally went high-tech. I installed a faucet. 599 00:34:29,090 --> 00:34:30,810 That really makes a difference, I have to say it. 600 00:34:31,250 --> 00:34:34,850 I became very ill from radiation disease in 1996 and I lost 50 pounds. 601 00:34:35,490 --> 00:34:37,770 I almost died three times 602 00:34:37,970 --> 00:34:39,970 and I become reactive for all wireless radiation signals 603 00:34:40,610 --> 00:34:46,290 When all cellphones go up. 604 00:34:46,490 --> 00:34:48,570 They rose in large numbers in 1996 605 00:34:48,930 --> 00:34:51,250 606 00:34:51,650 --> 00:34:53,890 and I try to do all types of treatment, 607 00:34:54,050 --> 00:34:56,170 I moved, I lost my career. 608 00:34:56,370 --> 00:34:58,490 I work as an architect in Honolulu. 609 00:34:59,010 --> 00:35:01,170 I have to be separated from my family and children 610 00:35:01,410 --> 00:35:05,010 and finally I heard about this in 2011 611 00:35:05,530 --> 00:35:08,810 and... as soon as I heard it a place without cell towers, 612 00:35:08,970 --> 00:35:10,370 I am here in 48 hours. 613 00:35:10,930 --> 00:35:15,130 Sometimes if I'm really bad reaction to radiation, 614 00:35:15,610 --> 00:35:17,210 I will really sleep on the ground. 615 00:35:17,410 --> 00:35:18,530 I feel better in the field. 616 00:35:18,690 --> 00:35:22,930 And maybe there is science for this. They say the land emits 7.83 hertz 617 00:35:23,130 --> 00:35:26,370 and that is a natural rhythm for animals and humans 618 00:35:26,530 --> 00:35:29,810 I also slept in my car, which I instinctively did at first 619 00:35:30,010 --> 00:35:32,650 and I later found out that it was acting like some Faraday Cage. 620 00:35:32,930 --> 00:35:34,970 Metal continues to emit radiation. 621 00:35:35,490 --> 00:35:37,530 This place in Green Bank is very beautiful. 622 00:35:37,690 --> 00:35:39,850 It's not perfect but I can go out. 623 00:35:40,050 --> 00:35:42,010 I can see trees, I can see the sky, 624 00:35:42,210 --> 00:35:43,410 I can see stars. 625 00:35:43,570 --> 00:35:44,850 When I lived in Faraday's house, 626 00:35:45,010 --> 00:35:49,090 I have to stay in a box and I just leave it the box when I want to go to the bathroom 627 00:35:49,250 --> 00:35:52,490 or to use the bathroom, if not I live in that box day and night. 628 00:35:52,690 --> 00:35:55,010 - Inside a cage? - In a Faraday Cage. 629 00:35:55,170 --> 00:35:56,130 How long? 630 00:35:56,770 --> 00:35:58,310 Several years. 631 00:35:58,610 --> 00:35:59,610 Several years. 632 00:36:00,570 --> 00:36:04,090 I have a mattress and I don't have a mattress have a place to stand. 633 00:36:04,250 --> 00:36:06,610 I have to stay in bed all the time. 634 00:36:06,770 --> 00:36:08,730 My husband goes shopping, 635 00:36:08,930 --> 00:36:11,850 He cooks his food, he will do it bring it and serve me food. 636 00:36:12,050 --> 00:36:15,730 We will open the door, he will hand over the plate to me and I will eat in Faraday's cage. 637 00:36:16,450 --> 00:36:19,010 I've heard it also called super sense, 638 00:36:19,490 --> 00:36:21,730 that we only have the ability to, 639 00:36:21,890 --> 00:36:24,170 For any reason, feel this frequency. 640 00:36:24,370 --> 00:36:26,410 This is a very legitimate disease. 641 00:36:26,610 --> 00:36:29,410 But at this time I don't consider it a gift. 642 00:36:29,570 --> 00:36:31,850 I will give anything to return it. 643 00:36:33,410 --> 00:36:35,170 You're a refugee now 644 00:36:38,210 --> 00:36:42,130 I... Yes, I don't know what to call myself. 645 00:36:43,330 --> 00:36:44,730 This is new 646 00:36:45,690 --> 00:36:49,130 and I just want people to know that this type of disease 647 00:36:49,490 --> 00:36:51,930 and doctor... I really want them to hear it 648 00:36:52,130 --> 00:36:53,930 that this is a legitimate disease. 649 00:36:55,490 --> 00:36:59,090 Um, and that affects our lives very, you don't know. 650 00:36:59,290 --> 00:37:01,570 When returning home today after this interview, 651 00:37:01,730 --> 00:37:04,010 You have the luxury to go home 652 00:37:04,210 --> 00:37:06,090 to your familiar environment. 653 00:37:06,850 --> 00:37:09,970 You have that luxury back to your family 654 00:37:10,650 --> 00:37:14,330 I have never done it in four and a half years. 655 00:37:15,330 --> 00:37:17,970 I don't have any stability. 656 00:37:19,010 --> 00:37:21,330 And I just need to impress you 657 00:37:21,530 --> 00:37:24,490 How serious is that for those of us who are suffering. 658 00:37:25,410 --> 00:37:27,210 And I'm very grateful 659 00:37:27,650 --> 00:37:31,530 that there is a location here where I am no longer sick. 660 00:37:32,290 --> 00:37:35,650 Or whatever type of damage that cannot be repaired 661 00:37:35,810 --> 00:37:37,290 is being done to my body 662 00:37:37,810 --> 00:37:41,370 will be suspended or temporarily arrested 663 00:37:55,490 --> 00:37:59,130 There are more communities Interaction in a place like this. 664 00:37:59,290 --> 00:38:02,170 I think because of lack of cellular technology 665 00:38:02,370 --> 00:38:06,170 and also because of isolation from rural communities 666 00:38:06,370 --> 00:38:08,010 in a beautiful place like this. 667 00:38:08,250 --> 00:38:11,250 And, yes, I play violin and banjo at night. 668 00:38:37,890 --> 00:38:40,930 # My old woman got mad at me She became hotter than ginger tea # 669 00:38:41,090 --> 00:38:44,890 He is good and he is bad He can become a devil when he is angry # 670 00:38:45,050 --> 00:38:48,130 # Goin 'up t' Cripple Creek, go for a moment # Goin 'up t' Cripple Creek, have a little fun # 671 00:38:48,370 --> 00:38:51,930 # Lift both of my britches to kneel Wade at 'Cripple Creek when I'm fun # 672 00:39:07,570 --> 00:39:10,530 The state of Washington on the entire continent, 673 00:39:10,690 --> 00:39:13,890 in a beautiful forest not far from Seattle, 674 00:39:14,050 --> 00:39:16,610 Rehab Center for Internet Addiction 675 00:39:16,770 --> 00:39:19,410 named Restart was established. 676 00:39:22,970 --> 00:39:27,810 Well, there are so many from this severe case 677 00:39:27,970 --> 00:39:30,810 For example in South Korea There are cases of pairs 678 00:39:30,970 --> 00:39:32,330 who have young babies 679 00:39:32,530 --> 00:39:35,410 and they are very addicted to the game 680 00:39:35,610 --> 00:39:38,690 that they go to play while Ignore their child at home. 681 00:39:38,850 --> 00:39:41,410 And this baby finally dies of hunger 682 00:39:41,570 --> 00:39:43,530 and they are imprisoned because of this, 683 00:39:43,730 --> 00:39:46,370 But that's because they are addicted to the game 684 00:39:46,530 --> 00:39:48,050 and ironically it's a game where 685 00:39:48,250 --> 00:39:52,530 they take care of and maintain in the game 686 00:39:52,770 --> 00:39:53,730 a young girl, 687 00:39:54,050 --> 00:39:55,890 but when they do that 688 00:39:56,090 --> 00:39:58,370 Their own child starves to death. 689 00:40:00,090 --> 00:40:03,490 Shortly after we opened Restart, we got a call from stepmother 690 00:40:03,650 --> 00:40:06,290 His stepson lives with his grandmother 691 00:40:06,490 --> 00:40:08,770 and just had his leg amputated 692 00:40:08,930 --> 00:40:11,890 because he has developed a thrombosis in his leg 693 00:40:12,090 --> 00:40:13,570 from lack of motion. 694 00:40:14,290 --> 00:40:18,370 So we know the case, many cases happen 695 00:40:18,530 --> 00:40:21,610 in Korea and China, people are dying 696 00:40:21,810 --> 00:40:23,930 on a computer because they play for 697 00:40:24,130 --> 00:40:26,610 40, 50, 60 hours and 698 00:40:26,810 --> 00:40:31,010 and completely ignore Their body's physical needs. 699 00:40:32,250 --> 00:40:33,890 This is unusual that in South Korea teenagers video gamers wear diapers. 700 00:40:34,050 --> 00:40:38,490 This way they avoid losing points by going to the bathroom 701 00:40:38,930 --> 00:40:43,170 Tom, you don't need more introduction 702 00:40:54,210 --> 00:40:57,090 This is good 703 00:40:57,250 --> 00:40:58,410 My lowest point came from the beginning from this year. 704 00:41:02,170 --> 00:41:06,210 New Year's Eve I lost my job, 705 00:41:06,970 --> 00:41:09,250 I lost my girlfriend, my family, 706 00:41:09,570 --> 00:41:12,610 my relationship is very tense and I try to drink myself to death. 707 00:41:13,050 --> 00:41:16,770 Suicide? 708 00:41:17,250 --> 00:41:18,330 709 00:41:19,170 --> 00:41:22,330 I am playing video games 16 hours a day, often drunk. 710 00:41:22,690 --> 00:41:24,490 I watch a lot of porn movies 711 00:41:25,530 --> 00:41:27,570 and I just gave up. 712 00:41:27,770 --> 00:41:30,370 I have no future, I have no desire to live. 713 00:41:30,770 --> 00:41:32,850 I'm just waiting for the timer to run out. 714 00:41:34,810 --> 00:41:38,410 I'm in my spring in college 715 00:41:39,010 --> 00:41:43,370 and I do nothing but sleep about six hours a day 716 00:41:43,570 --> 00:41:47,170 and playing video games and absolutely don't attend one of my classes, 717 00:41:47,330 --> 00:41:48,730 not doing my job 718 00:41:48,930 --> 00:41:50,930 and lie to my parents about my progress. 719 00:41:51,450 --> 00:41:53,770 So many lie, manipulation, 720 00:41:53,970 --> 00:41:55,570 especially isolation, 721 00:41:55,770 --> 00:42:00,250 which is normal for addicts but I sleep quite a lot 722 00:42:00,450 --> 00:42:03,850 and you know, interact with my addiction. 723 00:42:04,410 --> 00:42:08,330 Do you adopt certain characters? who is almost like you? 724 00:42:11,650 --> 00:42:14,770 I'm not sure I feel comfortable With that I'm still in the 725 00:42:14,970 --> 00:42:17,970 phase where to think too deeply about my own ins and outs 726 00:42:18,170 --> 00:42:21,610 can make me leave, can really start cravings 727 00:42:21,770 --> 00:42:24,650 and begin withdrawal symptoms. 