Visit www.Fastbet99.club Trusted Secure Online Gambling Agents 1 00: 01: 14,157 -> 00: 01: 15,579 - It's more than just a symbol.
This is actually from our own creation.
It's true that you can only explore
the solar system for the first time once.
Voyager does that.
- How can it be so lucky?
This is a dream and it comes true.
- 50 years from now,
Voyager will be a science project
20th century.
Mission.
Great mission.
- We don't imagine big enough
and that opens our eyes to the world,
to the real world
- Is a worldly experience to fly past it
small small space and space.
It's amazing that we
is able to pull it.
- Oh come on now
- We create artificially intelligent outer space planes
that we are cast into space.
- This may be in the long run
the only proof that we ever existed.
If you know something
You are working on it,
You treat it with great respect.
- Take what you think you know
and have it just spin
and you are in one universe in one moment,
You are in the universe that is completely different next.
♫ I 'm wishing on a star ♫
♫ To follow where you are ♫
♫ I 'm wishing on a dream ♫
♫ To follow what it means ♫
♫ And I wish on all the rainbows ♫
♫ That I see ♫
- When just announced
Voyager One is an interstellar space
Like humans just
to be an interstellar species.
It feels like knocking on the door of eternity.
- Voyager is on the other side of the solar system
and billions and billions
miles of artificial objects other closest humans.
♫ But Darwin knew it would be ♫
- Think about the distance
that Voyager is gone
and the years taken to get there
and still running.
♫ So far away from me ♫
- Voyager works.
Achieving something that is not there that can be dreamed can be done.
- Every second he goes to another place
where we have never been before
- These are all escape routes.
That will not return.
That will only continue forever and forever,
goes to empty space
- Voyager takes the cake.
This is the most courageous mission.
Who would have thought we really could do it
to do that in 1977?
♫ I 'm wishing on a star ♫
- We know a little,
because you can't observe from the earth
with a telescope.
- that's great
No.
Let's see, what do we know?
We know they are all gas giants.
Most consist of hydrogen and helium
and some methane on the outer planet.
- We know that there are winds on Jupiter,
we know about the big red point on Jupiter,
we know that there is entangled radiation,
so we know there is a magnetic field.
- We know for example Jupiter
has four months.
Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto go around.
That is what convinced Galileo that Copernicus was right
and that the Sun is the center of the solar system.
- Satellites from outer planets,
We know they are there because
we can see them orbiting.
But I think everyone thinks they will just battered ice balls.
Like the highlands of the moon.
There is nothing but impact craters.
That view is very pervasive so they
not even thinking about adding geologists
to the Voyager
mission - For Saturn we know about the ring
and we know about the main satellite.
But almost nothing more than that.
And everything is very blurry.
No one has ever been to outer planets to talk about.
Pioneer has passed Jupiter and Saturn
But they have a basic camera.
It doesn't really show many images.
And instrumentation is not too advanced.
- Spaceship most pioneers "
" Let's see, can we send something
"An asteroid belt, can that last?"
There are so many things that we take for granted now We don't know anything.
And the same thing applies to Uranus and Neptune.
They are very far away.
- I have looked at these planets
through some of the best telescopes on earth.
However, all I can see are just blobs.
- Uranus green dot small bluish on the telescope
and Neptune are even smaller bluish points.
And that's all.
- Astronomers have worked hard enough to know
what physical makeup is
There are several basic characteristics.
But their true nature
in terms of weather, in terms of distribution
mass inside, what are they actually made of,
what is the month like?
We don't have it.
Just a glance.
- There are limits to what you can learn just look through telescopes from earth.
There is a theory but then there are unknown.
And we research the unknown.
- Humans are curious groups.
We want to know what's around.
We have to pass the next bend on the road.
So this is a kind of innate drive
I think we have as a species.
- I think this is a default wish to explore
provides evolutionary benefits for us.
We look to improve our situation.
And I think there's a feeling
Our survival as a species
will depend on our learning
how to live in another world
- A very humane thing to ask.
It's a very small thing
to submit a million questions.
And some of us don't grow up.
- One of the important things that makes this mission possible help gravity
That's when you fly on Jupiter, you turn a corner,
and you take a little Jupiter
orbital speed with you
Like a slingshot.
So you better make sure Saturn is in the right place.
- we are very lucky
We have harmony.
- Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
all will line up in parallel.
- This will be Jupiter's explosion, Saturn's explosion,
Uranus explosion, Neptune explosion.
- Planet must line up into
the right way to allow one spacecraft to do that.
- And those that align only are rare.
- It only happens once more than 100 years.
- 175 years, like that.
- Every 176 years.
- Last time it happened
Exploration of wooden sailing ships.
- It's called the Outer Planet Grand Tour,
and estimated mission costs
more than $ 1 billion dollars.
Administrators of NASA meet the President,
and he said "The last time the planets
" line up like that,
"President Jefferson is sitting at your desk,
" and he blew it. "
So, Mr. Nixon laughed and said, " Alright, just do two. "
So, only two planets. And of course prices consequently
are substantially less.
But we all know that launch in 1977
will become after Nixon's second term.
And of course it turns out
His term ends faster than he thought.
- Voyager starts a project
in July 1972
And we have 11 scientific instruments,
11 different teams.
The success of the mission was one of the planes space that passed through Saturn.
- But we know right from who can go
that we will try as hard as possible
to extend the mission to go to Uranus and Neptune.
- We choose the path to choose
A target on Saturn that gives us
a help for Uranus.
So, we designed it from the beginning.
We know that we got Voyager
with choices if there are opportunities to use them.
- We don't want to build any into the design
it will prevent us going further.
So it's a mission on a mission.
- The Golden Record is really the type
the heartbeat of the ship itself.
The reason why go to is there, definitely explore,
But it comes from the blood of life the tape.
- I remember all the Pioneer 10 and 11 publicity spacecraft
where they have several images of male and female shape lines.
And some people are really crazy.
I don't know what you've seen it
But the most innocent thing you can imagine.
That causes a lot of noise.
Well I think that's great.
- Do you expect someone find this recording out there?
Is there something out there?
- Well nobody knows
One of the big questions that is unsolved is
our own or us
- Carl Sagan has been the best
famous scientist in the late 20th century.
He is a working scientist.
He plays a key role in many ways
from NASA's mission to the planet.
Includes Voyager One.
He is one of the scientists on the Voyager imaging team.
But he is also an astronomer
as many as one person,
make a study of life credible extraterrestrial.
- Comment by Thomas Carlisle,
an old man who is rather crusty
Who thinks of stars, sad spectacle.
"If they are inhabited, what is the scope of misery and ignorance.
" If they are uninhabited, what is wasting space. "Hey, will you
"Willing to do, to come up with something
"for us to use the Voyager spacecraft?"
He said, "Yes, of course."
And he told me that he could make $ 25,000.
So I allow it to go ahead
and I was somewhat off my hands at that time.
All of his creations and this group
which he put together.
- They think don't let this opportunity pass.
You will throw an message into a bottle to the sea,
put a message in it
So they decided to enter the time capsule into the bottles.
- And at first Carl thought they did it simply
Do another plaque, maybe with some more information.
But Frank Drake, a brilliant man.
A kind of cross between Albert Einstein
and Thomas Edison.
theoretical physicist brilliant, but also very
hands on the types of men who can solve
Practical problems.
He came up with the idea
equal amount of weight and space,
You can send phonograph recordings.
- People who really do science
Parts of Voyager are always jealous and crazy
because the Golden Record gets more attention
than all the beautiful things they do
exploring planet outside the solar system.
Except for Pluto and all that.
But the main concern goes to the Golden Record.
Because the aura that surrounds whatever has to be done
with intelligent life on earth,
all types of businesses to contact
Life outside the earth is more dazzling
rather than knowing the chemical makeup
from minerals on Mars or the like.
- Old-style LP recordings.
The only difference in metal,
and that will last a long time.
- And that's half the speed
so that gives us two hours of total time.
One and a half hours is devoted to music
and the other half hour contains
all other data recorded,
the natural sound of the Earth, spoken words,
and photos encoded from Earth.
- One of the first questions many people ask
Well, they will never know how to play it.
And in fact, we include cartridge and stylus
in the package with a note,
and the image on the cover
from the record shows the
method where the stylus will be is placed on the note.
- Maybe what is written on it
will look like a graffiti kindergarten for them,
but they must be able to find out
if they have some smart thoughts
or whatever is on their heads,
if they even have a head
- Voyager was launched on the 100th anniversary
from the development of phonograph recordings by Edison.
So, that's the natural medium to use
information about
But what I find interesting
to protect it from dust and small particles
From the trip, they put cover on it.