728 00:42:26,370 --> 00:42:30,450 I really want to discuss fictional characters with Chloe, 729 00:42:30,810 --> 00:42:33,530 like the evil Dwarid Dwarf 730 00:42:33,730 --> 00:42:37,130 or whoever this figure is, but I have to stop. 731 00:42:47,290 --> 00:42:51,450 The real danger for games is when... 732 00:42:52,890 --> 00:42:55,130 You... or when I stop 733 00:42:56,690 --> 00:42:59,010 present in the real world 734 00:43:00,690 --> 00:43:03,010 more often than I am in the gaming world. 735 00:43:05,010 --> 00:43:05,970 If... 736 00:43:06,650 --> 00:43:09,330 If you get to the point where... 737 00:43:10,970 --> 00:43:14,050 You are thinking of more games than you think about real life... 738 00:43:14,210 --> 00:43:15,930 what you will do for food, 739 00:43:16,130 --> 00:43:18,450 What will you do the next day, 740 00:43:19,170 --> 00:43:22,970 You don't think about it a relationship or job or career. 741 00:43:23,610 --> 00:43:25,090 If you think about the game... 742 00:43:26,050 --> 00:43:27,370 this is a problem... 743 00:43:28,250 --> 00:43:31,290 because finally will get in the way of everything that is real 744 00:43:48,290 --> 00:43:50,570 Our sun, life giver. 745 00:43:53,890 --> 00:43:57,610 At the same time it is hostile, destructive. 746 00:43:58,090 --> 00:44:01,370 Unimaginable size unimaginable 747 00:44:01,570 --> 00:44:04,050 is being thrown into the universe. 748 00:44:04,570 --> 00:44:08,730 This flare can be the destruction of modern civilization 749 00:44:10,210 --> 00:44:14,050 The most famous historical example of a very large solar flare 750 00:44:14,250 --> 00:44:18,530 is an event called Carrington events that occurred in 1859. 751 00:44:18,930 --> 00:44:20,970 This is observed by an astronomer named Carrington 752 00:44:21,130 --> 00:44:23,490 who sees a patch of sun 753 00:44:23,650 --> 00:44:25,850 because he is monitoring the sun spots, growing brighter. 754 00:44:29,570 --> 00:44:32,770 At that time, the dominant form of technology 755 00:44:32,930 --> 00:44:35,690 is a telegraph, that's the main form of our communication, 756 00:44:36,130 --> 00:44:39,050 and this very large flare happens, 757 00:44:39,210 --> 00:44:40,690 which creates changes in brightness 758 00:44:40,890 --> 00:44:43,450 So great Carrington can really see it with her eyes, 759 00:44:43,650 --> 00:44:45,010 which is very rare, 760 00:44:45,210 --> 00:44:47,770 is actually a current of induction in a telegraph cable 761 00:44:47,970 --> 00:44:51,210 which creates fires in newspapers from telegraph machines. 762 00:44:51,610 --> 00:44:53,330 There are even reports from that time 763 00:44:53,490 --> 00:44:56,930 Aurora looks as far south as as the equator, 764 00:44:57,250 --> 00:45:00,970 and there are Auroras that are so bright in North latitude 765 00:45:01,170 --> 00:45:02,930 it's possible read at night 766 00:45:05,090 --> 00:45:07,610 We are lucky not to get anything for the Carrington Event 767 00:45:07,770 --> 00:45:10,850 has happened in these times modern technology 768 00:45:11,090 --> 00:45:13,770 but even smaller solar flare events 769 00:45:13,970 --> 00:45:16,570 which we see interferes with our communication 770 00:45:16,770 --> 00:45:19,610 and make out in our electricity network 771 00:45:19,810 --> 00:45:21,610 and interference for our satellites. 772 00:45:27,730 --> 00:45:29,490 What's up 773 00:45:32,290 --> 00:45:33,610 New York City. 774 00:45:33,730 --> 00:45:36,090 What causes the storm here? 775 00:45:36,290 --> 00:45:39,410 can occur all over the world scale and much worse. 776 00:45:39,810 --> 00:45:42,250 No electricity, no internet, 777 00:45:42,450 --> 00:45:45,090 there is no drinking water, no toilet flushing, 778 00:45:45,250 --> 00:45:47,130 no gas and no shopping 779 00:45:48,290 --> 00:45:51,450 All you can see is the outline from the hospital against the dark sky A single flashlight lights up one from the hospital room there 780 00:45:51,610 --> 00:45:53,810 When doctors and nurses rush from patients to patients. 781 00:45:54,010 --> 00:45:56,490 In front, ambulance. 782 00:45:56,930 --> 00:45:58,210 These images are from my iPhone When we approach the hospital, 783 00:45:58,370 --> 00:46:00,850 only one of nearly 300 patients who are 784 00:46:01,050 --> 00:46:03,050 one by one is taken out and taken to a safe place. 785 00:46:03,250 --> 00:46:05,450 What we face here is a complete power cut in New York City, and um... 786 00:46:05,890 --> 00:46:09,770 I'm on the third floor of Clear Channel 787 00:46:10,370 --> 00:46:12,170 where Z100, KTU, Lite FM, Q, 788 00:46:12,570 --> 00:46:16,450 789 00:46:16,610 --> 00:46:18,450 we are all on the third floor. 790 00:46:18,650 --> 00:46:21,050 Every station is not active Air in New York City. 791 00:46:22,010 --> 00:46:26,690 I don't think it ever happened in broadcasting history in New York. 792 00:46:27,090 --> 00:46:28,810 This is like the movie Will Smith, man. 793 00:46:29,490 --> 00:46:31,130 This is very strange. Very strange. 794 00:46:31,330 --> 00:46:34,730 And I feel helpless because I'm glad I'm here and I'm safe, 795 00:46:34,970 --> 00:46:37,930 But there is a lot of nonsense at home. 796 00:46:38,130 --> 00:46:39,690 My neighbor says it's messy. 797 00:46:39,890 --> 00:46:42,450 So I'm nervous about me will go home tomorrow 798 00:46:43,650 --> 00:46:44,650 How are you? 799 00:46:44,850 --> 00:46:46,890 This is the control room. 800 00:46:51,650 --> 00:46:53,210 Meet Lawrence Krauss. 801 00:46:53,570 --> 00:46:55,010 As a cosmologist 802 00:46:55,250 --> 00:46:58,330 he studies the origin of our universe. 803 00:46:58,530 --> 00:47:02,450 Most of his attention has been focused on our planet. 804 00:47:03,170 --> 00:47:04,490 If there is a solar flare... 805 00:47:05,290 --> 00:47:10,250 if you destroy the information world cloth now, 806 00:47:10,410 --> 00:47:11,930 Modern civilization will collapse. 807 00:47:13,250 --> 00:47:14,770 Hundreds of millions of people will die. 808 00:47:14,970 --> 00:47:16,610 Billions of people will die. 809 00:47:17,650 --> 00:47:18,890 The world will be, 810 00:47:19,090 --> 00:47:21,850 for people like you and me, 811 00:47:22,050 --> 00:47:25,410 unimaginably ugly, difficult, and... 812 00:47:26,570 --> 00:47:29,050 there is a high probability that I can't survive. 813 00:47:30,690 --> 00:47:32,290 If the internet is turned off, 814 00:47:33,090 --> 00:47:36,330 people won't remember how They used to live before that. 815 00:47:42,050 --> 00:47:45,410 I start thinking about Maslow hierarchy of needs. 816 00:47:45,570 --> 00:47:48,250 I mean, let's go back to the base of the pyramid 817 00:47:48,450 --> 00:47:50,330 and think about food and shelter. 818 00:47:51,090 --> 00:47:53,930 You have a food network that is very dependent on 819 00:47:54,090 --> 00:47:57,450 because it can route digital what needs are and where 820 00:47:57,730 --> 00:48:00,970 and, through the efficiency created when the network works properly, 821 00:48:01,170 --> 00:48:04,570 You don't have a warehouse near people full of food. 822 00:48:04,770 --> 00:48:07,850 If you interfere with the network I imagine, 823 00:48:08,050 --> 00:48:09,130 what do they say? 824 00:48:09,330 --> 00:48:13,490 "Civilization is always around four square meals away from utter destruction"? 825 00:48:13,690 --> 00:48:14,810 That's something 826 00:48:15,450 --> 00:48:17,770 that it won't be bad to prepare. 827 00:48:18,810 --> 00:48:21,690 As we have thought about the internet 828 00:48:21,890 --> 00:48:23,570 where often for purity, 829 00:48:23,770 --> 00:48:26,250 Seeing this time, unnecessary reasons, 830 00:48:26,490 --> 00:48:29,850 We don't only attach every day to objects on the internet but makes them depend on that internet connection 831 00:48:30,010 --> 00:48:32,770 in order to function properly. 832 00:48:32,930 --> 00:48:34,530 So the idea is our standard equipment 833 00:48:34,690 --> 00:48:36,690 can't work without connectivity, 834 00:48:36,890 --> 00:48:39,530 that we won't be able to get... 835 00:48:40,570 --> 00:48:42,730 to the restaurant who in turn will be able to get food and arrange staff... 836 00:48:43,930 --> 00:48:48,530 837 00:48:49,090 --> 00:48:52,130 I suspect, however, that some individuals will survive. 838 00:48:52,290 --> 00:48:56,090 Let's remember that we come from a background where 839 00:48:56,250 --> 00:48:57,330 at one point 840 00:48:58,330 --> 00:49:00,970 the number is less than a thousand individuals live, 841 00:49:01,330 --> 00:49:04,690 maybe go down in the southern part of Africa, 842 00:49:05,050 --> 00:49:07,570 and we are far from hair 843 00:49:07,770 --> 00:49:09,570 from disappearing as a species. 844 00:49:10,650 --> 00:49:13,650 We don't have control over what the sun chooses to do We know that there is a solar cycle, so there are times when high activity 845 00:49:13,810 --> 00:49:17,890 If there are lots of flares and there are times when activity is low 846 00:49:18,050 --> 00:49:20,130 If the number is relatively small. 847 00:49:20,290 --> 00:49:21,530 848 00:49:22,010 --> 00:49:27,490 Events like the Carrington Event appear are quite rare but none, 849 00:49:27,650 --> 00:49:29,330 They are not an isolated event. 850 00:49:29,490 --> 00:49:30,850 We see that the flare is repeated, 851 00:49:31,010 --> 00:49:34,770 It's just that the big one is less common than the small one. 852 00:49:35,410 --> 00:49:37,650 So by observing other stars actually 853 00:49:37,850 --> 00:49:40,690 we can get some ideas how often these things happen 854 00:49:40,850 --> 00:49:43,490 and apparently every few hundred years or more. 855 00:49:43,890 --> 00:49:47,410 So, this is a time problem before we have a large solar flare. 856 00:49:47,650 --> 00:49:49,410 - Um, it's not a problem... -... when? Yes, it is not a problem "if" we will have a large solar flare. 857 00:49:49,570 --> 00:49:52,410 858 00:49:53,410 --> 00:49:55,130 Will we disappear as species? 859 00:49:55,330 --> 00:50:00,330 Again, Werner, I can't tell you because I didn't make predictions. 860 00:50:00,530 --> 00:50:01,610 That will... 861 00:50:02,210 --> 00:50:03,570 unimaginably bad 862 00:50:03,770 --> 00:50:06,010 and I prefer not to think about it now. 863 00:50:19,250 --> 00:50:20,970 Las Vegas, Nevada. 864 00:50:21,170 --> 00:50:25,290 One of the casinos is preparing to entertain DefCon, 865 00:50:25,490 --> 00:50:28,450 annual convention of the hacker community 866 00:50:29,010 --> 00:50:33,530 In less than two decades it has developed for 20,000 participants. 867 00:50:33,890 --> 00:50:36,730 At least a thousand of them are FBI, 868 00:50:36,930 --> 00:50:39,890 CIA, Chinese secret service, 869 00:50:40,090 --> 00:50:42,050 and other interested parties. 870 00:50:42,530 --> 00:50:44,690 We will meet Kevin Mitnick, 871 00:50:44,890 --> 00:50:47,810 a demigod among the hacker community. 872 00:50:48,530 --> 00:50:53,330 Just mention the name here makes everyone speechless in awe. 873 00:50:56,210 --> 00:50:58,370 Am I proud the most famous hacker in the world? 874 00:50:58,730 --> 00:51:02,690 Um... This is the title rather cool to have, 875 00:51:02,850 --> 00:51:06,050 but I have a lot of trials and tribulations 876 00:51:06,210 --> 00:51:07,450 to get to that point 877 00:51:07,650 --> 00:51:12,330 Many bad things happen in my life, like, for example, going to federal prison. 878 00:51:12,530 --> 00:51:14,810 So that is the title obtained, 879 00:51:15,010 --> 00:51:16,450 but I took a difficult path. 880 00:51:17,410 --> 00:51:19,130 When I became a federal fugitive 881 00:51:19,490 --> 00:51:21,890 I'm really worried about being arrested 882 00:51:22,050 --> 00:51:24,890 So what I did was I hacked into a cellphone company, 883 00:51:25,090 --> 00:51:27,130 one of the cellphones company in Los Angeles, 884 00:51:27,330 --> 00:51:29,770 and through what we call metadata... 885 00:51:29,970 --> 00:51:33,490 This is interesting because at this time with the revelations of Edward Snowden, 886 00:51:34,170 --> 00:51:37,130 he talks about very critical metadata 887 00:51:37,330 --> 00:51:40,210 in NSA's ability to track us and see us 888 00:51:40,410 --> 00:51:43,090 and the NSA says, oh, that's just metadata, that doesn't mean anything Let me tell you how can I use metadata 889 00:51:43,250 --> 00:51:45,450 to track the FBI in the 1990s. 890 00:51:45,650 --> 00:51:47,850 I can enter into a cell phone company 891 00:51:48,050 --> 00:51:50,130 892 00:51:50,330 --> 00:51:53,450 and I can identify his phone number 893 00:51:53,650 --> 00:51:57,290 to FBI confidentiality crimes squad in Los Angeles. 894 00:51:57,650 --> 00:52:00,330 And I can see them... 895 00:52:01,770 --> 00:52:03,490 I can't get the contents of the call 896 00:52:03,650 --> 00:52:05,890 but I can see who they call and who calls them 897 00:52:06,050 --> 00:52:08,210 so I can get a lot of intelligence. 898 00:52:08,530 --> 00:52:10,010 And then what I can do is, 899 00:52:10,170 --> 00:52:13,330 through this device, I able to program this device 900 00:52:13,530 --> 00:52:15,370 with all FBI cellphone numbers 901 00:52:15,570 --> 00:52:18,410 from people who are responsible for my investigation 902 00:52:18,610 --> 00:52:20,410 This will start sending me pager alerts 903 00:52:20,610 --> 00:52:24,570 that the FBI cellphone is here, You know, within a mile. 904 00:52:24,770 --> 00:52:25,890 So what did I do that night 905 00:52:26,050 --> 00:52:29,490 I took all my computer stuff: my floppy disk, my CD, 906 00:52:29,650 --> 00:52:31,450 anything related to technology... 907 00:52:31,730 --> 00:52:36,330 I put it at a friend's house and then I went for Winchell's Donuts and I have a big... 908 00:52:36,570 --> 00:52:39,530 I think it is 24 donut boxes. 909 00:52:39,730 --> 00:52:42,330 I took Sharpie and wrote "FBI Donuts" in the box, 910 00:52:42,490 --> 00:52:46,490 I put it in the refrigerator and it is large Note the post-it outside the fridge 911 00:52:46,690 --> 00:52:49,050 You know the logo for Intel says "Intel in"? 912 00:52:49,210 --> 00:52:52,130 I put "FBI donuts in" and Plug them in the refrigerator. 913 00:52:52,290 --> 00:52:55,490 And by chance at 6:00 that morning 914 00:52:56,690 --> 00:52:59,770 I wake up... And how I wake up is 915 00:52:59,970 --> 00:53:01,410 I heard someone shaking the door. 916 00:53:01,570 --> 00:53:05,370 The FBI knocks, they don't shake the door, and I go "who is that?" only instinctively 917 00:53:05,530 --> 00:53:07,450 because I think someone is trying to enter 918 00:53:07,650 --> 00:53:09,330 "FBI, open it! Open it!" 919 00:53:09,530 --> 00:53:11,130 And they are looking for anything electronic... 920 00:53:11,290 --> 00:53:13,850 computers, cellphones, and nothing is there 921 00:53:14,450 --> 00:53:17,610 And once one of them arrives at the fridge... 922 00:53:17,870 --> 00:53:20,090 ... he just left... he went "what the hell?" 923 00:53:20,290 --> 00:53:23,730 You know, he was upset because they Obviously knew I knew they were coming, 924 00:53:23,930 --> 00:53:25,610 so they are not happy. 925 00:53:25,810 --> 00:53:30,130 I was arrested and I was in the court and I thought I would go home that day 926 00:53:30,290 --> 00:53:33,250 and then this federal prosecutor tells the judge 927 00:53:33,410 --> 00:53:37,010 that we don't just have to hold Mr. Mitnick unsecured 928 00:53:37,210 --> 00:53:39,490 but we have to make sure he can't call. 929 00:53:39,650 --> 00:53:41,890 And I really pay Attention at this time, 930 00:53:42,050 --> 00:53:45,090 and then the prosecutor starts telling the judge 931 00:53:45,250 --> 00:53:47,450 that if we let Mr. Mitnick near the phone, 932 00:53:47,650 --> 00:53:50,890 he can contact NORAD, rotate the modem, 933 00:53:51,090 --> 00:53:54,090 whistling to the phone and launching the ICBM. 934 00:53:54,450 --> 00:53:58,130 Facing 400 years in prison I have nothing to lose. 935 00:53:58,330 --> 00:54:00,490 Finally I was detained in a federal prison 936 00:54:00,690 --> 00:54:03,370 without collateral in solitary yearly confinement 937 00:54:04,290 --> 00:54:06,370 After the time is solitary, 938 00:54:06,610 --> 00:54:10,530 Mitnick spent four more years in federal prison. 939 00:54:16,450 --> 00:54:19,050 Because the internet is indeed designed 940 00:54:19,250 --> 00:54:22,250 for communities that trust each other 941 00:54:22,770 --> 00:54:24,930 There is not much protection in it. 942 00:54:25,090 --> 00:54:28,410 Eh, we are not worried about spying on _ each other, for example. 943 00:54:28,610 --> 00:54:32,370 We are not worried someone sends us spam 944 00:54:32,570 --> 00:54:36,810 or bad email or virus because Such people are certain, 945 00:54:37,010 --> 00:54:38,330 You know, it's prohibited from the public. 946 00:54:38,690 --> 00:54:42,450 It will be very good when I get a message if I know where the message came from. 947 00:54:42,650 --> 00:54:45,610 But the method is protocol from internet work, 948 00:54:45,810 --> 00:54:47,370 That is basically impossible. 949 00:54:48,130 --> 00:54:50,530 And that's how I to see the message and guess, 950 00:54:50,690 --> 00:54:52,650 is this someone pretending to be someone else 951 00:54:54,050 --> 00:54:57,330 We can design a system that is completely anonymous or it's really recognizable to that person 952 00:54:57,530 --> 00:55:00,610 and it's time we think what our context wants to support. 953 00:55:00,850 --> 00:55:05,170 A system that can truly be recognized every time is a nightmare. 954 00:55:05,370 --> 00:55:09,610 955 00:55:09,810 --> 00:55:11,890 That's what we don't do want to give up a country 956 00:55:12,090 --> 00:55:13,810 who do not adhere to the rule of law... 957 00:55:15,410 --> 00:55:19,250 ready to be made for them employ with their people. 958 00:55:19,450 --> 00:55:23,970 At the same time, the system can give 959 00:55:24,130 --> 00:55:26,410 there is no accountability at all... 960 00:55:26,610 --> 00:55:28,730 We have that bag online 961 00:55:28,930 --> 00:55:32,610 and most people don't find it interesting. 962 00:55:33,290 --> 00:55:36,770 At any border, before the law gets there, 963 00:55:36,930 --> 00:55:39,570 there are always people who are looking for to utilize the system. 964 00:55:40,050 --> 00:55:41,850 I've seen in the United States, for example, 965 00:55:42,010 --> 00:55:44,930 Maybe like five or six billion identities are lost 966 00:55:45,090 --> 00:55:47,010 but there isn't that many people in the United States 967 00:55:47,170 --> 00:55:49,090 which makes everyone a little Embodied at any time. 968 00:55:49,250 --> 00:55:52,050 What does it mean when you hear it? their identity has been compromised? 969 00:55:52,210 --> 00:55:54,610 That is not always the identity compromises totality. 970 00:55:54,810 --> 00:55:56,410 Sometimes only a small part. 971 00:55:56,570 --> 00:55:58,730 Your identity consists of many things. 972 00:55:58,930 --> 00:56:01,850 There is one you and There are many components 973 00:56:02,050 --> 00:56:03,530 that represents you digitally. 