And on the cover is engraved
location of the earth, our solar system
In that case the direction of from a different pulsar.
- Many people will say, "Well, why do you do that?"
I said, "What do you mean?"
They say, "Well, why would you announce where you are?"
Because there are aliens out there
may attack the planet and use it for food,
or eat people, or make them slaves.
If they find it, their technology might be
more advanced than us.
They come here and destroy it.
Why did you do it like that?
If someone finds it, they will think like that
and they say, "Why do these people expose themselves?
" for our taste or whatever.
"They must be very altruistic."
- Possibility of advanced intelligence
Outside we will detect "Oh hey,
" There is a body radiating into our area,
"Let's go out and find out what this bottle is in the sea,
" What message might exist. "
Now is that a big mystery?
Whoa!
- Now that brings the whole question,
Are there people there?
Listen,
Someone gives or receives
200 billion stars in the Milky Way Galaxy.
There are about 200 billion galaxies in the universe.
Or at least in the universe we know.
- This is a fairly small spaceship who are in the universe are quite large.
If you take a piece of sky
the size of straw soda up there
in Biduk,
In a small piece of what we think is an empty sky
are thousands of galaxies.
and each of these galaxies
full of billions of stars.
It's just a soda straw,
and now you imagine the whole sky
full of thousands
over thousands of galaxies.
Each of the billions billions of stars.
There are many possibilities out there.
- If you take a grain of sand and put it on the table,
and if it's the size of the Sun,
then the earth will be about one inch.
And that will be microscopic.
And the whole solar system will fit on the table
six feet across.
Think about the next star.
The next star other sand grains.
How far from the solar system
Do you have to put it down?
And it turns out to be around seven half a mile away.
It is amazing how much space
There are between stars and between planets.
- The distance is almost unexpected.
It's the fastest spaceship
ever built and launched and flown,
and they travel
at 10 miles per second
You don't even see it, do you?
However, even in them
Unexpected by Earth's standard speed,
it takes several decades,
decades to get out of there from the solar system.
- We have no problem
spacecraft through the Asteroid Belt
but at one time people think of god
You will fall to an asteroid.
There aren't many possibilities crash into an asteroid.
These are just a lot of rooms out there.
Many rooms.
- If you want to realize how empty our galaxy is,
Our closest galaxy itself Andromeda,
about two million light years away.
I am currently colliding with us now.
And in five billion years
galaxies will collide with our own.
And you might say, oh, no, oh, no,
But apparently,
Space, even in our galaxy, is just a vacuum.
When our two galaxies collide,
Almost no stars bump into other stars.
Only a vacuum.
So Voyager is likely will continue
our galaxy for millions of potential
or maybe even billions of years without collisions.
- I have a hard time with a very long geological time period.
You can't get around it
10s of millions of years, what does that really mean.
And distance, astronomical distance.
- Yes, so do you start entering on an astronomical scale,
our solar system is pretty small,
and become Voyager's adventure
that seems so far and far
for this little spaceship to get out
to a giant planet really only explores
the smallest nearest environment
When you start think of a cosmic scale.
- Spaceship built
in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
This is a federal research center
It's part of Cal-Tech and they build spaceships.
One of the things I admire most
about the engineers who built Voyager
They always think of
The most unlikely thing to happen, occurs.
You want to take those people
on a camping trip with you
because they think about it.
Well, you have to bring,
what if this insect comes out,
what if the tent becomes flooded,
What if you run out of gas,
What if you can't light a fire.
What if they are people.
And when you send into space
You can't go do service calls,
You can't bring it back,
so what if you register
It should be like that for a long time
or you can't survive.
- This project starts
with conceptualization period.
How worthy do we do it?
We don't know what is the spacecraft.
How do we regulate spacecraft?
How do we take the communication system,
this large fixed 12-diameter diameter antenna,
and set it relative to the propulsion system?
Spacecraft takes dimensions into small children,
and our design team, like parents.
This is actually a parenting process.
Bringing the child,
if you want to be true.
- All spacecraft are made basically from the same thing.
Silicon and aluminum, that's about it.
That's probably 95% of that.
Cheap silicon and aluminum
until you start making items out if that.
- Spacecraft is of course quite primitive
with modern standards.
We have three computers on board.
Their total memory is about,
240,000 times less than on your smartphone.
- 1972 when you experienced technology freezing.
Remember we launched at 77.
So you froze technology a few years before,
and at that time the biggest computer in the world is proportional to the type of item
we are in our pocket today
I'm not talking about cellphones.
I'm talking about key fob.
- What's wrong with 70s technology?
I mean, you see, there are technologies in the 30s, right?
I don't apologize for the limitations
Kiita works with at that time.
We redden the technology for what we can get from it.
- Voyager is around 800 kilograms.
The main antenna is 12 feet in diameter,
Is the biggest that we can launch.
- There is this body,
10 sides can be called bus,
and it gets all electronics and computers.
And that has this arm and
This complement stands out.
This leg has legs that connect it with rockets
and very long arms
with field sensors magnets above here
and other arms there with this plutonium power supply
to provide electricity.
You can't keep it too close to a spaceship
because it will transmit spacecraft.
and other arms with this device
who has a camera and other instruments on it
which can show around, like eyes,
And the big antenna is the ear.
When everything is finished
for the biggest dimension,
The size is comparable with a small school bus.
Really graceful,
although his appearance is fierce.
A strange creature for our planet,
but very happy in space.
- I became a producer only one record in my career,
and only two copies of it are made,
and they are both thrown out of the earth,
so I don't know it's mandate or not.
The launch window for Voyager is set.
It has something to do with the alignment of the outer planets.
You have to start in that window.
And they certainly won't be waiting for the recording.
- We have six weeks to do it.
And when I talk about notes
I think that's what always gasping for breath.
You have to find a way
to explain the world to aliens,
that way must be finished in six weeks.
- We have two goals in making Voyager notes,
in terms of music.
The first we want music to be represented
many different cultures around the world
and not just community culture
who have built and launched spacecraft.
Other criteria, our own
want to be a good note
- This is a very special message.
It seems like something is not made by the committee.
This is too strange.
- You are currently working a lot on the internet
than those days, that's more,
sitting in the dark listening to music,
make notes
It takes a long time to pass it
a stack of records as high as that.
If you listen to Voyager recordings,
it will be amazing, if you
don't hear a few pieces of music
That's nothing like
You have heard before
Japanese shakuhachi pieces or the 16-year-old dwarf girl is singing
what is called the initiation song,
sort of puberty song,
In the Ituri forest in Africa
just amazingly beautiful.
Javanese gamelan pieces are very beautiful.
Chinese ch'in pieces like that
it will never leave you
External thoughts usual to expand adventure.
There are a number of hunts A rare note here and there.
I remember the back of Indians
tool shop in New York
where they have some Indian records,
and there is one copy of the body
which we finally noted.
- Always our criteria
try to describe our culture.
So that includes music people, and primitive music
and Bach and Beethoven, and jazz, and all that.
And something we really want
is the Beatles music.
And they say "Impossible."
And we say "Now this is all going in space,
" will never be heard on earth.
"No, we don't do it."
They don't license outside space.
- I really want to have a piece of Bob Dylan
But actually there is only one room
at most one piece of contemporary rock .
But you oppose it
Chuck Berry Johnny B. Geode,
Bob Dylan himself did
Recognizing a very good single.
- Maybe only four simple words
But the first positive evidence
other intelligent creatures inhabit the universe.
- What are the four words Cocuwa?
- Send more Chuck Berry.
- The world is full of fantastic music,
and it goes without saying
There is more great music
That's not on Voyager
rather than being on it
Good thing too,
I mean, you imagine life on the planet
That's very sad so it's only 90 minutes
decent music
- Flight controls for enable launch.
- Roger.
- A countdown will start in 10 minutes
before midnight tonight
- A journey will begin
who will take earth technology
out of our solar system.
- When launched, of course all are folded,
it's like origami
- Here it is almost
Unexpected Encapsulation
I mean, we know it's us
will be encapsulated,
but the emotional effect
rather surprising
I noticed just looking around me.
I realize this is our last moment
will see space planes space with eyes.
That's a pretty touching experience.
- Environmental control, ready?
- Roger.
- We launched Voyager Two first.
And this gives the media,
makes them crazy
We launch Voyager One later,
but launched on faster path.
So it overtook Voyager Two in December 1977.
Since then, Voyager One
always get to the planet before Voyager Two,
and the press is happy, they understand it.
- Most press release images
shows the other side of the plane space
so you can't see Voyager notes.
But when reporters come to launch,
they all want to know more a lot about notes.