974 00:56:03,730 --> 00:56:07,450 Some compromises in the system are very little impact on you, and some are big, 975 00:56:07,650 --> 00:56:10,130 but the line between your physical life 976 00:56:10,330 --> 00:56:12,770 and digital life becomes much more blurred 977 00:56:12,930 --> 00:56:15,730 and there will be one point where threats are online 978 00:56:15,930 --> 00:56:18,890 will hamper your ability to embrace new technology. 979 00:56:19,090 --> 00:56:21,530 That is my colleague and I have to retreat. 980 00:56:21,730 --> 00:56:25,130 The government can achieve it all the same effects they will do 981 00:56:25,330 --> 00:56:28,010 for international affairs or foreign affairs 982 00:56:28,210 --> 00:56:30,210 without having to rely on war equipment... 983 00:56:30,370 --> 00:56:33,210 This is another tool on the table right? 984 00:56:33,370 --> 00:56:35,730 War is an extension of political in other ways? 985 00:56:35,930 --> 00:56:38,370 Now, there are others one with far less risk, 986 00:56:38,530 --> 00:56:40,890 it's easier to fund, and even includes a few 987 00:56:41,090 --> 00:56:44,290 smaller nation states are the same a bigger playing field. 988 00:56:44,450 --> 00:56:47,970 So dozens of nations countries have the ability to hack others 989 00:56:48,210 --> 00:56:50,570 and they use this as an extension foreign policy 990 00:56:59,810 --> 00:57:05,330 We are curious to look inside The biggest cyber attack is known to date. 991 00:57:07,930 --> 00:57:10,930 You are at Sandia National Laboratory. 992 00:57:11,130 --> 00:57:14,170 What kind of company Sandia, can you explain? 993 00:57:14,690 --> 00:57:17,010 Sure. Sandia National Laboratories 994 00:57:17,170 --> 00:57:19,770 is a government research laboratory, 995 00:57:20,250 --> 00:57:22,690 a Department of Energy Research Laboratory 996 00:57:23,090 --> 00:57:27,090 who works for the national interest: 997 00:57:33,050 --> 00:57:34,930 micro machine research, 998 00:57:36,250 --> 00:57:40,570 cyber security research, such business. 999 00:57:40,770 --> 00:57:42,090 Nuclear weapons? 1000 00:57:42,850 --> 00:57:44,370 Nuclear weapon, yes. 1001 00:57:44,570 --> 00:57:46,650 This is part of the nuclear weapons complex 1002 00:57:47,130 --> 00:57:50,490 for managing inventory together with several other laboratories 1003 00:57:50,650 --> 00:57:54,530 only to ensure that weapons will function properly and... 1004 00:57:57,970 --> 00:58:00,770 Be a great target for cyber attacks. 1005 00:58:00,930 --> 00:58:02,890 - This. - It can't be better. 1006 00:58:04,450 --> 00:58:06,330 This, uh, does have a big target, yeah. 1007 00:58:06,690 --> 00:58:08,610 You stumble over the problem? 1008 00:58:08,770 --> 00:58:09,970 A problem, huh. 1009 00:58:11,330 --> 00:58:14,690 Which is scary in scope, basically, you know, 1010 00:58:14,810 --> 00:58:17,730 hundreds of organizations... 1011 00:58:17,890 --> 00:58:20,290 military, defense, industry-based 1012 00:58:20,450 --> 00:58:23,370 compromised as far as their network 1013 00:58:23,570 --> 00:58:26,650 and, you know, just... 1014 00:58:27,810 --> 00:58:30,090 People maintain a presence on the network 1015 00:58:30,290 --> 00:58:33,490 for the sole purpose of suck value information. 1016 00:58:33,810 --> 00:58:36,130 But we know the World Bank is affected, 1017 00:58:36,290 --> 00:58:40,010 NASA is affected, the military is affected. 1018 00:58:40,610 --> 00:58:41,690 That's right. 1019 00:58:43,410 --> 00:58:46,190 I can't talk about it. Forgive me. 1020 00:58:47,570 --> 00:58:48,690 OK, but... 1021 00:58:49,330 --> 00:58:51,050 we know the name 1022 00:58:51,570 --> 00:58:54,690 We have a beautiful name: Titan Rain. 1023 00:58:54,850 --> 00:58:55,850 Mm hmm. 1024 00:58:56,050 --> 00:58:58,650 - Can you at least nod? - Yes. 1025 00:59:00,530 --> 00:59:04,210 The scope of our conversation is greatly reduced, 1026 00:59:04,570 --> 00:59:09,170 but some information here is part of the court process. 1027 00:59:09,370 --> 00:59:11,890 Transcripts are public records, 1028 00:59:12,090 --> 00:59:15,050 includes names created by the FBI. 1029 00:59:17,050 --> 00:59:20,570 You don't wake up at night in the office, Do you wake up at night at home? 1030 00:59:20,770 --> 00:59:22,570 Until night at home, huh. 1031 00:59:22,770 --> 00:59:24,010 Lots of coffee? 1032 00:59:24,610 --> 00:59:25,890 Lots of coffee. 1033 00:59:26,690 --> 00:59:27,890 Many Nicorette. 1034 00:59:29,850 --> 00:59:32,770 And how valuable is it to keep the enemy away? 1035 00:59:33,530 --> 00:59:34,850 To find a track? 1036 00:59:35,610 --> 00:59:37,330 This is very useful. 1037 00:59:37,530 --> 00:59:38,730 It's like a puzzle, 1038 00:59:38,930 --> 00:59:42,610 finding patterns in chaos that shouldn't be there 1039 00:59:42,970 --> 00:59:44,770 and find this anomaly. 1040 00:59:44,930 --> 00:59:46,450 And once you scratch the surface, 1041 00:59:46,650 --> 00:59:51,130 You begin to collect instructions and develop a better picture. 1042 00:59:51,570 --> 00:59:54,050 You can be sure that you are pursuing 1043 00:59:54,210 --> 00:59:56,570 certain people or certain entities 1044 00:59:56,730 --> 00:59:59,050 and that can only be a ghost. 1045 00:59:59,250 --> 01:00:01,250 Until you have some physical evidence, 1046 01:00:01,410 --> 01:00:03,370 You have someone kicking a door down 1047 01:00:03,570 --> 01:00:06,730 and see that this is the person It's actually behind the keyboard, 1048 01:00:06,930 --> 01:00:09,490 Everything can be a myth or an illusion. 1049 01:00:10,210 --> 01:00:13,090 It could be, you know, sort of layered thing 1050 01:00:13,250 --> 01:00:15,250 or at the same time, you know, 1051 01:00:15,450 --> 01:00:19,490 only to reduce power, financial system, 1052 01:00:19,650 --> 01:00:21,570 and only decrease, damage them. 1053 01:00:21,730 --> 01:00:25,010 Sometimes even worse than dropping it, you damage it 1054 01:00:25,210 --> 01:00:28,890 and break down faith, say, on the stock market. 1055 01:00:29,050 --> 01:00:31,690 Don't take it down, You start changing prices, 1056 01:00:31,890 --> 01:00:33,570 You start changing notes, 1057 01:00:34,250 --> 01:00:38,450 and you delete it in bulk and only cause chaos 1058 01:00:38,650 --> 01:00:41,570 so the market can't recover and come for days. 1059 01:00:42,010 --> 01:00:44,210 The possibility of taking over the spaceship 1060 01:00:44,410 --> 01:00:46,130 and decrease the orbit of the spacecraft 1061 01:00:46,330 --> 01:00:49,530 so they burn, and vital GPS communication 1062 01:00:49,690 --> 01:00:52,090 and other types of communication... 1063 01:00:52,250 --> 01:00:54,250 there is nothing there to replace it again. 1064 01:00:54,450 --> 01:00:57,770 Could it be that we are now in cyber warfare that we don't even notice? 1065 01:00:57,930 --> 01:00:59,490 Sure. 1066 01:00:59,650 --> 01:01:00,610 It doesn't matter how much money a company invests in technology. 1067 01:01:06,650 --> 01:01:10,170 You can spend tens of thousands of dollars 1068 01:01:10,330 --> 01:01:12,330 on your firewall, in Intrusion prevention systems 1069 01:01:12,530 --> 01:01:15,410 and your spam, on your anti-virus, 1070 01:01:15,610 --> 01:01:18,490 and if I can manipulate one person 1071 01:01:19,170 --> 01:01:22,170 Inside the company, I enter 1072 01:01:22,330 --> 01:01:24,050 95% of work, when I used to do this in the past, 1073 01:01:24,370 --> 01:01:26,850 is research and find out about 1074 01:01:27,010 --> 01:01:28,730 1075 01:01:28,890 --> 01:01:30,810 human elements and gathering information 1076 01:01:31,010 --> 01:01:34,570 and email and their personal email and conference 1077 01:01:34,770 --> 01:01:36,930 that they are only in and who speak in front of them 1078 01:01:37,090 --> 01:01:40,170 and the person's e-mail address so I can send that person 1079 01:01:40,330 --> 01:01:42,370 rigged PDF attachments 1080 01:01:42,530 --> 01:01:44,370 That might look normal and forge it 1081 01:01:44,610 --> 01:01:46,970 because I just talked to this person so I will open it 1082 01:01:47,130 --> 01:01:50,730 And nothing happens on my computer but entering background is a little Trojan falling 1083 01:01:50,930 --> 01:01:53,770 who starts communicating which allows me to access 1084 01:01:53,970 --> 01:01:56,890 and then I, you know, gather more information 1085 01:01:57,090 --> 01:01:58,890 I take the contact book, 1086 01:01:59,090 --> 01:02:02,010 I found people who knew the information 1087 01:02:02,170 --> 01:02:04,090 that I am interested in exploiting, 1088 01:02:04,250 --> 01:02:08,010 and then I send an email from him with the same type of attachment 1089 01:02:08,210 --> 01:02:11,090 and finally I have what I want. 1090 01:02:11,610 --> 01:02:13,450 People are the weakest link in security. 1091 01:02:16,130 --> 01:02:18,650 Now through this special TV offer you can receive 1092 01:02:18,810 --> 01:02:22,410 a Motorola flip cellphone with Cellular One service with just one cent a day. 1093 01:02:22,610 --> 01:02:25,770 Now everyone can enjoy freedom from private cell phones. 1094 01:02:26,290 --> 01:02:27,610 You can make calls anywhere... 1095 01:02:27,810 --> 01:02:29,370 Or call anytime. 1096 01:02:31,250 --> 01:02:33,250 So I live in Denver, Colorado, 1097 01:02:33,490 --> 01:02:35,690 I happen to not live under the name Kevin Mitnick, 1098 01:02:35,890 --> 01:02:37,530 I am under the name Eric Weiss. 1099 01:02:38,170 --> 01:02:39,370 Why is Eric Weiss? 1100 01:02:39,610 --> 01:02:42,210 Because at that time I was a federal fugitive I am hiding from the FBI 1101 01:02:42,410 --> 01:02:43,530 and my idol is Harry Houdini and that's the real name Harry Houdini, 1102 01:02:43,690 --> 01:02:46,850 so I think I have a sense of humor. 1103 01:02:46,970 --> 01:02:48,330 So I call directory assistance, I got the number to Motorola. 1104 01:02:54,330 --> 01:02:56,970 I am now talking to the Vice President 1105 01:02:57,170 --> 01:02:58,890 for Research and Development for all Motorola Mobility 1106 01:02:59,090 --> 01:03:01,850 and I go "Hey, this is Rick in Arlington Heights" 1107 01:03:02,010 --> 01:03:04,250 1108 01:03:04,450 --> 01:03:06,410 because I know they have Arlington Heights facilities. 1109 01:03:06,610 --> 01:03:08,810 "I am looking for a project manager from MicroTAC". 1110 01:03:09,250 --> 01:03:11,410 And VP goes "Oh, it's Pam. 1111 01:03:11,610 --> 01:03:12,970 He works for me, Do you want him to be an extension?" 1112 01:03:15,290 --> 01:03:16,650 So my next call is to Pam 1113 01:03:16,850 --> 01:03:19,290 but I didn't catch it, I say goodbye 1114 01:03:19,450 --> 01:03:21,850 on the voicemail and he told the caller 1115 01:03:22,010 --> 01:03:23,770 that he just went on a two-week vacation, 1116 01:03:23,930 --> 01:03:26,170 the date he returns, and if you need any help 1117 01:03:26,330 --> 01:03:28,690 please contact Alicia in extension blah, blah, blah. 1118 01:03:29,090 --> 01:03:31,010 So of course my next call is Alicia 1119 01:03:31,170 --> 01:03:33,770 and he answered the phone and I went "Hey, Alicia, 1120 01:03:33,970 --> 01:03:35,490 This is Rick in Arlington Heights. 1121 01:03:35,650 --> 01:03:37,610 Does Pam go on vacation?" 1122 01:03:37,810 --> 01:03:39,170 Of course, I already know he has. 1123 01:03:39,330 --> 01:03:42,130 And he goes "Yes" and I go "Well, before he leaves, 1124 01:03:42,330 --> 01:03:44,530 He says that you can help me get a copy of 1125 01:03:44,690 --> 01:03:47,970 from the MicroTAC source code. He says you will help me out". 1126 01:03:48,130 --> 01:03:51,130 Approximately five minutes later he goes "I found the source code". 1127 01:03:52,610 --> 01:03:55,650 You know, he gave me the release number and he left "but there is a problem. 1128 01:03:55,810 --> 01:03:59,330 Rick, I have to talk to my security manager 1129 01:03:59,490 --> 01:04:01,690 about what you ask me do. I will be right back ". = About eight minutes later he returned on the phone 1130 01:04:01,850 --> 01:04:03,130 I was nervous, thinking about it installing a tape recorder 1131 01:04:03,290 --> 01:04:05,770 and that would be Proof A in a court case later. I went "eh-huh?" 1132 01:04:06,010 --> 01:04:07,770 and he left "the IP address You gave me to transfer files 1133 01:04:07,930 --> 01:04:10,450 not on the Motorola campus, it's out, 1134 01:04:10,650 --> 01:04:12,610 1135 01:04:12,770 --> 01:04:14,970 1136 01:04:15,130 --> 01:04:17,170 1137 01:04:17,370 --> 01:04:21,810 1138 01:04:22,010 --> 01:04:24,330 1139 01:04:24,690 --> 01:04:26,850 and therefore I can't transfer files 1140 01:04:27,010 --> 01:04:29,690 because we need to use a special proxy server to do it 1141 01:04:29,890 --> 01:04:31,050 and I don't have an account ". 1142 01:04:31,290 --> 01:04:33,370 And I go" Uh-huh ", you know and I just go 1143 01:04:33,530 --> 01:04:38,250 " Okay, thank you very much "and he goes " Wait, wait, I have good news for you ". 1144 01:04:38,450 --> 01:04:39,450 I went" what? " 1145 01:04:39,610 --> 01:04:42,610 He left" My security manager gave me 1146 01:04:42,810 --> 01:04:45,370 username and password 1147 01:04:45,530 --> 01:04:48,010 so I can enter the proxy server to send the file! " 1148 01:04:48,570 --> 01:04:51,530 Motorola has a lot of security, technical security, 1149 01:04:51,770 --> 01:04:54,330 But it only takes 15 minutes with the provision of a good gab 1150 01:04:54,490 --> 01:04:55,770 to get the crown jewel. 1151 01:04:55,930 --> 01:04:57,330 So that's how it works. 1152 01:04:57,530 --> 01:04:59,250 But you don't sell it. That is curiosity. 1153 01:04:59,410 --> 01:05:00,850 - No. - That is exercise. 1154 01:05:01,010 --> 01:05:01,930 Cup 1155 01:05:11,330 --> 01:05:13,850 This is Taurus, a concept that has developed from the results of the work of this team scientists and engineers. 1156 01:05:14,010 --> 01:05:17,010 They believe that huge space colony 1157 01:05:17,210 --> 01:05:19,130 can be built before 2000. 1158 01:05:19,330 --> 01:05:21,370 Built almost entirely of the ore mined on the moon, 1159 01:05:21,850 --> 01:05:24,730 Taurus colonies will be home for 10,000 people. 1160 01:05:24,890 --> 01:05:28,330 The idea of creating colonies outside the planet Earth 1161 01:05:29,170 --> 01:05:32,770 1162 01:05:33,090 --> 01:05:35,170 has been around for a long time. 1163 01:05:36,450 --> 01:05:40,890 Water problems, The air and shelter appear to have been solved. 1164 01:05:42,010 --> 01:05:45,170 Actually, nothing seems inviting out there. 1165 01:05:46,330 --> 01:05:48,930 There are private companies, SpaceX, 1166 01:05:49,090 --> 01:05:52,690 who pursue this idea in practical terms. 1167 01:05:53,410 --> 01:05:57,010 Here rockets are there assembled for transportation. 1168 01:05:58,130 --> 01:06:01,050 SpaceX founder, Elon Musk, 1169 01:06:01,210 --> 01:06:03,050 not just a dreamer 1170 01:06:03,250 --> 01:06:05,490 He makes money with PayPal, 1171 01:06:05,690 --> 01:06:07,850 he is building a Tesla electric car, 1172 01:06:08,050 --> 01:06:09,650 and now build 1173 01:06:09,970 --> 01:06:12,930 biggest factory for batteries on this planet 1174 01:06:13,650 --> 01:06:14,890 After setbacks, 1175 01:06:15,130 --> 01:06:17,730 he is now successfully launching a rocket. 1176 01:06:28,290 --> 01:06:31,570 For the first time in history from Earth, in 4.5 billion years, 1177 01:06:32,290 --> 01:06:34,890 The window is likely to be open to us 1178 01:06:35,090 --> 01:06:37,570 to extend life to another planet. 1179 01:06:37,770 --> 01:06:41,130 For the best of our knowledge life only exists on Earth 1180 01:06:41,730 --> 01:06:43,850 You know, there is a good argument that it is somewhere else 1181 01:06:44,050 --> 01:06:45,490 but we don't see the signs. 1182 01:06:45,690 --> 01:06:48,010 I think it's important for us to take advantage 1183 01:06:48,210 --> 01:06:50,610 from that window when open 1184 01:06:50,810 --> 01:06:53,050 and to build lives 1185 01:06:53,330 --> 01:06:55,210 on other planets in the solar system 1186 01:06:55,410 --> 01:06:58,250 in case something goes wrong with Earth. 1187 01:06:58,690 --> 01:06:59,690 Um... 1188 01:07:00,130 --> 01:07:01,090 And, uh... 1189 01:07:01,210 --> 01:07:04,290 You know, there might also be natural or man-made disasters 1190 01:07:04,450 --> 01:07:06,610 which taps technology level 1191 01:07:06,810 --> 01:07:11,810 below that where it's possible to travel to another planet. 1192 01:07:16,610 --> 01:07:19,210 get unit-mass costs 1193 01:07:19,410 --> 01:07:22,330 There is a fairly low level intersection set: 1194 01:07:22,490 --> 01:07:24,490 collection of people who want to move to Mars 1195 01:07:24,690 --> 01:07:28,370 and a group of people who are able to do it move to Mars including government assistance. 1196 01:07:29,010 --> 01:07:31,450 I mean, now we can't even bring one person to Mars. 1197 01:07:31,610 --> 01:07:33,370 - So, obviously... - I'll come along. 1198 01:07:34,010 --> 01:07:35,490 I won't have a problem 1199 01:07:35,770 --> 01:07:37,410 - One-way ticket. - It sounds good. 1200 01:07:37,570 --> 01:07:39,570 - I will be your candidate - Good. 1201 01:07:40,930 --> 01:07:43,650 I think we will want... 1202 01:07:44,530 --> 01:07:46,050 offers a round trip because 1203 01:07:46,450 --> 01:07:49,850 more people want to go If they think that if they don't like it, 1204 01:07:50,010 --> 01:07:51,130 they can come back 1205 01:07:52,610 --> 01:07:55,930 But how can we talk to them? who chooses to stay 1206 01:07:56,690 --> 01:07:59,850 Who will tell them the results of the World Series? 1207 01:08:02,290 --> 01:08:05,250 Mars is actually relatively easy 1208 01:08:05,530 --> 01:08:09,090 internet to build, at least for local internet because 1209 01:08:09,730 --> 01:08:12,090 You won't live everywhere on Mars 1210 01:08:12,250 --> 01:08:15,890 so you really only need maybe four satellites 1211 01:08:16,090 --> 01:08:20,690 to have global internet coverage 1212 01:08:20,890 --> 01:08:24,050 because how rare Civilization will be on Mars. 1213 01:08:25,850 --> 01:08:29,210 And then some relays satellites to return to earth 1214 01:08:30,930 --> 01:08:32,890 Especially when Mars is on the other side of the sun, 1215 01:08:33,050 --> 01:08:35,290 You need to reflect it from the relay satellite, 1216 01:08:35,450 --> 01:08:37,050 You can't communicate directly with him. 1217 01:08:38,810 --> 01:08:40,930 Horizon Chicago 1218 01:08:42,690 --> 01:08:45,410 This looks without its inhabitants. 1219 01:08:45,730 --> 01:08:47,810 We must assume that almost everyone 1220 01:08:47,970 --> 01:08:50,530 has left a colony out there. 1221 01:08:50,730 --> 01:08:54,930 # Are you lonely tonight? # 1222 01:08:55,650 --> 01:08:59,410 # Do you miss me tonight? # 1223 01:09:00,050 --> 01:09:06,410 # Do you regret being separated? # 1224 01:09:08,730 --> 01:09:12,930 # Does your memory deviate # 1225 01:09:13,090 --> 01:09:14,770 # For sunny sunny days # 1226 01:09:14,930 --> 01:09:18,690 Planetarium is the only point of contact. 1227 01:09:19,170 --> 01:09:23,290 Inside, a monument to that that has drifted and left. 1228 01:09:23,930 --> 01:09:26,890 Yes, things are definitely very good out there. 