There is always a lot of ambiguity on NASA about this.
There is no question Voyager notes are useless
from a scientific standpoint,
and officials reluctantly arrange a press conference.
Press conference a joke.
It was held in a hotel room
separated by one of them
The accordion folding barrier that you pull
cross to make one room into two smaller rooms.
From what is literally, like memory serves me,
Polish wedding reception
We do all press conferences
with oompah sounds
wedding reception next door.
But I think the public got it.
- We just got a report
from John Casani, Voyager Project Manager
We will be able to retreat at 10:25.
- They were launched in a Titan launch vehicle.
Which is an intercontinental ballistic missile
for a long time.
And some of them when they are decommissioning
converted into rockets for launching spacecraft
out to the planet.
- Five, four,
three two one.
We have ignition, and we have lifts off.
- You see that solid is burning
and you're not ready
what will happen
Sound waves then follow
and then this
Strong shock, body really moved
in resonance with this energy.
Shake it, right.
- We jumped up and down
Big hug knows.
We are very happy to be able to just just escape.
And the rocket works.
You also never know about that.
- We sit on the bench
and they make you enough away from the launch vehicle
because they can explode, and
Basically, this is a big bomb.
- So there are a little holding your breath and
want to make sure you see it,
Get the first little movement
from the pad starting space.
- We see going into space,
We all think about this thought.
Here it is
and will be outside there to represent us
for the next five billion years.
- I'm a seven-year-old child who watches it go
and thinking like "Oh I have some little things
" to do that. "
Like there are some parts from me in that.
But there is no real significance.
But it feels like, okay okay, see you.
- There is an explosion of excitement.
We are on our way.
- And then we launch it
and other things go crazy.
Spaceship start do various things
We don't have hope it will happen.
- We are poor people on Earth,
we are like "What is he doing?"
- And when the launch vehicle leaves launchpad,
it must scroll through a certain angle
to get to the right direction for departure.
And the rate is rolled at a much higher level
rather than spacecraft which usually fly.
So, the gyro touches the stop.
This is saturated.
- Voyager does not control itself.
This only drives this big rocket,
and it shakes it in such a way
that thought failed,
and because it starts turn off various boxes,
Change to this back-up,
for that back-up.
Trying to find out why all this happened.
- For a few days was really a nail fight.
People ask us,
"Do you lose spacecraft"
and we will say "We don't know for sure,"
because we don't know for sure
- And the header reads "Mutiny in Space...
The Voyager spacecraft has decided
it just doesn't want to follow the instructions
that human controllers have given it
and that will do what I want to do.
- Fortunately, people who have written the code
Can say "It's okay.
" This does this, try it,
"This does this, try it,"
and calm others.
- All the time doing those crazy things
it does exactly what we have
designed to be done together.
- The limit is too tight.
It is necessary to be able to
to shake more and vibrate more.
And long telemetry will not exist
be solid as people expect.
So all that
That has caused problems with Voyager Two
then solved for Voyager One.
- Titan Centaur 6
has taken off at 8:56 from here
at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
- When Voyager One was appointed,
we think everything is fine
And then we begin to hear it,
We call it chat during clean vehicle launches
something that isn't right
- I look at him and he looks like that
he is a little worried
And I said, "What's wrong, Charley?"
And he said "I don't know,
"I don't think we will succeed, you know."
There is a leak in the propellant line,
and we lost propellant to the sea.
So when it's burning,
the propellant runs away from the launch vehicle.
And that is why the second stage never existed
to give a full boost
because it ran out of fuel.
- And the upper part which is Centaur,
liquid, hydrogen, and oxygen
must redeem it.
- And the Centaur stage
that is doing coaching.
So Centaur knows that is not up
speed needed
And when separating yourself from the second stage
it knows it must burn again
to increase speed.
- Centaur, to reach parking orbit,
must use 1,200 pounds of additional propellant.
Now we all think,
will it be enough left in the tank
make a normal injection?
Or will it run out of fuel?
Fortunately, it's already three and a half seconds
thrusting left before running into depletion fuel.
Three and a half seconds,
Being Voyager One is almost unsuccessful.
- Will not get enough speed
to get to Jupiter, you know
So instead of getting to to Jupiter, you know,
we have almost reached Jupiter
and then we go back to Matahari,
that won't be good.
♫ I watch the distant ♫ ♫ lights go down a long way ♫
♫ Disappeared into the evening sky ♫
♫ Oh you know I'm with you ♫
♫ On your journey ♫
♫ Never could say goodbye ♫
- And of course,
that thought is in our hands.
Now the main reason for this
the mission will soon be revealed,
that's science.
But our role
as a guard,
as ancestors,
our role has finished
♫ This is just the phase that you will face ♫
♫ No, I won't stop you ♫
That moves.
♫ Rest ♫
♫ Flying across your ocean ♫
♫ Rest ♫
♫ The time has come for you ♫
♫ Rest ♫
♫ Flying across your ocean ♫
♫ Rest ♫
♫ The time has come ♫
- That's what realizes that past human life,
less than 100 years ago, 87 years ago,
universe consists of one galaxy,
Our Milky Way Galaxy.
In an eternal universe that is static with eternal empty space.
We don't know about hundreds of billion other galaxies
one human being a lifetime ago.
And we don't know the universe is developing
and it was born in the big bang 13.7 billion years ago.
But even strange things
the things I do.
The fact that most of the mass our galaxy is invisible.
It is made of items other than you or me.
We think it's made of some new elementary particles
it really runs through you
and I now also penetrate the earth
Even without realizing it is there.
Even stranger than that is reality The empty space weighs something.
You get rid of all particles and radiation,
You don't have anything there and the weight of something.
And what's more, this is the dominant energy in the universe
and we don't at all know why it exists.
- You can never imagine it.
You can try, but you can't even really imagine it what is the nature of mother actually
already in store
when you get there
Looks like time is really flying.
- I don't think we really fully understand
before Jupiter's first meeting,
how strong it will become.
No, we don't.
We know.
- Is an interesting phenomenon that you
started working on a mission in 1972,
You started in 1977.
All of that, there is no science.
Everything is ready.
And then on March 79, floods.
- Meeting, they crawl on you.
We start what we call the observatory phase
with a long telephoto camera,
and that's when we started looking day after day
Jupiter is bigger and bigger.
- When we approach, every image
is the biggest image ever existed on Jupiter.
- At first, is only a few points
gets bigger on the screen every day.
And when we are getting closer,
the picture becomes more dramatic.
- Very strange, and beautiful,
and now by Voyager revealed in all that is grandeur.
- We try to get as many
as detailed as possible
Being a narrow angle camera is 1500 millimeters
and wide angle camera measuring 200 millimeters.
- Does someone care to speculate? what would you say to Galileo Galilei
if he goes into the room today?
- How can you live so long?
- I think Galileo.
- Jupiter is more than 10 times the diameter of the earth.
It's so big!
And especially hydrogen and helium.
There is no solid surface on this planet.
These planets are liquids gas and liquids deep inside.
- Gas compressed more far down you go
and it gets very hot indeed.
You will melt, actually yawn,
If you try to fly through Jupiter.
- Let me first change your statement.
Not that it's wrong.
- Atmospheric scientists
get remote views because we don't see
In the small months, we see the big planet,
and so we can see things happening
before other groups can see something.
And we always the first one starts shouting.
- Even today we don't fly color detectors.
You get a much higher resolution
black and white images
Then when we want to make color,
We take them through different filters
and then on the ground you put it together
and create colored images from it.
- Acceleration is when approaches meeting
Really something that becomes is very, very exciting.
We call it drinking from fire hoses, you know,
You try to sip a little,
and this data stream comes out.
- You go to Jupiter and You have a storm that has
around more than 300 years,
that is the Great Red Spot.
You can fit two or three three Earths in it.
So this is the Red Spot Big and this is the earth
and this is the earth.
That always happens.
And I assume that the current is around
These giant things will happen
smooth like honey
But, when Voyager starts getting close-up images,
we realize that it's very active
And that deepens the mystery
how can this great storm
with all this
turbulence occurs.
- It swallows clouds and spits other people.
We know that it is a vortex,
but to see it in action...
- Every day you wonder
"Do we build spacecraft well enough?
" Do we anticipate all possible things?
"Can it be wrong?"
- Pioneer 10 must measure radiation environment
which is far greater than us
Earth-based interpretations suggested
- You approach this monster basically.
This monster's magnetic field,
radiation environment these monsters are intentional,
because you have to get close
because you want to see all small months,
and clouds, and storms,
and you want to tap to Saturn.
But you don't know whether you will survive.
The problem is fried, you lose the mission.
Still out there physically _ might be intact,
but unable to communicate with it, the mission has ended.
- Two months before sending to Cape for launch,
scientists are predicting
that magnetic field around Jupiter
strong enough that they are
will accelerate particles.
Whoa, we heard initially 40,000 volts,
it will be the end of our spaceship.
This cable in the complement is a conductor
it will bring this pulverizing pulse
and just feed them directly to our system and kill us,
so we have to ground everything.
We don't have time
to go through a normal design review,
so to get this
protection is done fast enough,
an advertising hoe team is formed
and we do some unusual things,
very extraordinary.
I remember asking to one of the technicians
to get out and buy aluminum foil.
That is the only material available to us.
Usually the procurement of our spaceship
hardware inventory, material, much more
sophisticated process
We are all in real rabbit suits
cutting strip continuously
and then clean it with tissue and alcohol.
And then finally wrap all this
Our exterior cabling
But yes, the same material with your Christmas turkey.
I don't think we create any deficiencies.
This might be a local shortage
at a local grocery store for a few days
until they reset correctly.
Your turkey wrap protects Voyager,
and now fast forward, you know,
do we know if we have done enough?
- Amazingly we hear all kinds of sounds.
This is a very strange phenomenon.
You don't expect molecules in
corner of the room to suddenly gather
and start whistling at you.
But in plasma, in this radiation belt,
that can happen
- I will call they sound the radio because
we have to detect them with an antenna.
- If you have an antenna that is right in your ear
You can go out and hear what we record.
- Whistlers.
These things are gone, like that.
Yes, whistlers mean lightning.
That is the first lightning detection
on a planet other than the earth.
Much more intense.
There is lightning on Jupiter
who will go halfway from the east coast
from the United States to the west coast.
So it's very interesting what you hear in space.
- If you are on a flyby mission
there is no second chance.
- We get images,
they get better and better.
And you can start seeing the details
like these months it's getting bigger.
You know the fear you have
is that you don't want to see
many worlds are seen like earth's moon.
Let's face it, it's boring.
- Our mind's eye is oh yeah, we will see
battered ice balls and so on.
When we see Callisto, in essence it's really hammered right?
Saturated with the impact of the crater.
Ganymede shows a lot of interesting things
grooves and ridges.
But it's quite exploding with impact craters.
And when we enter into two parts.
- You can't see the crater in one of them.
Well this is encouraging,
Because now we think maybe this mission
will find a lot of diversity.
- Find this billiard ball , smooth, ice crust
from Europa with a gap in it
and what looks like an ice plate
which may move relative towards each other,
The best explanation for that
is there a thick ocean
liquid water, salt water
Under the ice crust.
More sea water than the whole Earth,
Maybe two or three times.
This is the largest ocean in the solar system
on the moon around Jupiter.
- And of course, you know, type of showstopper
for Voyager, we get to Io.
- Io, of course,
Io is the star of the show
and we don't study it
until after the meeting
- Everyone's gone home,
and Linda Morabito, an engineer whose job is
is to know the position
and orbit of a spaceship,
see some bumps on Io's picture.
- I'm on a mission
as a mission navigator,
and our work just looks back
above the shoulder of a spaceship
to say, "Alright, one again picture of Jupiter's nature."
So it's not a high priority job.
- That is an optical navigation image,
and Linda saw this strange thing in the branch.
- Large objects appear, very large.
And the first thing I said to myself, "What is that?!"
And it seems like is like other satellites
in the picture appears behind Io.
An object whose size is
At that distance, at that distance,
will be seen from Earth,
it's pretty big
I feel with certainty,
that is the only thing I know,
that I see something that has never been seen before.
This is an umbrella-shaped umbrella
up 250 kilometers
above the Io
surface with volcanic activity.
I found the first proof
active volcanism
in the outer world.
- It is very difficult for to believe that the moon is small
Can have 10 times volcanic activity of the Earth,
which is the only known active volcano
in the solar system there is on Earth.
And then there's Io.
Suddenly we have realized
This is a different trip from us.
- I want to say one more thing.
We have said that may have some
The funny way in which Jupiter devoured
all things that enter
and that doesn't let Io be hit by anyone.
Well, we direct the space plane space and go very close.
If we miss we will do it
First impact crater.
- Flyby is basically
infidelity for a week, 24 hours a day.
It's intense.
- There will be a Voyager
report in 30 seconds.
- Instant science because there will be
a press conference that night
This image goes down,
and you have three hours
to find out what's happening
and then tell the world about it.
Oh, there's no pressure there right?
- Limit to part of biology
get to that way
I mean, you're hungry,
You are tired, you know,
You have to go to the bathroom,
I mean, you will lose something!
You don't want to lose anything
Because every 48 seconds the new image will go down.
- No one sleeps
on one of these flybys
When the spaceship will slide past the past.
The photo lab works day and night,
and people are sleeping in their cars.
- Too exciting to sleep.
- This is the first image
every Jupiter ring.
- Jupiter really extraordinary.
It was only an invention after discovery.
- You don't get something for free
Energy and momentum must be conserved.
So when the Voyager takes 35,000 miles per hour of speed,
You are actually, as long as it's swingby,
slow down Jupiter in it is orbit
with one foot per trillion years.
- Jupiter is a game-changer.
Jupiter resets all registers.
Now we are really ready for something.
And to find out that this is only very,
very early on this trip.
If we are fascinated by Jupiter,
Just wait until we reach Saturn.
- Voyager for me is Homer.
It's been a few years
crossing the solar system from one planet to another planet
and then it's one or two weeks
frenzied activity, and discovery, and conquest,
and then, back to the ship,
paddle in water and then to the next conquest.
- My father is Carl Sagan,
and my mother is Linda Salzman Sagan,
and he is an writer and artist and he designed it
Pioneer icon plaque.
He is really interesting,
and it is he who gets all the greetings
for Voyager Golden Record.
I like to think about it,
that he is sort of put together
sort of chorus of sounds greetings to the stars.
My parents want a small child
to have a sound from one sound.
And they just met me someday
and say, "Nick, if you want to leave a message
" For strangers if that happens,
"What do you want to say to them?"
Hello from the children of planet earth.
"Oh, hello from children planet earth."
That's what I will say to strangers.
They like that and they say, "Good, let's record you."
It's a little fuzzy.
Like the only thing I know
that I remember from that moment on
is a small recording and level
who goes red if you talk too much.
This 70s, kind...
So I remember that, and I remember watching
Needles move when I speak and see where it can.
Oh, it's approaching red
but actually doesn't go red,
okay, that might be good
and handwriting that is not so great this is from the age of six.
Not that it's now much better.
It says "Hello from children Planet Plan-et."
I think I have a little hyphen because
I run out of space for the planet.
And I draw something
I think I think later is the tree
But other people say that it is a rocket ship.
And I think I'm more focused on my ugly image
than I am in any performance
from how I will say this line
And so it is.
And then I, you know,
drink my apple juice and return to my book.
It really wasn't until long ago
that kind of awesome
what it means to really hit me
- The reason I was chosen is because
I am something special
I happened to be there at the right time
in the right place
And people know that I speak Arabic.
So I'm lucky.
- I say "why me?"
They said "Because you fluent in Portuguese."
- I don't get any instructions
about what to say
Unless it needs to be short.
- Greetings for universe almost like
proto tweet, first tweet.
Keep it short, keep it simple.
And I have about 5 minutes warning
before I recorded
They say, "We make notes
" Up the spaceship. "
And it's very scary.
Unlike the rule book
for what you have to say
When you greet nature universe.
Which means peace and happiness for everyone.
It seems like a safe thing to say
If you meet some aliens.
Instead of saying bring me to your leader or whatever .
- Because the equipment is cold,
the spacecraft is lifeless
Even the note itself is metal.
I just want my voice to convey warmth
and to make contact.
And that means greetings to our friends in the sky.
We want to meet you someday.
- There are some parts of me
That is a traveler on the ship.
It just goes, it just goes.
Keep going, it will continue to run.
When I have been away for a long time, it will continue.
And it's like a little piece of magic.
Hello from the children of planet Earth
♫ in your mind ♫
♫ You have the capacity you know ♫
♫ For telepath messages ♫
♫ Through a wide unknown ♫
♫ Please close your eyes ♫
♫ And concentrate ♫
♫ With every thought you think ♫
♫ After reading ♫
♫ We will sing ♫
♫ Contacting residents ♫
♫ From interplanetary crafts ♫
- I want to know the answer
Are we alone?
I want to know the answer to that question.
- There must be another civilization.
Those numbers only force it.