1229 01:09:27,090 --> 01:09:30,970 # Are seats in your living room # 1230 01:09:32,090 --> 01:09:34,770 # Looks empty and empty? # 1231 01:09:34,930 --> 01:09:37,770 But then we met some people who were left behind. 1232 01:09:38,210 --> 01:09:40,490 Everything is on their smartphone. 1233 01:09:42,970 --> 01:09:45,410 Do monks stop meditating? 1234 01:09:45,570 --> 01:09:47,250 Do they stop praying? 1235 01:09:47,450 --> 01:09:49,650 They all seem to be tweeting. 1236 01:09:49,850 --> 01:09:53,730 Should I come back again? # 1237 01:09:54,330 --> 01:10:00,970 # Tell me, honey, are you lonely tonight? # 1238 01:10:03,570 --> 01:10:06,410 How can we communicate with stars out there? 1239 01:10:06,610 --> 01:10:08,170 who has the potential to have life? 1240 01:10:08,850 --> 01:10:11,970 Well, we can think of creating sort of remote internet 1241 01:10:12,130 --> 01:10:14,890 good through the use of radio waves 1242 01:09:07,090 --> 01:10:17,290 or maybe visible light. 1243 01:10:19,610 --> 01:10:22,250 which we can produce cases of lower energy signals 1244 01:10:22,450 --> 01:10:24,250 like cheap radio waves 1245 01:10:24,410 --> 01:10:28,490 and we can broadcast, if we come with the appropriate code 1246 01:10:29,250 --> 01:10:31,370 several ways to transmit information 1247 01:10:31,570 --> 01:10:33,850 more than the distance of the galaxy and intergalactic. 1248 01:10:34,010 --> 01:10:37,530 But we will get an answer back in 800,000 years? 1249 01:10:37,810 --> 01:10:40,530 Maybe 2.5 million years? 1250 01:10:40,730 --> 01:10:43,530 Well, I think that more and more are looking for 1251 01:10:43,650 --> 01:10:46,130 planets in the universe outside our solar system 1252 01:10:46,330 --> 01:10:49,690 potential places that may be friendly to life, 1253 01:10:50,010 --> 01:10:52,530 the more you appreciate this beautiful planet 1254 01:10:52,690 --> 01:10:55,050 we have here that allows us to do something 1255 01:10:55,170 --> 01:10:56,530 like swimming in the ocean, 1256 01:10:56,730 --> 01:10:59,890 breathe air without our technology help 1257 01:11:00,090 --> 01:11:03,970 and so, while I want us to explore Mars more, 1258 01:11:04,210 --> 01:11:06,050 I think the only that we have shown is 1259 01:11:06,170 --> 01:11:08,770 we are very good destroy the sustainability of the earth, 1260 01:11:09,490 --> 01:11:11,570 rather than fixing habitability 1261 01:11:11,730 --> 01:11:13,250 from a truly foreign world 1262 01:11:14,010 --> 01:11:16,810 The idea that Mars would somehow save us 1263 01:11:17,010 --> 01:11:19,090 from the decision we made This is wrong. 1264 01:11:19,410 --> 01:11:21,290 And it's a bit like saying that 1265 01:11:21,410 --> 01:11:23,970 You will go live in the lifeboat when, you know, 1266 01:11:24,090 --> 01:11:25,930 Even lifeboats need a place to land. 1267 01:11:41,490 --> 01:11:42,930 I don't think I have a good dream. 1268 01:11:43,130 --> 01:11:44,930 I'm sure sometimes I have a beautiful dream, 1269 01:11:45,090 --> 01:11:47,050 But it seems like I don't remember a good dream. 1270 01:11:48,410 --> 01:11:51,890 What I remember is a nightmare. 1271 01:11:55,250 --> 01:11:59,650 Prussian war theorist, Clausewitz, 1272 01:11:59,810 --> 01:12:01,650 Napoleon times, 1273 01:12:01,850 --> 01:12:06,290 once famous said, "Sometimes the dream of war itself". 1274 01:12:07,450 --> 01:12:11,250 Could it be that the internet starts dreaming by itself? 1275 01:12:17,850 --> 01:12:19,210 Good question 1276 01:12:22,010 --> 01:12:25,570 To think about dreaming, There may be two aspects. 1277 01:12:26,010 --> 01:12:28,490 One of them is... what I call consciousness, 1278 01:12:28,690 --> 01:12:31,970 when you wake up and you say "I just dreamed of this" and you know that. 1279 01:12:32,410 --> 01:12:34,890 Other aspects just... 1280 01:12:35,770 --> 01:12:38,130 several types of patterns activities that appear, 1281 01:12:38,330 --> 01:12:40,890 Not because of external stimuli 1282 01:12:41,050 --> 01:12:43,130 but only because something happened 1283 01:12:43,290 --> 01:12:45,130 in unexpected patterns 1284 01:12:46,010 --> 01:12:48,210 I think the internet has the second of them, 1285 01:12:48,370 --> 01:12:50,050 has an unexpected pattern all the time. 1286 01:12:50,210 --> 01:12:53,530 They cause things like flash crashes on financial markets. 1287 01:12:54,770 --> 01:12:58,370 So we have many types of currents running on the internet 1288 01:12:58,530 --> 01:13:02,650 it is unpredictable, in some cases unstoppable. 1289 01:13:02,810 --> 01:13:03,890 Imaginative? 1290 01:13:06,450 --> 01:13:09,370 Now coming to what happened we mean imaginatively. 1291 01:13:09,530 --> 01:13:10,610 But if we mean... 1292 01:13:10,770 --> 01:13:12,370 We call someone imaginative 1293 01:13:12,530 --> 01:13:15,930 if they come up with ideas that we don't think about 1294 01:13:16,450 --> 01:13:19,250 and that we still admire. 1295 01:13:19,410 --> 01:13:20,450 If they can... 1296 01:13:20,570 --> 01:13:23,490 Usually admiration is part of it. 1297 01:13:23,970 --> 01:13:27,290 So for the internet, so far I think that is mostly just unexpected. 1298 01:13:27,570 --> 01:13:31,170 I have not seen any internet do it myself which I admire. 1299 01:13:33,890 --> 01:13:35,570 What is the dream of the internet itself? 1300 01:13:36,090 --> 01:13:39,090 That is in the sense of being able to produce 1301 01:13:39,290 --> 01:13:41,890 Additional networks layered on top of it 1302 01:13:42,050 --> 01:13:45,330 which has the characteristics of from the underlying internet. 1303 01:13:45,530 --> 01:13:48,570 So the same as basic internet is a computer series 1304 01:13:48,730 --> 01:13:50,290 It happens to talk to the internet with each other so you can move a little from here to there, 1305 01:13:50,450 --> 01:13:52,570 There is a colleague named Sir Tim Berners-Lee 1306 01:13:52,930 --> 01:13:55,530 and choose not to be copyrighted, 1307 01:13:58,330 --> 01:14:00,410 1308 01:14:00,610 --> 01:14:04,570 not to patent it, to allow anyone to speak "server" 1309 01:14:04,730 --> 01:14:06,170 and some people talk "client" 1310 01:14:06,330 --> 01:14:08,410 and before you know it, you have a website. 1311 01:14:08,570 --> 01:14:12,050 The web is the internet that dreams of itself. 1312 01:14:20,770 --> 01:14:23,810 which then turned into a movie, Blade Runner, and I think it's called 1313 01:14:23,970 --> 01:14:25,810 "Is the dream of an electric sheep dream?" 1314 01:14:26,010 --> 01:14:27,210 Dream of the robot, 1315 01:14:27,930 --> 01:14:30,290 But the internet is nothing but a connection. 1316 01:14:30,490 --> 01:14:33,170 Will it have its own consciousness? 1317 01:14:33,370 --> 01:14:35,450 Will it have its own rules? 1318 01:14:35,610 --> 01:14:37,450 And maybe... 1319 01:14:38,050 --> 01:14:40,930 in a world more frightening, world of science fiction, 1320 01:14:41,090 --> 01:14:43,970 Will the internet make it the decision itself? 1321 01:14:44,210 --> 01:14:47,570 And will be a decision about how communication occurs 1322 01:14:47,770 --> 01:14:49,170 coming out of human hands 1323 01:14:49,370 --> 01:14:50,850 That is of course a possibility. 1324 01:14:51,730 --> 01:14:54,010 But because we don't even understand consciousness, 1325 01:14:54,530 --> 01:14:58,930 I am hesitant to make predictions and I think anyone who claims 1326 01:15:15,290 --> 01:15:16,450 Pittsburgh. 1327 01:15:27,490 --> 01:15:31,770 This one named Chimp is testing his own legs. 1328 01:15:35,890 --> 01:15:39,690 Soon their battalion is connected via the internet 1329 01:15:44,850 --> 01:15:47,770 I think it will run through the lifting joint for a moment. 1330 01:16:02,850 --> 01:16:05,810 wishes and hopes and dreams, 1331 01:16:06,010 --> 01:16:09,650 and those are things that still make humans human 1332 01:16:09,850 --> 01:16:12,330 and robots on a much lower scale. 1333 01:16:13,690 --> 01:16:15,770 Well, you can think of this scenario 1334 01:16:15,930 --> 01:16:17,370 almost like a dreaming robot 1335 01:16:17,530 --> 01:16:19,570 This is a robot conceptualizing what will happen happens in the future 1336 01:16:20,090 --> 01:16:23,290 and think of a different scenario 1337 01:16:23,450 --> 01:16:25,250 and for all the movements he is considering 1338 01:16:25,410 --> 01:16:28,130 thousands and thousands of of scenarios per second 1339 01:16:28,250 --> 01:16:30,650 that might happen, especially when you get to the point 1340 01:16:30,810 --> 01:16:34,050 from robots exchanging information with each other, 1341 01:16:34,210 --> 01:16:36,530 then you might have a robot dream about a place 1342 01:16:36,730 --> 01:16:39,130 it's not even yet. 1343 01:16:39,330 --> 01:16:40,530 This is the view of Chimp of the world now 1344 01:17:02,170 --> 01:17:04,970 1345 01:17:05,130 --> 01:17:07,810 using a high resolution laser scanner 1346 01:17:07,970 --> 01:17:10,010 and that must really build... 1347 01:17:10,370 --> 01:17:13,170 learn about what is happening in the environment. 1348 01:17:13,370 --> 01:17:16,650 In this case the valve is that it tries to turn 1349 01:17:16,890 --> 01:17:18,610 and we see the initial planning... 1350 01:17:18,810 --> 01:17:21,330 It's like a robot imagination of what will happen: 1351 01:17:21,530 --> 01:17:24,170 where the gripper will become, how it will go into the valve, 1352 01:17:24,370 --> 01:17:25,490 and how to manipulate it. 1353 01:17:25,690 --> 01:17:29,490 Can the valve open Fukushima and prevent an explosion? 1354 01:17:29,690 --> 01:17:32,810 That is one of the important things that spurs this research... 