But almost statistics are not possible
not from TripAdvisor other life forms and other life forms
which has evolved to state intelligence and so on.
- The bigger you think space is,
the bigger the probability is there.
The less likely you will find it
Because they are needles in unlimited straw stacks.
♫ And one night we will make ♫
♫ Contact with you ♫
- I say, I think that smart life,
if we can put ourselves in it.
In that categorization.
It's so common that I will do it
bet you right now
there are two people
Maybe one male and one female
have the exact same conversation
that you and I have right now.
I think that's how life is prevalent in the universe.
- They might try contacting our right now.
I predict passing through this room now radio messages that we can detect
with equipment that we can build
If we know where to direct the detector
and what frequency must be tuned.
And here is this room.
And that is mind boggling.
They are here, they are right in the room now.
- Large division with extraterrestrial life
not time space.
- Depends how long it will last
Our civilization survives.
And how long is the last civilization because
You have to make them overlap
for us to communicate.
- In our galaxy, our sun is relatively young.
Its age is around 12 million years,
Our sun is four and a half billion years old.
There are many stars that are much older.
Therefore you can imagine some
civilization around stars like that
have witnessed the shape of our Earth
for the past four and a half billion years.
Well, for the past four and a half billion years,
the only proof of intelligent life
will be in the last 50 or 60 years
by watching Star Trek or I Love Lucy
or whatever signal we send.
So even if you know,
Even if someone says to you seeing that star,
and then see the third stone of the star,
and that's where you will find life.
Even if they know which object to look for,
there is only a period of 50 years
more than five billion years almost
where you can find smart life.
- If we are alone then we are truly unique,
and how it happened and why we
and how are we so special?
but like that it's far away
A kind of humdrum part of the universe?
And if we are not alone, how can we all get here?
and can we learn about ourselves?
by this other group?
What they like and what they are
our dreams or our nightmares?
- I think what will save us is that
Distant star travel is harder than we thought.
And we are safe for a long time _ from aliens
Because they also don't know how travel very far.
We are all trapped in the planets we have.
- Things about the Voyager
mission from Jupiter to Saturn is the short one
space between them.
Jupiter to Saturn is the same as that.
That's very fast.
It's easy to think of Jupiter as a bully,
This is the alpha male of the solar system.
There are no questions.
I think Saturn is magnificent with rings
gives a sense of beauty and tranquility.
And the type of month that submits
and somewhat knocked out.
- We start with existing images
Maybe not better than what you can get from the ground.
And then continue to be more good, better and better
as you get closer.
What will we see when we are really close?
- After seeing Saturn in the telescope
with a visible ring like this tiny little ear
on both sides, until now see the details
and the beauty of Saturn's rings.
You know, it seems, is almost like the plot
on phonograph records
Ring of Saturn, what's wrong?
Billions of ice particles,
several house sizes.
They are very large, far wider
than many earths combined with
but less than a kilometer thick.
- We got there and we found that it was a blizzard
of features in the entire ring,
and it becomes very complex.
We become addicts.
Who, that's how it will be
a planet flying addict,
That's because you have passed
one of them and you just know that is the biggest feeling
and you want to continue do it again and again.
- In some cases,
Maybe about one year from now
it's possible to put all of this
into perspective
But right now,
I don't remember being in like that
euphoria of the country for previous planetary encounters.
Including our two extraordinary ones Voyager meets on Jupiter.
- Saturn's biggest moon,
Titan is the most extraordinary place.
There is a dense methane atmosphere
where organic chemistry complex has taken place
for maybe billions of years,
and we are at the moment extraordinary discovery.
- We have both spacecraft programmed
to do the same mission at Saturn,
and that is the main mission
and that involves Titan.
- There are a number of great scientific interests
on Titan because many people think
that at the beginning of our own history,
our own planet might be like that
with a little oxygen, lots of hydrocarbons,
The atmosphere is very thick, different, salty
That changes dramatically in our planet by life.
So if you want to understand the initial conditions,
go learn Titan
- If Voyager One succeeds on Titan,
Voyager Two, the nine months behind go to Saturn,
will be free to continue
Uranus and go to Neptune.
But that depends on Voyager One who made it on Titan.
- Because Voyager One must be in a certain place
to get past Titan,
it can't go to Uranus and Neptune.
There is no way to bend the trajectory
to go somewhere else
- Voyager Two will definitely do the same thing
if Voyager One fails
We will go like this , there are no more planets.
- That will be very difficult You will try Titan again
and give up two other worlds, Uranus and Neptune?
- So there is a lot of pressure on Voyager One.
- Most of what we see
is a giant ball of brown smoke
with a kind of mist electric blue on it.
- With the Voyager camera,
You can't see through clouds and smog.
Now radio signals from spacecraft
goes through the atmosphere of the planet,
and that gives them size
from the pressure on the surface
and also the temperature on the surface.
So we learned a lot
Titan from the radio signal.
- Titan does not reveal itself
to the Voyager camera.
But the spectrometer and radio science
make a big contribution to chemistry
and atmospheric physics and interior.
- We have collected what we can
with the Voyager spacecraft.
- Little to be gained
by doing flyby near another Titan.
- Shortly after,
NASA Headquarters agrees
that we must continue with Voyager Two
On it is the Uranus path.
So Voyager One has succeeded.
- People don't realize how we barely
Have that mission to Uranus and Neptune.
We have almost no Grand Tour
if not because of the success of Voyager One on Titan.
- Voyager One finished and began to recede
solar system with the angle above
plain from the planet.
- So the mission of the Voyager One planet is almost
ends there
Come back later.
We get images and other data
back from Voyager Two.
But at some point in time,
it must be behind this planet
and that prevents us from getting
radio signal to earth
And that happened at midnight.
It appears several times several hours
that everyone knows we will come out
contact with a spaceship
Everyone expects to pop champagne cork
and say "Hey we make and all data
" on a tape recorder. "
Cecause it can be transmitted to the earth.
and instead appear from the other side
and all these crazy error signals
comes from the spaceship
Something bad has happened.
- Something happened right in around ring-plane crossing,
and the image returned empty.
- People thought it might fall
into Saturn's ring.
Is this him, is it dead?
- Ladies and Gentlemen, we can start debriefing.
I want to make a very short statement.
We have problems inside the Voyager Two spacecraft.
- Spacecraft has a problem.
Scanning platform operating mechanism
does not operate correctly
- And make sure we understand where
we are headed for the following instruments
installed on the
platform Wide-angle cameras, narrow-angle cameras,
infrared instruments, ultraviolet instruments,
and photopolarimeter.
- Yes, it's the darkest,
the darkest day of the entire mission.
- There is indirect evidence.
- I came to the auditorium,
and there is only gloom on everyone's face.
- You start speculating.
- I immediately knew what had happened.
The scanning platform has frozen.
- We move our scanning platform
whole sky
And we really go as fast as possible
because it might be able to leave.
- Frozen scanning platform
It can be a fatal and disabling event.
- Remaining mission of Saturn,
and Uranus and Neptune are dead.
And seeing everything that we planned just passed,
Suddenly leave.
- The problem is not with the camera,
with the articulated platform
which moves all instruments.
Our camera, as far as we know,
works well.
It's just that we take lots of images
of black space
- All the knowledge we expected,
and Uranus and Neptune, no there are other spacecraft
it will go there
It's up to Voyager to do it,
and suddenly it looks like Voyager
will not do it
That is very devastating, rightly so.
- It takes a few days while
The engineering team goes to diagnose this problem.
- We will command azimuth to kill
and an elevation kills
to the position of Saturn.
- It turns out that it scans the
platform has a small motor to rotate it,
and we can run it at low speed.
Check, check, check, check.
Fast medium or very fast speed.
We certainly want to see a lot of places,
so we have something that looks a lot of places,
and the lubrication is not adequate and only jams.
- It's frozen like a car
stuck in snow
You try to move a little backwards
and keep working on it and try to get it,
and that's what we do with a scanning platform.
We will try to push it a little in one direction
and that will produce a little,
and then we push it the other way,
and that will produce a little more,
and then we continue to do that
back and forth, back and forth.
And finally it's enough
to get lubrication to the gear.
- It's released
and come back spacecraft,
and again comes the imaging system,
and there is Saturn when it comes out.
- Yeah.
- We see the shadow of Saturn
in the ring.
And it's clear from this wild and crazy angle.
Wow.
Holy cow, we are on the other side of Saturn.
♫ Us ♫
♫ And they ♫
♫ And after all we are just ♫
♫ Regular men ♫
- We feel like being there.
No one thinks about it.
Voyager is a part of us.
us.
♫ Me ♫
♫ And you ♫
- All planet exploration to me
is a story about longing.
This is a longing to know ourselves.
This is a longing to understand
the importance of our own existence.
This is a longing to communicate,
to say to the universe
we are here, you know, know us
You know, where are you
♫ Continue crying ♫
♫ From behind and ♫
♫ Front rank dies ♫
- How will you try
to communicate with truly foreign civilizations?
- The assumption is we
share the same physical nature.
That the laws of physics here are on earth
seems to be applicable everywhere.
Science and mathematics will be something
that we can communicate with them quite easily.
- Humans universally like music.
So the note says that we like this.
And we send it as a kind of gift to you.
Below there are mathematical structures.
Mathematical structure of a straight pop song
is quite simple, it's like arithmetic.
Mathematical structure of Bach Fugue
is much more complicated and is beneficial for attention.
Mathematics really universal language.
So we made sure that note
including music that will give awards in mathematics studies.
- I have a concern
I mean we have a smart life on our own planet.
Dolphins and whales that we don't
communicate with, we can't communicate with.
Besides tricks for fish.
It's a little arrogant to think so
it will be like Star Trek
and if we find some life in advance
that we will soon
Sit together with tea or the like.
Not that easy.
- So the Voyager record has a set of images on it
which describes our civilization.
But we can only do about 100 images,
that is as much data as we can send.
So it's a bit difficult.
- That is the distillation process.
You cannot describe Earth in 100 images.
You cannot describe Earth in a thousand images.
But what art about
take something small
but can represent the whole.
- We think it's very important
to put some pictures naked humans recorded
to show what our anatomy is like
NASA has received serious criticism about Pioneer plaques.
Actually there is a letter to the newspaper editor
says that NASA sent smut into space.
How we will show images
Naked humans without it look obscene?
And the answer is why not
You put a pregnant woman into the picture.
Because pregnant women are not considered immoral.
Not sexually attractive.
So that's what we do.
- And I think if this can't pass NASA
Nothing passes NASA.
And I guess the answer is nothing passing NASA because of that the only picture
that they make us take.
- Now five years sail to Uranus.
- Uranus will be the most distant object
not yet visited by a spaceship.
And so far even unknown
to 200 years ago.
and the distance is very far
and if we launch directly from the earth
it will take 30 years to get there.
So we are very lucky we can swing
by Jupiter and Saturn on our journey.
- I can always say as an observational astronomer
I have tried to think about this
for 25 years ago
and very annoying on the telescope
to see the small disk
and try to determine anything about that.
For me the next few days will happen
be very exciting
- Once we get outside Saturn,
Basically the engineers throw the rule book
and said, "How can we do this work?
"How are we going to take pictures of planets
" this is far from the sun? "
- Voyager is the first of the class NASA
spacecraft that can be reprogrammed.
They can take what on the computer
and just clean
and give one new software.
They train the spaceship
pirouette like ballet dancers.
Basically you want to photograph it
and it will pass you really fast,
so you rotate the entire spaceship
and follow like this.
And even though it's darker on Uranus
and really dark on Neptune,
You can let the shutter open without smearing,
and it's just beautiful.
- We have all the rich stuff
from Jupiter and from Saturn,
But Uranus is unknown.
- We go to Uranus and Neptune
it's the first time
We only have one spaceship so we
more or less just blind flying
and we didn't get a second chance.
There will also be no second chance.
And I think for a while
very unlikely that
we will all die and go before
anyone back there
to Uranus and Neptune again.
- It feels like taking something
It's almost fictitious, almost mythological,
and then see it as a real object.
- Spaceship flies through a system like bull's eye
because Uranus is tilted by its side,
With this beautiful methane blue atmosphere aquamarine,
and all of these images,
every one of them is like whoa!
And you can hear people just "Whoa!"
And everyone will do something
and someone will go "Whoa!"
And everyone will turn around and look up.
"Oh dear, look at that!"
There is no internet,
There is no news flow that comes out to stay on CNN.
The only way to feel that sensation
be one of only a small group of people
who sees the bright spot into the world,
the only way to experience it is to be in that room.
- Well about two minutes ago,
Voyager Two passes through it
This is the closest approximation to Uranus.
- This new ring
here.
Now, I'm not...
You say that you can't see it.
I can.
- Dr. Soderblom,
When you hiss through your explanation,
I can't collect everything,
Can you try again?
- Slower?
- Slower and some further details.
- I think it's very slow.
- Every time we get to the new planet
there are always surprises
Even though we are much smarter.
For example, before Voyager,
all magnetic fields
has a magnetic pole near
axis of rotation of the planet,
and that's true for Jupiter,
that's true for Saturn.
And then we fly by Uranus and
The pole is near the equator.
- There is a lot of speculation
about Uranus's magnetosphere.
Will there be one,
what is it like?
And Uranus
magnetosphere is much more strange and beautiful.
We find planet tip that side,
But the magnetic field then ends
relative to the axis of spin.
So you experience this big dispute
in the magnetic field
when the planet rotates.
It's weird
Why is the magnetic field so chaotic,
we don't know
- At the time the Voyager Two spacecraft flies by Uranus
one pole of the planet points to the Sun.
At the point where it is an orbit,
that is the atmosphere is turned off.
So the planet itself doesn't look attractive.
And part of that is Uranus itself holding it is a secret again.
- That's definitely, I guess, one of,
Well, the disappointment at Uranus
no more photogenic than that.
That's actually quite blah.
- Poor Uranus
Poor Uranus
- Uranus is not his own character
that Saturn and Jupiter are.
The features are very very weak.
Big stars meeting Uranus
Actually that month.
- If you will go to Neptune,
You still have to deal with Uranus for help with gravity.
Gravity helps direct the point on Uranus
happens to be pretty close
to Miranda's orbit.
Now some science, Miranda isn't
biggest moon of Uranus.
If Uranus has stopped last,
scientists might want it
to go to a bigger month,
which is ironic,
I don't see how something can happen
Which is more interesting than Miranda.
It looks messy.
- This month looks like torn
and then just sort of pushing back together again.
- Whoa!
Come see this
- Go to the screen and point and say,
"Look at that, look at that."
- Nothing is ready for Miranda.
- In the section there are cliffs and very large cutouts
where the error block has fallen.
And one of them, you can see the edge of the cliff
it's very,
it must be 10 kilometers high.
Now gravity on Miranda is very weak
that if you jump from the edge of the cliff,
You can read newspapers
on the way down
You might fall for 20 minutes.
But when you reach the bottom you want
will still cover 100 miles per hour.
And maybe not,
will be the last newspaper you read.
- One of the things that we have to remember
about Uranus when it's very sad for everyone.
Because we just want
show all our results
We all have to have it
final final press conference.
Back from breakfast
and I go to go watch
Space Shuttle launched.
- We have the main engine start.
Four, three,
two, one
and take off.
Lift the 25th shuttle mission mission
and have cleaned the tower.
- And we thought, "Okay, we will watch the shuttle
" Launch and then we will go to the press conference. "
But of course that's Challenger.
Three machines now at 104%.
- Challenger, go with throttle up.
- Roger, go with throttle up.
- People are astonished, gasp like this,
"Gosh.
" Do you see that?
"Does it really explode?"
Because we have stopped in our meeting
so everyone can watch it,
and then just keep quiet , people cry.
- What can you say?
You immediately know that
a group of people killed.
- Throttle Flight, please.
- RSO reports the vehicle exploded.
- COPY-
- And of course they show replays and replays
and replays repeatedly.
- We don't have a downlink.
- Alright, everyone, just leave the phone.
Make sure you save all your data,
start pulling it together.
- Challenger accidents happen
When we resign from Uranus.
I have a clear picture about this picture after picture
from sickle Uranus back
and replays from Challenger explosion,
and completely destroy.
- Today is day mourning and remembering.
Nancy and I are very moved
for the plane tragedy Challenger shuttle.
We know we share this pain
with everyone in our country.
national losses.
I know it's hard to understand,
But sometimes painful things like this happen.
This is all part of the process
exploration and discovery.
This is part of taking a chance
and expand human horizons.
The future does not belong to a weak person,
that belongs to the brave.
- Report from flight officer
shows the impact in water.
Approximately 28.64 degrees to the north.
80.28 degrees to the west
- During this time period the closest approach,
we will have hundreds of reporters coming to JPL,
and great news atmosphere.
And when Challenger exploded,
everyone just left
- That's a very sad time.
Sad to end another big mission.
- Cosmic questions that we hope we can learn
by sending our machine out,
the same question
You and I and every child have asked themselves.
"Where do we come from, whether we are alone,
" What is made of the universe, how will it end? "
All these fundamental questions
questions that encourage science.