1355 01:17:33,050 --> 01:17:36,330 Realizing that is too dangerous for humans to enter 1356 01:17:36,530 --> 01:17:39,890 But if you can have a robot enter and do some simple things, 1357 01:17:40,090 --> 01:17:42,610 These simple things humans cannot do: 1358 01:17:42,810 --> 01:17:46,010 open the valve to change coolant flow pattern, 1359 01:17:48,450 --> 01:17:49,850 That will make all the difference 1360 01:17:50,050 --> 01:17:53,410 in preventing hydrogen formation and subsequent explosions. 1361 01:17:54,050 --> 01:17:56,610 How valuable is a cockroach to you? 1362 01:17:56,770 --> 01:18:00,290 I think any insect is extraordinary, uh... 1363 01:18:01,570 --> 01:18:04,050 going forward, compared to the country of art robots now. 1364 01:18:04,250 --> 01:18:08,050 If you think of cockroaches, the fact is that they can run on the floor Can be avoided from danger, can find food for himself, 1365 01:18:08,250 --> 01:18:11,130 it can reproduce, 1366 01:18:11,290 --> 01:18:12,370 1367 01:18:12,570 --> 01:18:16,650 and can live for several years by itself, 1368 01:18:17,090 --> 01:18:19,490 The robot is not near that point 1369 01:18:19,650 --> 01:18:23,210 and I think it will be great when we have even 1370 01:18:23,410 --> 01:18:25,050 as much as ability as a cockroach. 1371 01:18:35,970 --> 01:18:39,050 I can't just imagine it artificial intelligence 1372 01:18:39,250 --> 01:18:41,610 develop spontaneously on the internet 1373 01:18:41,810 --> 01:18:44,490 but I can't tell you has never happened 1374 01:18:46,170 --> 01:18:47,370 Because... 1375 01:18:48,290 --> 01:18:51,330 it will not always reveal itself to us. 1376 01:18:52,450 --> 01:18:54,970 I think it's the biggest risk is not that AI will... 1377 01:18:55,730 --> 01:18:59,090 develop your own will, but rather that he will follow the will 1378 01:18:59,250 --> 01:19:03,050 people who build utility functions, 1379 01:19:03,290 --> 01:19:06,370 optimization function, and that optimization function, 1380 01:19:07,290 --> 01:19:08,530 if indeed... 1381 01:19:09,970 --> 01:19:13,050 not well thought out, I mean even if it's relative... 1382 01:19:13,330 --> 01:19:17,690 if the meaning is benign, it can be a bad result. 1383 01:19:17,850 --> 01:19:20,650 For example, if you... 1384 01:19:23,090 --> 01:19:27,450 Well, what I want Al to do is maximize the value of my portfolio, 1385 01:19:28,290 --> 01:19:29,370 then... 1386 01:19:29,850 --> 01:19:31,050 Al can decide, 1387 01:19:31,250 --> 01:19:35,130 Well, the best way to do it is for short consumer stocks, 1388 01:19:35,290 --> 01:19:37,930 go long stock defense, and start a war. 1389 01:19:39,450 --> 01:19:41,370 And that will obviously be very bad. 1390 01:19:44,090 --> 01:19:46,970 Such attacks will be much more boring 1391 01:19:47,290 --> 01:19:52,170 rather than this alien invasion in the SpaceX reception area. 1392 01:19:59,610 --> 01:20:01,610 I think we will arrive at the point where 1393 01:20:01,810 --> 01:20:05,010 almost everything we do will be done by the machine. 1394 01:20:05,210 --> 01:20:07,290 And we still need people 1395 01:20:07,450 --> 01:20:10,610 but if you ask about there will ever be... 1396 01:20:11,650 --> 01:20:14,170 a smart man made machines that make movies? 1397 01:20:14,330 --> 01:20:15,490 Certainly yes. 1398 01:20:15,650 --> 01:20:18,730 Will it be as good as yours? No one can approach. 1399 01:20:18,930 --> 01:20:19,970 Of course not. 1400 01:20:20,130 --> 01:20:23,450 But actually I think almost everything we do, 1401 01:20:23,650 --> 01:20:27,250 we found the machine to work better, and the reason why is that 1402 01:20:27,450 --> 01:20:29,610 is because the machine learns faster than people can learn. 1403 01:20:30,290 --> 01:20:33,090 But they can't fall in love as we like. 1404 01:20:33,370 --> 01:20:35,650 And will it be useful machines to fall in love? 1405 01:20:36,570 --> 01:20:38,610 Do we want to have machines 1406 01:20:38,770 --> 01:20:40,530 is it the same as people? I will say no 1407 01:20:40,730 --> 01:20:42,850 Honestly, if the dishwasher came to me and said 1408 01:20:43,010 --> 01:20:45,250 "Look, I fell in love with a fridge and, 1409 01:20:45,410 --> 01:20:47,730 As a result, I have no time to wash dishes". 1410 01:20:47,930 --> 01:20:49,570 I don't like dishwashers. 1411 01:20:49,730 --> 01:20:51,810 We will have a revolution 1412 01:20:51,970 --> 01:20:54,770 not only in our technology, but in our theology. 1413 01:20:54,970 --> 01:20:56,490 We don't even have a name for that 1414 01:20:56,690 --> 01:20:59,370 but on the internet, This is about connectivity, 1415 01:20:59,610 --> 01:21:02,010 This is around building a machine to think for us 1416 01:21:02,650 --> 01:21:05,810 and I think we will be due again 1417 01:21:06,490 --> 01:21:08,410 in our morals, in... 1418 01:21:08,730 --> 01:21:11,130 in our definition of what means being human. 1419 01:21:11,410 --> 01:21:13,930 We were right at the beginning, 1420 01:21:14,130 --> 01:21:16,010 and so you can see we try to kind of... 1421 01:21:16,690 --> 01:21:19,370 feel and create this new community 1422 01:21:19,610 --> 01:21:22,370 and find this new idea what is right and wrong 1423 01:21:22,530 --> 01:21:24,450 What can we depend on each other for... 1424 01:21:24,610 --> 01:21:26,930 or what can we expect from each other? 1425 01:21:27,610 --> 01:21:29,450 How much do we want to do that? 1426 01:21:30,450 --> 01:21:33,650 So I think this is a very creative time 1427 01:21:33,850 --> 01:21:36,290 in human history... not only technologically 1428 01:21:37,290 --> 01:21:39,490 but also morally and culturally. 1429 01:22:48,730 --> 01:22:50,850 This room should know I'm here. 1430 01:22:51,650 --> 01:22:53,210 I have to be able to talk to him. 1431 01:22:53,370 --> 01:22:55,130 I should be able to give my verbal answers. 1432 01:22:55,290 --> 01:22:57,690 I have to ask where, for example, is a high-speed printer? 1433 01:22:57,850 --> 01:22:59,210 Or where do I leave my key? 1434 01:22:59,450 --> 01:23:00,810 Or where are there books on this topic? 1435 01:23:01,010 --> 01:23:02,490 And that must answer me with words, 1436 01:23:02,650 --> 01:23:05,890 with a hologram, with a screen, in a very natural way. 1437 01:23:06,330 --> 01:23:08,970 I should use cues and touches, 1438 01:23:09,530 --> 01:23:11,890 even my smell and senses 1439 01:23:12,090 --> 01:23:16,490 to interact in a very humanistic way with this technology around us. 1440 01:23:16,690 --> 01:23:20,410 And so the technology is out to our physical world and become embedded in our walls, at our table, in our body, 1441 01:23:21,490 --> 01:23:24,890 on our fingernails, in our car, in our office, in our house, 1442 01:23:25,050 --> 01:23:28,130 it must disappear and become invisible 1443 01:23:28,890 --> 01:23:31,890 Though electricity... 1444 01:23:32,410 --> 01:23:33,650 there is a socket on the wall, you plug it in, you get electricity. 1445 01:23:34,010 --> 01:23:37,210 1446 01:23:37,370 --> 01:23:40,690 You don't care how it's made. This is not a complicated interface. 1447 01:23:40,890 --> 01:23:41,970 This is invisible. 1448 01:23:42,370 --> 01:23:45,010 The internet hasn't developed towards that goal 1449 01:23:45,210 --> 01:23:47,090 I hope to be invisible. 1450 01:23:47,970 --> 01:23:49,050 What's interesting about the internet 1451 01:23:49,210 --> 01:23:51,810 is what you will wake up above for you and for me. 1452 01:23:51,930 --> 01:23:53,250 I call it my internet. 1453 01:23:53,370 --> 01:23:56,650 This is a world where when you enter a room dim lights to the level of your preference. 1454 01:23:57,050 --> 01:23:58,930 You may have music that starts. 1455 01:24:01,930 --> 01:24:03,610 with other people my internet. 1456 01:24:04,210 --> 01:24:05,250 That's interesting, 1457 01:24:05,370 --> 01:24:08,570 and the world that will appear as a result, finally you don't even need a telephone. 1458 01:24:08,730 --> 01:24:12,490 The environment will be the cable your experience will be brought to you. 1459 01:24:12,690 --> 01:24:14,010 Your call will be brought to you, 1460 01:24:14,170 --> 01:24:16,570 Your ad, your content, your work... 1461 01:24:16,730 --> 01:24:19,050 all that will come with you That's my internet. 1462 01:24:21,690 --> 01:24:23,490 This will take a leap of thinking, 1463 01:24:23,650 --> 01:24:27,650 leap of courage... socially for us to receive a generation 1464 01:24:27,850 --> 01:24:30,170 It always has a selfish world. 1465 01:24:30,450 --> 01:24:34,490 We often tell your children to play with other people, you have to share, 1466 01:24:34,650 --> 01:24:36,250 Your world view is not unique 1467 01:24:36,410 --> 01:24:39,410 But when the world, objects in it begin to tell them that they, 1468 01:24:39,570 --> 01:24:41,130 that they are different, it's selfish. 1469 01:24:41,330 --> 01:24:42,570 But that will also be a magical world, 1470 01:24:42,770 --> 01:24:45,050 one where wave a Hand creates a moving door 1471 01:24:45,210 --> 01:24:46,730 and the object changes position. 1472 01:24:48,050 --> 01:24:51,450 Imagine a generation that is never known other things besides that. 1473 01:24:51,930 --> 01:24:55,610 I deeply regret the fact critical thinking in 1474 01:24:56,050 --> 01:24:58,770 and imaginative thinking, creative thinking is lost. 1475 01:24:59,290 --> 01:25:02,970 In my opinion, computer and in some cases the internet 1476 01:25:03,290 --> 01:25:06,570 is the worst enemy deep critical thinking. 1477 01:25:07,890 --> 01:25:10,130 Youth currently use machines 1478 01:25:10,330 --> 01:25:12,330 to basically replace 1479 01:25:12,730 --> 01:25:15,730 their examination of the things they observe 1480 01:25:15,930 --> 01:25:17,570 They don't understand what they see 1481 01:25:17,730 --> 01:25:19,250 or what they hear or what they learn 1482 01:25:22,290 --> 01:25:24,570 They see numbers not ideas. 1483 01:25:24,730 --> 01:25:27,810 They fail to understand the concept, and this is a problem 1484 01:25:28,130 --> 01:25:32,010 My hope will still be there. 1485 01:25:32,570 --> 01:25:35,690 the attraction of immersion in something, 1486 01:25:35,890 --> 01:25:38,970 through the school system we are still subject to our children, 1487 01:25:39,170 --> 01:25:44,010 we can really turn it into its appeal 1488 01:25:44,210 --> 01:25:47,850 so they become intrinsic motivated to pursue it. 1489 01:25:48,090 --> 01:25:50,810 Either we use ancient Greek science 1490 01:25:50,970 --> 01:25:54,970 or philosophy, is an important tool 1491 01:25:55,130 --> 01:25:57,890 Those are things that people will be able to use in the future. 1492 01:25:58,050 --> 01:26:01,850 The actual information they learned at school will not be important because it will be dwarfed 1493 01:26:02,010 --> 01:26:05,370 with information coming out on the internet every day 1494 01:26:06,810 --> 01:26:09,770 Historians I think will also see interesting things 1495 01:26:09,970 --> 01:26:13,090 They might call around Digital Dark Age now. 1496 01:26:13,250 --> 01:26:17,410 This will be very mysterious because Many things happen quickly 1497 01:26:17,570 --> 01:26:19,650 But all records will disappear. 1498 01:26:19,770 --> 01:26:22,930 We don't have handwritten letters as we have from, you know, 1499 01:26:23,130 --> 01:26:24,970 founder of the Constitution, 1500 01:26:25,210 --> 01:26:28,250 Founding father 1501 01:26:28,410 --> 01:26:29,970 We have their letters to each other. 1502 01:26:30,170 --> 01:26:32,690 We can see the type background conversation 1503 01:26:32,890 --> 01:26:35,290 in creating the United States government. 1504 01:26:35,450 --> 01:26:37,530 We don't have the same 1505 01:26:37,690 --> 01:26:40,490 for background conversations in creating the internet 1506 01:26:40,690 --> 01:26:42,610 because everything is finished in the email. 1507 01:26:42,810 --> 01:26:47,490 There is a fun project called Wikipedia Emergency Project 1508 01:26:47,650 --> 01:26:49,370 that if there is ever a possibility 1509 01:26:49,530 --> 01:26:52,250 an event that changes the world, a large volcanic eruption, 1510 01:26:52,410 --> 01:26:56,970 Wikipedia volunteers should begin printing wild Wikipedia pages 1511 01:26:57,170 --> 01:27:01,090 and save paper in place that their heirs can find it later. 1512 01:27:24,250 --> 01:27:26,930 MWhat this scanner measures, it's a MRI scanner, 1513 01:27:27,090 --> 01:27:29,970 and measure magnetic resonance energy 1514 01:27:30,170 --> 01:27:31,770 It comes from the brain. 1515 01:27:31,930 --> 01:27:34,810 So it's extra sensory. 1516 01:27:35,290 --> 01:27:39,010 Quite right to tell us what activities are going on in every small volume element the size of pepper. 1517 01:27:39,170 --> 01:27:43,410 When you read a sentence that reads 1518 01:27:43,610 --> 01:27:45,770 "There are two elephants walking across the savanna" 1519 01:27:45,970 --> 01:27:48,850 a computer program can say it's the same thought 1520 01:27:49,050 --> 01:27:51,890 is happening in your brain 1521 01:27:52,090 --> 01:27:53,890 are you watching the video or reading the sentence 1522 01:27:54,050 --> 01:27:57,290 At the conceptual level it is the same. 1523 01:27:57,490 --> 01:27:59,330 This is also the same people in all languages 1524 01:27:59,450 --> 01:28:01,930 There is a universality of alphabet of human thought 1525 01:28:02,130 --> 01:28:05,850 1526 01:28:06,010 --> 01:28:10,450 and that applies to videos that Jack Gallant and his colleagues have found 1527 01:28:10,650 --> 01:28:14,010 but also applies to oral speech and writing 1528 01:28:14,930 --> 01:28:16,850 and it crosses language. 1529 01:28:17,050 --> 01:28:20,050 We have vocabulary, brain has vocabulary 1530 01:28:20,250 --> 01:28:21,810 and we started to find it. 1531 01:28:22,010 --> 01:28:24,250 Right now we need this two million dollar machine 1532 01:28:24,410 --> 01:28:26,210 Weighing 16,000 pounds 1533 01:28:26,370 --> 01:28:30,530 But you ask, in the future there will be some biophysics genius 1534 01:28:30,690 --> 01:28:33,810 Find a little hat or helmet that will do it? 1535 01:28:33,970 --> 01:28:36,330 I think it's possible. 1536 01:28:36,530 --> 01:28:38,730 Energy, electromagnetic energy, 1537 01:28:38,930 --> 01:28:41,370 just sitting there It sits there. 1538 01:28:41,530 --> 01:28:43,730 So when you talk about telepathy... 1539 01:28:43,930 --> 01:28:48,490 Telepathy is remote communication. 1540 01:28:48,690 --> 01:28:51,210 Well, we can already go a few millimeters 1541 01:28:51,410 --> 01:28:55,050 and it's only a matter of time before we can go thousands of miles. 1542 01:28:55,250 --> 01:28:56,370 You can basically, 1543 01:28:56,570 --> 01:29:00,410 in not too far future, tweet thoughts 1544 01:29:00,890 --> 01:29:04,330 So don't type your little tweet, but think, 1545 01:29:04,530 --> 01:29:05,730 press the 1546 01:29:05,890 --> 01:29:09,370 button and all your followers have the potential to read it. 1547 01:29:10,010 --> 01:29:13,170 Can you detect, this woman is passing 1548 01:29:13,370 --> 01:29:16,250 and your place, just around to fall in love with you 1549 01:29:16,410 --> 01:29:19,170 Well, that will be an innovation. That will be... 1550 01:29:19,770 --> 01:29:22,050 killer application I guess you will say. 1551 01:29:22,810 --> 01:29:24,250 Well, I'm trying not to make predictions 1552 01:29:24,450 --> 01:29:27,730 around less than two trillion years from now for good reasons. 1553 01:29:27,890 --> 01:29:30,050 One of them is nobody can to find out if I'm wrong 1554 01:29:30,810 --> 01:29:32,130 But it's one of the beautiful things 1555 01:29:32,290 --> 01:29:34,490 about the future is you don't know where it will go 1556 01:29:34,650 --> 01:29:39,010 And the internet is, like most results in science, out of control. 1557 01:29:42,330 --> 01:29:43,530 They always miss important things. 1558 01:29:43,730 --> 01:29:45,330 Actually, most science fiction 1559 01:29:45,530 --> 01:29:47,890 Miss the most important things about the world now, 1560 01:29:48,090 --> 01:29:49,450 which is the internet itself. 1561 01:29:49,850 --> 01:29:51,050 They have a flying car, 1562 01:29:51,250 --> 01:29:52,490 they have rocket ships. 1563 01:29:52,690 --> 01:29:55,730 Nothing is there, But the internet governs our lives today. 1564 01:29:56,250 --> 01:29:59,050 Once upon a time you communicated with someone 1565 01:29:59,250 --> 01:30:02,490 the person you are communicating with is as important as the information. 1566 01:30:02,690 --> 01:30:05,650 Now on the internet, That person is not important at all. 1567 01:30:05,810 --> 01:30:08,130 Actually it was developed so that scientists can communicate 1568 01:30:08,330 --> 01:30:10,450 scientists like me can communicate with each other 1569 01:30:10,650 --> 01:30:13,850 without knowing where others are or who the person is. 1570 01:30:14,010 --> 01:30:16,690 There are famous cartoons from the New Yorker who say 1571 01:30:16,890 --> 01:30:18,810 "On the internet there is no one who knows if you are a dog" or robot or person, and that doesn't matter. 1572 01:30:22,770 --> 01:30:25,530 But being your own filter will be a future challenge. 1573 01:30:25,730 --> 01:30:29,210 Because the filter is not included with you. 1574 01:30:29,370 --> 01:30:31,010 There is no control on the internet. 1575 01:30:31,170 --> 01:30:32,490 No matter what the government does or no matter what industry, 1576 01:30:32,690 --> 01:30:35,730 the internet will spread... out of control 1577 01:30:36,570 --> 01:30:40,410 and people have to do it be their own control. 1578 01:30:40,570 --> 01:30:43,210 I think in the future, one next step 1579 01:30:44,090 --> 01:30:46,330 from calculation to communication 1580 01:30:46,490 --> 01:30:48,130 will feel sensing and remote sensing. 1581 01:30:48,410 --> 01:30:51,250 1582 01:30:51,570 --> 01:30:53,730 And mind reading via the internet? 1583 01:30:53,890 --> 01:30:56,730 One of the sensors will be a brain imaging sensor 1584 01:30:56,890 --> 01:30:59,510 And you will send thoughts? 1585 01:31:00,370 --> 01:31:01,570 You two. 1586 01:31:05,810 --> 01:31:09,690 What are the children of our children? need human fellowship 1587 01:31:10,450 --> 01:31:13,210 or will they evolve in the world? where it's not important 1588 01:31:14,290 --> 01:31:18,290 Sounds terrible, right? But maybe it will be fine. 1589 01:31:18,490 --> 01:31:20,290 Maybe a robot companion, 1590 01:31:20,450 --> 01:31:24,010 maybe companionship smart internet is enough. 1591 01:31:24,210 --> 01:31:25,530 Who should I say? 1592 01:31:34,970 --> 01:31:38,770 # I stand on the corner of a spade in my hand I am looking for a woman or worker ' 1593 01:31:38,930 --> 01:31:43,250 # Honey, let me be your salty dog Oh, let me be your salty dog # 1594 01:31:43,410 --> 01:31:47,450 # I won't be your man at all Honey, let me be your salty dog # 1595 01:31:48,530 --> 01:31:51,730 # Let me be your salty dog I will not be your man at all # 1596 01:31:51,890 --> 01:31:54,090 # Honey, let me be your salty dog # 1597 01:31:54,490 --> 01:31:57,970 Well, let me be your salty dog I won't be your man at all # 1598 01:31:58,130 --> 01:32:00,450 # Honey, let me be your salty dog # 1599 01:32:02,810 --> 01:32:04,610 I want you to pickin ' Because I like that. Delivered by: www.subtitlecinema.com