I do cosmology, I learned earlier
and the end of the universe sometimes people say,
"What's the use of that?"
And I always say to them, "You didn't ask what it was
" Mozart symphony is good?
"Or Picasso's painting."
But science somehow looks like it should be
Useful for people who want to produce technology.
But it's a wonderful thing about science ideas.
From a child asking your parents why.
But when you grow up you finally realize
what do you really mean how.
Einstein has told us that we are space and time
tied together.
In an integrated way, we live in time and space.
If we enter into the universe creature
and space appears to be exists, so does time.
And the time itself may not exist
literally before the big bang So it's not there before.
And that seems crazy, because if it doesn't exist before,
all these cause and effect ideas
and so on goes out the window.
But all that means we have to change
the way we understand something.
Another possibility of our Big Bang
is only one of unlimited number of Big Bang's
that happens to what we now call multiverse.
This amazing change of view
which makes us even more insignificant.
We don't travel significantly enough
around the Sun in the middle of nowhere
around random galaxies in between 100 billion galaxies,
But now we know even the entire universe
what we call home might not be important
something in the middle of something that is much bigger.
History of science will delete us
farther from the center of the universe universe if you want.
or center of action.
- Finally on Neptune, Voyager starts
the last is worth decades
meeting with the outer planet.
- That's another three and a half years
to exit Neptune
They must reprogram again,
Give, teach some new tricks,
works in this darker environment,
even cooler environments.
- If we take the earth
to be an astronomical unit
from the Sun, or AU for the short term.
Neptune 30 times that distance.
- When launching Voyager,
there is no ability to get it
any image of 30 AU
That ability occurs after launch.
This involves reprogramming the spaceship,
take two 34 meter antennas
and add it to the 70 meter antenna.
- Copy, we are ready run that observation.
- This means using the whole
very large array in New Mexico,
27 antennas collect very weak signals
we can go back from 30 AU.
- Flybys passes Jupiter,
Saturn, and Uranus, have accelerated the spacecraft too,
gets faster.
So much pressure, and one shot.
- It just sits
comes out on the edge of our solar system
waiting for someone to get out
and appreciate its beauty.
Just wait for the day
humans will come out from there, and go "Wow!"
- Neptune is photogenic
from the start
- I have photographed Neptune
from the ground where we cannot see a lot.
in my head imagine what kind of
and seeing that change to reality, this is a busy life.
- See this blue,
In some cases, the inspires the Earth,
which feels very strange for the last
the planet we are headed for.
- I'm a researcher note taker
and I make a little notation in this log
and I draw a little,
and you can see what are these dark spots,
bright clouds, I'm like wow!
WOW!
Exclamation mark!
And I will also draw arrows.
The most surprising thing
giant dark place.
No one has an idea that will be there.
It's so big!
It's like a hole on the planet.
So we call it the Great Dark Spot
because we are not very original when it comes to names.
- We basically make predictions
from a storm on Neptune to direct the camera
on the last day
And at the same time
there is a hurricane
off the east coast of the United States,
and weather forecasters
try to predict the storm.
But they are trying to predict
it was 12 hours before
and they experience a lot of problems
Because the storm keeps changing positions.
And we only plan calmly
points on graph paper
then say, "Okay, two weeks from now,
" This storm will happen in here "and usually so.
- On Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus,
The goal is to do flyby
= = take the spacecraft
to the next planet
When we reach Neptune
We know that the last planet
we will fly,
and so we can take
a different path.
This allows us to get
a spectacular view of the
ring and look back at the
system in a pretty beautiful way.
- Think about imaging a Neptune ring.
They have
reflectivity twice as dark as soot,
and the light that falls on them
1,000 times dimmer than on Earth.
So you have one thousandth of light
You try to picture something
which is twice as dark as soot
against a solid black background.
- More than one ring can be
seen even in raw images.
Arc ring called.
And it seems reasonable that this is indeed the missing arc
that searchers search our imaging team.
Now you will turn on, right?
- We know on Neptune
we want to fly near Triton,
is a big world feels like moving backwards
circling around Neptune.
- If you see them on the way,
they don't line up.
Someone is here and is here.
So what will you do?
Well, there is a way.
And the way is to fly above the north pole,
very close to Neptune
to bend the space plane space so that it will go down.
And then intersect Triton.
- But that means going to
in just a few thousand miles
from the top of the cloud
That darkens the surface.
And they have to hit it,
You know, right.
- There are many concerns
that we don't know enough about Neptune's atmosphere
to really make sure that the spacecraft will not fall.
There is a possibility also have particles
in this ring arc we can
go through a cloud of shrapnel.
And that will be the end of the spaceship
if we do that
- A little error in the calculation
and instead of sliding on the top of the cloud,
You darken to the cloud
and the spacecraft burns out.
A little mistake in another way,
You go too far, don't bend enough,
Maybe you go straight to Triton and get stuck,
and that's the end of the mission.
You don't have enough time,
You have to make the last best estimate,
press the send button
That's very interesting
to depend on the plane that space right?
Slide over this beautiful
peak of Neptune's blue clouds.
And when you pass the Neptune pole
see that the big moon Triton rises...
VOYAGER PASSES ONE STILL 3,000 MILES ABOVE NORTH NEPTUNUS KUBUB, STOPS SECOND SPLIT ACCURACY.
- After a few miles miles
takes us into a few kilometers
where do we need to be,
it's just really extraordinary
installing an extraordinary needle.
- Southern hemisphere Triton
all covered by ice nitrogen.
And when we fly past it,
Okay, we continue again.
As we fly past it,
we can look down
on the mark on the surface of the polar cap.
We are compiling
a mosaic of the world of Triton,
but we can't set everything right.
Some dark lines,
Two specifically won't line up.
- He is like just scratching his head,
like I don't know what happened here.
This person is one of the world's experts on something related with planets and moons,
and he can't think of this?
- The only crazy idea that appears
there is an eruption.
- I said "Okay, put it in stereo speakers."
Red and blue glasses.
And the images blend into a three-dimensional model
and until this geyser appears.
And I say "what is that!"
So we know what we have.
- it's like bird feathers
The black geyser spits this item.
- feathers
coming out of the surface
for like kilometers.
- We see an eruption
in the world that should be
just a frozen cinder.
The last place we expected
to see further dynamics, further eruptions
This month it is remote in the solar system.
- This is 37 degrees
above absolute zero
So there is a solarized geyser
on a satellite that is 30 units astronomy from the Sun.
Who would have thought?
- Just because the idea is crazy
it's not always wrong
- We know this is the last planet,
Voyager will explore before heading
for the rest of the trip.
And so I thought together as a team,
time to see pictures, talk,
meeting together, becoming more valuable.
- through the secretary's desk
and he said, "Oh, Candy, there's a reporter
" It wants to talk to you. "
And he said," Countdown clock
"only goes from minus,
"count down, to count.
" Voyager now leaves Neptune. "
And he says" How do you feel? "
And at that moment, I am dissolved in tears.
- After the spacecraft passes,
it turns and looks back,
and there are Neptune and Triton these beautiful sickles,
and people realize that is the end
of the planet Voyager.
= = That's the last call,
The last thing we will see in
The solar system is now behind us.
And that comes from planet Voyager
mission to the Voyager interstellar mission.
- Of all the images are one of the most poignant
because it's been a long time farewell or farewell.
- Can
a little bit of color
makes the image somewhat more beautiful but,
with respect to the Voyager
spacecraft we decided to show it to you as it is.
So this is Voyager's farewell to us
and this is our separation with you
- The way I see it,
we do something really great
Very, very successful mission.
- A little cry.
I mean there are lots
energy is included in this mission.
- We have ignition and we lift it!
- Years of trying hard.
the end of a sentimental journey.
- We succeed.
We release it.
And that's important.
This.
- We have a big party at JPL,
so that's good send off for Voyager.
- With a little sarcasm I will say
At that time JPL was the biggest moment
Chuck Berry is on our stairs
administration building travel duck
for Johnny B. Geode.
- Chuck Berry, he is present at
Celebration of Neptune encounters
singing Johnny B. Goode.
- Party star, Chuck Berry
coming out from behind the wall
from building 180 and played
Johnny B. Goode lives.
Everyone starts dancing and it's amazing.
- Ed Stone dances with Johnny B. Goode.
That's something to see.
Everyone is dancing.
- Rockstar moment
and sail on Voyager.
♫ Go ♫
♫ Johnny B. Goode ♫
- And I will go to sleep
or maybe I'll dance a little more.
Thank you very much, Lou?
- Meanwhile Voyager One is still rather roaming out there,
farther and farther away,
and a number of people on the team,
including Carl Sagan,
Have this idea before us
must turn off the camera,
let's turn around,
Look back towards the Sun
and let's take a photo
our solar system is not like that ever
has been taken before
there is actually opposition to it.
They just don't want to do it!
They can't lift their heads
what's the point of taking photos
from Earth and Jupiter and so on
because they will only be
a little light.
So Carl becomes Carl
really go far
to NASA
and ask NASA to direct it
Jet
Propulsion Laboratory to take this series of images
- There is no science at all.
Not at all
- People have taken selfies
from our planet so far
the space program has taken place.
No one has ever taken it like this.
And they end in Valentine's Day 1990,
Take this beautiful family portrait.
- When we do portraits we are each planet,
I'm the first person who looks at the picture
and I know every blemish,
and so I can quickly go
blemish, blemish, blemish.
And I thought, "Now, where is the earth?"
How can we know?
And then I realize there are many,
There are many streaks of light on the image,
and finally I realize
the earth is sitting
in one of the rays of light.
I just sat there for a while
Just be aware
"Wow, it's the Earth, you know,
" That Voyager looks back to Earth. "
And then once I recover,
I start calling people.
I called Brad.
Brad, "We understand."
Called Carl, "Carl, we understand."
Called my father
- And this type different milestones
rather than the scientific milestones we have.
Which is truly symbolic.
- I'm an imaging scientist,
so I first realized , oh, this doesn't change
the way we think will change,
and my first push took my hand
and remove dust,
because there is dust on it.
Well, one piece of dust
that I want to remove from Earth.
But that doesn't matter because in Carl's hands,
he turns it into an allegory
in human condition.
- And the next slide.
Earth in the sun.
And in this color image
You can see that is actually less than one pixel,
and here we live,
on the blue dot
In that blue dot.
That's where everyone you know
and everyone you've heard of
and every human who has lived,
live their lives
I think this perspective
underlining our responsibilities
to preserve and appreciate the blue dot,
the only house we have
- My father talked about this a little
A small spot on this vast cosmic night.
And we are part of something bigger.
And we are also alone.
There are good things that he thinks are like
"There are no signs of help going on
" Come here save our from ourselves.
"It's up to us."
- After Neptune, the project continues
but keep going in a different way.
Voyager no longer meets.
They only sail out towards interstellar space
that people don't really understand
how far will happen
- When we designed Voyager,
interstellar space, where the limit is,
completely unknown
We have our eyes
on interstellar missions
Will we push spacecraft
to get out of our solar system
and enter the galaxy?
That shot in the dark
because no one knows how far.
Uncharted waters
- Goldstone, Voyager race.
- Voyager Racing, Goldstone.
- Please activate the modulation command
at 1800.
- Goldstone prints 1800 for orders.
- That's confirmed
- We know the Sun has this influence of gravity
It runs out, almost halfway
to the nearest star
So in terms of gravity, edge of the solar system
will bring Voyager 10-thousand
years to get there
But, the Sun's magnetic field
can only extend so far.
These are bubbles around our star.
All stars have bubbles.
We can see the bubbles contained in other stars out there.
So we know they have bubbles.
Where is our bubble end?
Where is the influence of the Sun
and that magnetic field gives way to the galaxy?
- We keep going and years have passed
and years go by and we don't
detect interstellar media
- Throughout the 1990s,
Still not finding the bubble tip.
Throughout the 2000s, was still not found
bubble edges,
and finally in 2012 Voyager One,
which will be the fastest,
the farthest,
start to see these funny things happen
to a winding line.
What is a magnetic field The sun changes direction?
Changing the type of particles that are trapped dramatically?
And see this crazy surge.
Everyone says, "Oh, what is that?"
And then return to normal.
And that's only literally
one magical day,
At that time in August 2012
everything changes
And that's like pffft,
just got out of the bubble.
Voyager One has left our solar system.
the first thing built by humans
that has left our solar system
and now in interstellar space.
- Important historic announcement
by NASA just a while ago
confirms the Voyager spacecraft,
Voyager, as in the case launched
way back in 1977 explore the moon,
exploring the planet.
Well, it has entered interstellar space.
- NASA says that Voyager One
has become the first man-made object
to reach interstellar space
Dark dark areas among the stars.
- And we have slipped the outer grip
our solar system with Voyager One.
The first man-made object
to explore interstellar space.
- This is a good achievement, actually.
When you think about it, it's historic,
our first step out from our bubbles
that has been around all the planets
and around the earth basically forever.
And now it's finally a little
The thing we have built has left the bubble
and are in the space between stars.
- I like that when it happens.
It feels like humans have arrived at interstellar space
and we all feel done by Voyager
we enter the galaxy a little.
- This is a small machine that can.
This is a small spaceship which continues
go and go and go and nothing
really know how to do it
But everyone burns it.
- There will never be other missions like that.
That is the first and the last of its kind.
- Voyager rarely comes out of my mind.
Always a small part of me
wonder where is Voyager tonight?
Whenever I see a night star,
I look in the direction that each goes.
- We are a generation that sends something into space
not only will life be longer than us,
live longer than our star.
Four billion years from now
Our sun changes into a red giant,
Voyager will still transport trucks
Out there through the stars,
and singing of our times
will be out there
Chuck Berry is still out there.
We will stay out there.
- When Voyager resources die
and when the spacecraft can't can send it again
useful information,
that's really the point where Golden Record
becomes the main function
of the mission
That everything is turned off,
the note is still floating
Somewhere in interstellar space,
complete the last part of the mission.
♫ Go daddy go go ♫
- I think the space itself is the message.
Space technology,
radio isotope power system,
communication system, instrument,
all of those things carry messages
who says these people are building this know what they are doing
- Are there differences in or our solar system?
today than at that time?
No.
Where are we different?
Right!
Sensation of discovery,
reaches heliopause,
completing the Grand Tour,
I mean humans, our children have just succeeded.
- Voyager One and Voyager Two
will orbit the center Milky Way Galaxy
with all stars
and every 200 and around 50 million years
will complete orbit around
the center of the Milky Way Galaxy.
- No wind, water, rain, weathering.
There are no planets they will meet,
there is no asteroid or comet belt
that they will run to.
and more than thousands, millions,
billions of years
they are predicted to remain intact.
- From Voyager's point of view,
The sun is only the brightest star in the sky.
Not too much
The coming year will fade
to be one of all other stars in the galaxy.
And from time to time above aeon
Bintang will be a kind of approach and become brighter
and then it will dim again.
like being in a lifeboat in the Atlantic at night.
Maybe you see a ship that is far past,
maybe not
That's the future of Voyager for
billions of years to come
- All human tragedies
and worries and concerns that drive
You and me too all people will long be forgotten.
and our existence as species
and biggest win,
things people think
the most important things in their lives,
all that will be forgotten
And the universe doesn't care about it.
But there is a possibility at least
one thing we have created will be out there.
And who knows, maybe someday
with unlimited small opportunities
Other creatures might find it
and at least know our existence.
This is very unlikely, but not impossible.
And the small possibility is definitely
gives us hope
- We will continue
to get back signals from Voyager
and we will continue to try and get
The signal back from Voyager as long as we can.
There will be one day
When the antenna is listening to Voyager
and we don't hear anything
And that will be the day
we stop communication with Voyager.
And that's very sad.
is it 45 years old,
or 55 years, or 50 years since it was launched,
it will be very sad
Because it becomes silent.
And we have no chance say goodbye.
♫ You won the race ♫
♫ We've claimed our place ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ We 've won the race ♫
♫ We've claimed our place ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ Our mind is in a daze ♫
♫ My thoughts will start to fray ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ I feel I'm going down ♫
♫ There are no more solid ground ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ Nobody has ever told me ♫
♫ I need someone to hold me ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ I hear an evil sound ♫
♫ It comes from all around ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ We've won the race ♫
♫ We've claimed our place ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
♫ We've won the race ♫
♫ We've claimed our place ♫
♫ Forever cold ♫
♫ And lost in space ♫
- If aliens hear my voice
and I know that he heard my voice.
He or she hears my voice,
I will cheer.
I'll jump around with
happy.
- What do you say?
How to...
-
- I call it for him
- I see that.
I won't do that
It's popular now but I'm private
don't like answering parmodify spacecraft.
They don't like it.
- Okay, now I always want to do this.
Are you ready?
23 takes seven
- Voyager
Original text: Chromeman Translator: Arytoon
Great.
♫ I saw ♫
♫ The day ♫
♫ Where we all walked ♫
♫ Away ♫
Submitted by: www.subtitlecinema.com